This study aims to design and apply a fuzzy controller on the RT040 Gunt-Hamburg Temperature Control Unit. The controller consists of a traditional PI controller and a fuzzy reasoning. The PI part is the main controller and the fuzzy reasoning part is used for tuning the parameters of the PI controller around the Ziegler-Nichols values, so called the fuzzy PI controller. Experimental results showed that the proposed fuzzy PI controller has suitable rise time and settling time, no overshoots, and zero steady-state errors. It is also adapting to the change of the system by noises better than the traditional PI controller.

The study was conducted with the objectives of assessing the dynamics of water resources in terms of space and time and identifying changes of the land use in the Mekong Delta during the period of 2006 - 2010. Possible impacts of hydrological changes on the land use were strongly considered in this study. Basic statistic approaches (descriptive statistics and trends analysis) were applied to analyze rainfall characteristics (based on measured data in the period of 1980 - 2004). Results of the existing hydraulic models were used to identify flood and saline intrusion dynamics in the present and future. Besides, GIS techniques were also used to create the maps of water resources dynamics and to analyse land use changes over the period. The obtained results showed that water resourses dynamics kept a significant role, leading to land use changes at the delta scale. Moreover, the study also presented areas where land use has significantly changed under the impacts of hydrological changes and development of irrigation system. Such the obtained results could be a valuable base for development plans of the entire delta.

Today, the sound amplification systems play an important and useful role in human life. It is widely used in many places such as conference rooms, lecture halls, musical theaters and recording studios as well as in telecommunication and mobile devices. However, there is a drawback of using these systems. That is the existence of howling which can be known as the Larsen effect appearing in the system, when there is audio feedback back to the microphone. This phenomenon could reduce the sound quality and cause unpleasant to the listener.  This paper presents the nature of the Larsen effect and the method to prevent the Larsen effect using frequency shifting with the aid of Matlab software.

In this paper, we describe a new method to detect the car number plate. The proposed algorithms applied to locate the car license plate include connected-components labeling (CCLA), unwanted region elimination (UREA) and modified location license plate algorithms for improvement car license plate detection result. In addition, we also introduce a new neural network model for license plate recognition. Our proposed approach obtained better results for removing noise and locating characters in the plate if compared to the method applying vertical edge detection algorithm (VEDA). The promising experimental results demonstrated that our proposed method is efficient and stable enough for problem identification car license plate.

In this paper, a method of disturbance estimating caused by eccentricity of a mechanism impacted on control systems is presented. By applying the adaptive control law, the disturbance is estimated, including frequency and amplitude. This method is evaluated by simulation on a specific system. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the estimation method.

Our investigation aims at constructing random oblique decision trees to recognize handwritten digits. At the pre-processing step, we propose to use the GIST descriptors to represent digit images in large number of dimensions datasets. And then we propose a multi-class version of random oblique decision trees based on the linear discriminant analysis that is suited for classifying high dimensional datasets. The experimental results on MNIST dataset show that our proposal has very high accuracy compared to state-of-the-art algorithms.

This study presents a method for parametric model identification of the Gunt-Hamburg RT020 fluid flow control system without concerning on its physical structure which is inherently difficult. From the mathematical model, it is easy to simulate and tune the controller, without the need of applying on the real system, in order to save time, energy and equipment attrition. From collected input-output data, the mathematical model is identified using MATLAB. The results showed that identified model fits above 80% in comparison with the real system, in both cases of testing on the open-loop system and the closed-loop PID control system.

Land unit map is an important basis for land evaluation, essentially in land use planning in responding to climate change. This research referred the information and data from specialized maps concerning to the land and 25 soil survey locations tested by augering household investigation, using available results from the climate change research was studied for Ben Tre in 2011 under two scenarios: (1) at the average and (2) highest emission. Land unit mapping conducted according to FAO (1976), overlaying the maps: hydrological water surface, soil and sea level rise scenarios by MapInfo software. The results showed that in the present time, the study area can be contourlined into 20 map units; in 2020, it is 22 units and in 2050, it comprises of 21 units. To increase the actual value, the climate change scenarios need to be considered to the impact of the existing sea dike and sluice gate system, the soil samples should be taken and analyzed for determination the physical and chemical properties involved.

This paper proposes a method for synchronizing Lorenz chaotic system consisting of one master and one slave. Sliding mode controller (SMC) is used to synchronize the above system. Moreover a Lyapunov function candidate is applied to ensure the stability of the system and adaptivity of the controller. The above proposed algorithm is developed basing on Simulink of MATLAB. The simulation result demonstrated for synchronization between the master and slave system is approximately 99.94%. This research work is the initial basis results for studying about the synchronization of  a system with many masters and many slaves.

We calculate and investigate the influence of characteristic parameters of the modulation doping real quantum well (AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs) to the distribution of the two-dimensional electron gas in the quantum well by the variational method. The studying results recorded that there is significantly change the distribution of electron gas in the well in the ground state and the excited state by the doping profile of the modulation-doped system. Thence, we evaluate the effects of the doping profile and the roughness profile parameters to the absorption linewidth. We believe that the changes of the distributions causes changes surface roughness scattering intensity, thus changing the absorption linewidth by the optical transition phenomenon between the two lowest subbands but this effect was little mentioned before.

This paper presents a method of parameters identification for the Gunt-Hamburg RT010 Liquid Level Control Unit based on a certain mathematical model of the single tank system. From the identified parameters, we can establish a computer-based model to reflect the real system. Controllers can be designed quickly based on the model which aids to reduce time and cost for tuning the controllers, and avoid damage to equipment. The study used MATLAB/simulink to conduct data collection, identification and system simulation. Identified model was tested online with the real system. The experimental results showed that the data fitting was above 80% and the model could reflect the behavior of equipment.

Today, we are living in the information age in which the information is explosive growth in exponent rate. Some leading company in information technology as Google, Yahoo, Amazon, Microsoft, Facebook, Twitter, etc. have  challenged with huge amount of data. This growth has demanded new strategies for processing and analyzing data. Cloud computing has been developed and Hadoop-MapReduce has become a powerful computation model addressing these problems. This model provides a programming framework for text processing applications that have ability to process quickly a large amount of data due to the parallel in a large computer cluster. This article provides an overview of large data processing problem on cloud computing platforms, such as architecture and components of Hadoop, HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System), MapReduce model and its various applications.

This paper presents the results of the research on designing, manufacturing and testing insecticide spraying machine. The experimental results showed that insecticide spraying machine can spray about 500 liters/hecta, capacity of machine is about 0.95 hecta/hour, fuel consumption is about 0.5 liter of diesel/hecta. Especially the machine can work stable, reliable and effective on the field land that is soft and easy to sunk in the Mekong Delta. It can spray for paddy at different growth stages and ensures safety for the health of the operator.

The objectives of study were to identify the land use changes from year of 2000 to 2005 and to 2010 and predict the land use changes in the future on acid sulphate soils in the Tri Ton district, An Giang province. The study was carried out by collecting data from 2000 - 2010 which supplied by the relevant local authority, combined with PRA and farmer?s interviewers. Results of study showed that four communes of Tri Ton district were divided into three sub-region based on the soil types: The poor nutrient alluvial soil sub-region, the moderately acid sulphate soils and the extremely acid sulphate soils. Land use change was different in each sub-region. Economic conditions and the living of farmers were improved when land use changes from mono-rice to intercropping of rice with upland crops and the soil quality improvement with these land use systems. The results also showed the prediction of trend of production in future on the extremely acid sulphate soils will be three crops of rice, while two rice - one upland crop and the triple cropping of rice will be practiced on the moderately acid sulphate soils.

Penicillium citrinum exposing chitinolytic activity was isolated from Can Gio mangrove forest. Conditions affecting the production of chitinases by Penicillium citrinum were optimised under solid substrate fermentation (SSF). The most suitable conditions for chitinase production by P. citrinum  were 106 spore/g culture medium containing 10% chitin, 2% NaCl with pH 4.5 and moisture of 60-80%; the incubation  time was 36 hours at 40oC. Penicillium citrinum yielded maximum chitinase 0.144 U/ml. Chitinase was partially purified with (NH4)2SO4 showed optimum activity at temperature 60oC and pH 6.0.

Snakehead fish (Channa striata Bloch, 1793) with body mass of 8 to12 g were used for the study on the effects of nitrite on growth and hematological parameters. The first experiment was carried to determine the LC50-96 hours of nitrite on this fish. The other two experiments were conducted for measuring hematological parameters and fish growth. The result showed that LC50-96 hrs. value of nitrite on the snakehead fish (Channa striata) was 238.8 mg/L N-NO2-. The number of red blood cells, hematocrit and hemoglobin of fish exposed to high concentrations of NO2-N decreased. However, metHb value of the fish increased and the highest concentration was found at 72 hours of exposure. After 90 days of culture, the fish growth decreased significantly at the concentrations of 184.6 mg/L and 201.6 mg/L N-NO2-. Daily growth rate (DWG), specific growth rate (SGR) and the survival rate of fish raised at concentration of 184.6 mg/L and 201.6 mg/L N-NO2-were significantly lower than those in the control and 11.94 mg/L N-NO2- after 90 days of culture. The results showed that the growth of snakehead fish is affected by high concentrations of nitrite in the water (above safe concentration).

Chemical composition and configuration of asarone in the rhizome extract of ?Thuy xuong bo? (Acorus sp.) were determined by GC-MS and MNR analyses. Results showed that the rhizome extract of ?Thuy xuong bo? contained at least 9 compounds. In that, ?-asarone was main component with the highest content ratio (66.8%). The content ratios of other components, excepting for 1H-Cyclopropa[?]naphthalene (13.4%) and (-)-Aristolene (5.8%), were lower than 3%. Otherwise, an open column chromatography on 15% silver nitrate in silica gel using a mixture of successive increase of 2% benzene in n-hexane as mobile phase was able to purify ?-asarone in the extract.

Processing of passion-pineapple juice was done on the impact of some factors, such as (i) treatment of pineapple by pectinase and hemicellulase enzymes at temperatures ranging from 30 to 45oC, (ii) the combination of pineapple (75ữ78%) and passion juice (2ữ5%), (iii) pH of juice (3.4ữ4.4) and (iv) pasteurization temperature (90ữ100oC). Research results showed that pectinase gave high extraction efficiency at 35°C (88.3%) compared with the untreated (79%). The high score of sensory evaluation was obtained by blending of 76.5% pineapples juice, 3.5% of passion juice and 20% of water, offering sour sweet harmony, good smell, color maintaining in juice. Pasteurization operation was done at 95oC and holding time of 10 minutes (the value of F is 37 minutes) to ensure food safety, improvement of product quality and sensory characteristics. Ascorbic acid degradation could be described by the biphasic model at all temperatures and pH studied.

Disease management of mudskipper (Pseudapocryptes lanceolatus), which are cultured in Bac Lieu province has been recorded through the survey of 90 mudskipper grow-out farms. The majority of farm operators had 2-4 years offarming experience. The farm area varied from 1,000-5,000 m2. The source of fingerling was depended on wild collection and stocking density ranged from 100 to 150 inds/m2. The main crop was usually from June to September or October of lunar calendar. All interviewed farms did not have settling ponds and water supply was taken directly from rivers and irrigation canals to cultured ponds. During the culture period, most of farmers did not exchange water but added water. Chemical and microorganisms were used for water treatment in order to improve cultured environment. Common diseases in mudskipper farming were recorded including hemorrhagic disease (78.9%), ulcers disease (50%), abdominal distention disease (50%), liver disease (25.6%), losing mucus (18.9%), and intestinal diseases (15.6%). These kinds ofdiseases affected productivity and profits. Occurrence of disease was highly found in first two months of the crop. Amoxicillin was the most popular used antibiotic for disease prevention and treatment which was based on farmers’s own experiences or learning from each other.

Objectives of this study were to identify possible single-nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate gene encoding Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) and to analyze probable genetic relationship between its SNP based-RFLP-marker with blood physiochemical traits in castrated males of the Yorkshire x Landrace pigs raising at the Experimental Animal Unit of Can Tho University. The results indicated that (i) a polymorphism digested by the restriction enzyme DraIII in exon 3 of the LIF gene was identified with various frequencies (AA=0.15, AB=0.73, and BB=0.12 and (ii) the significant differences between LIF genotypes and  physiochemical parameters of blood, such as number of red blood cell (RBC), hematorit HCT, number of platelet (PLT), amount of urea in blood (urea/BUN) were found (p

Constructed wetland is one of the technology, which is capable application to improve wastewater from urban, industry, agriculture and stormwater. The research has performed in the pilot horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland with plants used as Bon Bon (Typha orientalis C. Presl.) to treat mixed domestic wastewater and stormwater. The system was divided into 3 sections with the density of 15 plants/m2. The system was operated continuously with the flow rate of 0.6 m3/day and estimated hydraulic retention time of 15 days. The results showed that total nitrogen (TN) concentration decreased along the system. T. orientalis developed very well in the system, especially in the first section (the first 3 m). In addition, removal efficiency of TN corresponding to adaptation period (70 days) and perform period (98 days) were 88.5% and 60.8%. The study results indicated that nitrogen concentration played an important role for plant growth and T. orientalis did play well the role in wastewater treatment via biological uptake.

The variability of starch between and within plant species causes difficulties in predicting functional performance in food processing and human nutrition. The variability of starch results from diversity of structure, which reflects the genetics of starch biosynthesis and environmental influences during plant growth. The aim of this research was to increase the understanding of environmental factors that influence variability of starch structure, and in turn starch properties that affect cereal grain quality. Starch was isolated from grain harvested from five commercial Australian wheat varieties that were grown in five different climatic regions of Australia in the season 2008. The properties that were examined including total starch content, amylose contents, starch granule size distribution and swelling power of flour and starch. Statistical analysis of variance indicated that genotype mainly affected amylose content and starch granule size distribution. Growing conditions (soil properties, nutrients, rainfall, atmospheric temperature and number of clear days) influenced on total starch content and flour swelling power.

The study explores the variety of medicinal plants at Thong Thu and Hanh Dich communes, Que Phong district, Nghe An province, Viet Nam. The results revealed a collection of 139 species and 120 genera and 64 families. Depending on the species, all the plant or parts of the plant can be used for medical treatment, in which the plants whose leaves used account for the highest percentage of the total collection 51.1%, followed by  stem (17.9%), fruits (8.63%), the group of seeds, tubers, roots, flower and shells comprising the low proportion (1.44 to 3.60%) and the rest of buds and latex discovered only one species (0.72%). Medicinal plants found in the study are used to treat 17 different groups of diseases,of which skin diseases make up 16.6%, followed by  weather-related diseases  (15.16%) and cancer at the lowest rate (0.72%). Among the medicinal plants discovered in the researched area, 6 species are listed in the 2007 Vietnam Red Data Book as endangered wildlife species.

Twenty four individual crossbred (Landrace x Yorkshire-Ba Xuyen) growing pigs (comprising an equal number of castrated males and females) were used for this study. The initial and final mean live weight of pigs were 47 kg and 90 kg, respectively. The trial was designed as 2x2 factorial experiment with three different feeding diets (KP1: complete diet, without coconut meal (CM) supplementated; control diet; KP2: 10% CM supplemented in diet and KP3: 16% CM supplemented diet); and two groups of pigs (male and female). Results of the study showed that the average daily gain (ADG) (g/pig/day) were 625, 698 and 638; and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were 3.2, 3.0 and 3.1, for the KP1, KP2 and KP3, respectively were significantly different among treatments (p0.05). The effect of the two factors was not significantly different in term of growth performance and feed efficiency (p>0.05). However, the income tended to improve for both of male and female pigs fed KP2. Overall, the results indicate that crossbred fattening pigs can be raised with 10% CM inclusion in feeding diet which might be recommended for economical benefit in farm conditions.

This study was conducted in 90 days to evaluate the effects of flocculated algae (Chaetoceros and Nannochloropsis) plus probiotics and glucose on the growth and survival rate of clam (Meretrix lyrata). The experiment was designed with 4 treatments with triplicates for each treatment as follows: (1) centrifuged algae; (2) centrifuged algae + probiotics + glucose; (3) Flocculated algae; and (4) Flocculated algae + probiotics + glucose. Growth rate of the clam weight was the highest in centrifuged algae diet (1.02±0.18%), then celtrifuged alge plus probiotics and glucose (0.89±0.1%), the lowest value was in flocculated algae diet (0.63±0.25%), however there was not significant difference among treatments (p>0.05). Clams fed with celtrifuged algae showed the highest survival rate (24.33±0.58%) wheares it was the lowest with flocculated algae (6.33±4.51%). Although the follocuated algae plus probiotics and glucose resulted in low survival and growth rate of clams but the results of study supplied the initial information to improve and develop the practical diets in bivalve hatchery. 

Effect of washing period and salt concentration in washing solution on the gel properties of meat from ?Tra? fish by-product (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) were investigated. The mince was washed with 0, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7% NaCl for different washing period (3, 4 and 5 minutes). In addition, the influence of washing cycle (the control, one time, two times and three times) to gel properties of meat mince of ?Tra? fish by-product was also determined. The results showed that a good quality surimi required to be washed twice with 0.5% NaCl and washing time should be limited within 19 minutes (4 min agitation and 15 minutes settling). To investigate salt and cryoprotectant concentration on the gel functionalities of surimi during frozen storage, different amount of salt (1.0,1.5 and 2.0% NaCl) as well as cryoprotectant concentration (0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0% of ratio 1: 1 between sorbitol and sucrose) were used. Addition of 1.5% NaCl with 3% sucrose and 3% sorbitol kept to stabilize the gel strength ad water holding capacity of frozen surimi during 12 weeks.

Application of bio-fertilizer has been interested in order to replace chemical fertilizers because biofertilizer could support high yield and keep the environment clean. In this research, 43 endobacterial strains were isolated from roots of banana planted in some provinces of Mekong delta such as Can Tho city, and Vinh Long, Ben Tre, Tra Vinh and Hau Giang provinces. Among them, 25 strains were isolated on NFb medium and 18 strains were isolated on Baz medium. The morphological characteristics of colonies were circular shape, raised elevation, smooth margin, milky white or pure white on NFb medium, white or yellow on Baz medium; almost bacterial cells had rod shape, motile, Gram negative. All strains were able to fix nitrogen and synthesized indole acetic acid (IAA). Two strains N5 and N12 had the highest ability of N-fixing with 3.16 àg/ml and 4,85 ppm of NH4+ concentration, respectively, while two strains D1 and D5 gave highest concentration of IAA at 3.16 àg/ml and 4.85 àg/ml, respectively. Comparing the nucleotide sequences in 16S ribosomal DNA with the gene bank database, the strain N12 was determined as Achromobacter sp. with 97% homogeneous level and the strain D1 was Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 94% homogeneous level.

Effects of selected Bacillus bacteria on brackishwater rotifer Brachionus plicatilis were studied. The first experiment included three treatments and one control, to investigate the effects of strain B37 (Bacillus cereus), B41 (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), and B67 (Bacillus subtilis) on growth and egg carrying ratio of rotifers. Rotifers collected from the first experiment were challenged to Vibrio harveyi in the second experiment. The survival rates of rotifers after susceptibility were determined. Results showed that the density of rotifers and rotifer carrying eggs in the treatments added with Bacillus bacteria were significantly higher than those of the control, and the highest values were obtained from the treatments with bacteria B37. Bacillus bacteria could control growth of Vibrio. Rotifer productivity was improved by adding Bacillus on the culture system. Rotifers in the treatments with Bacillus could maintain higher survival rates when challenged with Vibrio harveyi, however, the difference was not significantly different.

A survey, interviewed 300 farmers, was conducted in 2 intensive rice production provinces which focuses on the present seed quantity and fertilizer application and factors affecting rice yield and net income. The report identified key factors including (1) the current use of 2 input factors such as seed quantity and two popularly used fertilizers (urea and DAP); (2) comparison of rice yield among different farmer?s irrigation groups, and member and non-member of cooperative; and (3) indentified factors affecting net income and rice yield at household level. The results of the study showed that the number of seed was more 200 kg/ha, higher than scientific recommemdation (80-100kg seed/ha). Urea use at two studied sites was relative high (averaging  210-230 kg/ha) and DAP use in Phu Tan district (75 kg/ha) was lower than that in Tan Hiep district (126 kg/ha). The wet rice yield of Summer-Autunm season and Autunm-Winter season in Tan Hiep district was significant lower than that in Phu Tan district. The wet rice yield of Winter-Spring season was more than 8 tons/ha. Rice yield is positive regression to the amount of potassium applied and water management. Economic efficiency is positive regression to the rice yield and the price of rice.

The study was conducted based on survey factors affecting to pie crust and filling processing including butter (10ữ30%), shortening (20ữ40%), egg yolk (15ữ35%) ratios were added to the sticky batter; butter (30ữ70%) and oil (20ữ40%) additional to oil batter; ratio of fresh pineapple (50ữ90%) on filling making and the baking temperature ranging from 160 to 200°C. The quality of pie (in terms of structure, color and sensory values) was analyzed. Research results showed that the addition of butter, shortening and egg yolk were 20, 30% and 25%, respectively, to make good sticky batter. In order to meet the high quality of oil batter, the addition of butter 50% and 30% of oil were obtained, with soft crust and good layered characteristics. The ratio of fresh pineapple of 70% was used for filling making to get high score of sensory evaluation (in term of smell and taste) of the product. High quality pie could be obtained by baking temperature of 180oC for 60 minutes, a light yellow color of pie crust was found.

A study on reproductive biological characteristics of tank goby (Glossogobius giuris,  Hamilton, 1822) was carried out in Can Tho city from September 2011 to May 2012. Around 30 fish samples were monthly collected in Hau river by using trawl net. The results of the study indicated that the lowest conditions factor (CF) was determined in October, while the highest one was in November. Meanwhile the highest gonadosomatic index (GSI) found in October and the lowest was in January. However, the lowest hepatosomatic index (HSI) was in October for both sexes, while the highest HIS values were in January for females and in December for males. Absolute fecundity of tank gopy G. giuris fluctuated from 16,985 to 77,298 eggs/female. Tank goby eggs are oval and small, but the eegs can be observed when the ovaries reached stage IV or V and the diameter of egg ranged from 0.621 mm to 0.719 mm.

Some morphological and biological characteristics and predacity of Paederus fuscipes on the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) were investigated under the temperature, humidity and light illumination (T: 27-310C; RH: 64-80%, 12L:12D) of laboratory conditions. A life cycle of P. fuscipes was 35.7±3.4 days including 3.5±0.7 days for egg stage, 14.3±4.3 days for larval stage with two instars (6.7±1.7 days for the first instar and 7.7±2.6 days for the second instar), 1.0 days for pre-pupal stage, 3.0±0.1 days for pupal stage and 13.9±2.5 days for the time from adult eclosion to egg laying female. A P. fuscipes female laid averagely 76.8±24.5 eggs with the egg hatching and eclosion ratios were 99.8% and 84.5%, respectively. In confined conditions of plastic boxes, P. fuscipes adults showed high predacity on the brown plant hopper. A P. fuscipes adult consumed 4.2-16.0 nymphs/day or 3.3-5.5 adults/day of brown planthopper depending on nymphs stages and adult forms (winged or unwinged) of the host.

This research investigated the effect of total soluble solids content (20á26oBrix), pH value (4á5) and isolated yeast populations (103á107 CFU/ml) in must on pineapple wine quality. Research results showed that high quality pineapple wine (high ethanol content 15.3-15.95% v/v and less reducing sugar remaining) was produced by using 23-24oBrix (total soluble solid), pH 4.5 and yeast density of 105-106 CFU/ml for fermentation process. Beside that, volatile acid, ester, SO2 and methanol content meet Vietnamese standards (TCVN 7045:2009). The relationship between alcohol content and pH, total soluble solid content and yeast density was found. Since then, it was possible to estimate alcohol content for different conditions of pineapple wine fermentation. The optimum parameters were found.

Characteristics of the population of Threadfin Porgy (Evynnis cardinalis) was analyzed using data collected by bottom trawl in the shared fishing zone between Vietnam and China in the Gulf of Tonkin. Results showed that the folk length of fish varied in the range from 3 to 24 cm. Length composition of Threadfin Porgy was dominated by small size and the rate of big fish in catches was rather low. The mean length of fish had an increasing trend during the survey time from April to January of the following year. The average of catch rate and catch per unit effort were estimated to be about 3.2% and 2.9 kg/hr., respectively. The abundance of Threadfin Porgy was different by months and that had an increasing trend from January to October. The fishing ground was in South-Western part of Bach Long Vy island in April, offshore Eastern part of Hon Me island and South-Eastern part of border line in Tonkin Gulf. The mean stock biomass and maximum sustainable yield estimated ranged from 1,117 to 7,091 tones and from 402 to 2,553 tones, respectively. The percent spawning stock ratio ranged 60% to 80% in total biomass. Stock of Threadfin Porgy has a recruitment highest in the spring. Actually, this stock in the shared fishing zone is overfishing. Catch per unit effort, stock biomass and spawning stock biomass had a decreasing trend in recent years.

The research was carried-out by using the method of observing and slautering 730 swines in Ca Mau city. We found that there were 591 pigs with one or more lesions on pig viscera (80.96%). Five hundred ninety one out of 591 pigs presented lung lesions (100%) with five types of lesions such as congestion-haemorrhage, atelectasis, edema, necrosis and inflammation. Lesions in the liver accounted for 43.2% (255/591) with four types of lesions including congestion-haemorrhage, cirrhosis, milk spots and jaundice. Intestinal lesions accounted for 8.12% (48/591) and gastric hemorrhagic lesions were 6.26%.

This study aimed to investigate the biological characteristics of flowering and fruit development of ?Tau? lime, which will serve as rationale for further studies on the improvement of yield and quality. The study was carried-out from November 2011 to May 2012 on ?Tau? lime at the age of 8-10 years old in Binh Thuy district, Can Tho city. Flowering characteristics were studied based on investigation of 40 inflorescences; and flowering process was observed every 6 hours per day from blooming to fading. Fruit development was explored by observing fruits locating on 50 branches and once per week from fruit setting until harvesting. Results showed that fruit set ratio after petal abscission was 59.2%. Young fruit abscission occurred from the 3rd to the 10th week after fruit set (AFS). Fruit set ratio of leafy inflorescences was higher than leafless one. The process of fruit development from fruit set to harvest lasted for 21 weeks; the height and diameter of fruit reached its maximum size at the 6th and 8th week, respectively, while the weigh attained the uttermost at the 12th to 13th week.

The percentage of shrimp head meat was about 15% by weight of raw shrimp head. The use of protein in shrimp heat in food processing could enhance the economic value of black tiger shrimp in Mekong Delta. The objective of this research was to evaluate the combination of mixing shrimp head meat and shredded shrimp meat in sausage processing. First of all, blending of shrimp paste from shredded shrimp meat and its frozen preservation were carried out in order to create stable materials for sausage processing. The results showed that at a ratio of 30%:70% created well-structured paste and the physico-chemical and microorganism values of shrimp paste maintained stably in frozen storage for 8 weeks. In addition, the combination of this paste and lard at a ratio of 7:3 and water ice mixed with the corresponding ratio of 12% produced a good texture shown by the high water holding capacity. The product which was steamed at 80°C during 75 minutes was the optimal mode for the well-structured and safe. When sausage was stored in a temperature of 2ữ4°C, the texture characteristics maintained stability and the total plate counts of products kept under the limit value during 8 weeks.

The application of thermotolerant yeasts in the ethanol production is an interested topic, because the yeasts are able to grow and ferment under high temperature. In addition, the yeasts adapt in the tropical climate, for example Vietnam?s climate. In this research, 37 yeast strains from the previous researches were tested the thermotolerant ability by incubating for two days in different temperatures (including 30, 35, 40, 43, 45 and 47ºC). Thermotolerant yeasts were tested ethanol tolerant ability in 20° Brix sucrose medium with 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12% (w/v) ethanol level. The yeast strain with high capacity of thermotolerance and ethanol tolerance was screened for ethanol production in different conditions consisting of cell density (104, 105, 106, and 107 cells/mL), initial sugar concentration (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30º Brix) and pH of medium (4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5 and 6.0). There were 18 yeast strains that could withstand relative high temperature at 43ºC and 4 strains could grow at 45ºC (HX1, N1, MO, and T), among them, HX1 had higher capacity of ethanol tolerance than others at 9% ethanol level. The HX1 yeast strain grew and fermented well with conditions 105 cells/mL of initial cell density, 20 degree of initial Brix and pH 4.5. Comparing the nucleotide sequences of ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8S rDNA with the gene bank database, the HX1 strain which was determined was Candidatropicalis with 100% homogeneous level.

An assessment of roles and potential of the fisheries sector of the provinces in the Mekong Delta (MD) were studied by reviewing data. Results found that Kien Giang and Ca Mau provinces had the highest production from marine fishing; while An Giang and Dong Thap provinces had the highest production of inland provinces. Fisheries in the MD rapidly increased since 2000, black tiger shrimp and catfish were mainly products of aquaculture. However, fisheries activities are facing with several problems such as decline aquatic resources; reduction of farmers;s income by high production cost and low selling price. Results also found that positive relationship between fisheries products and grossdDomestic product (GDP) in all of the provinces.

Hong Dan district, Bac Lieu province located in the region of Mekong Delta where would be directly affected by climate change such as sea water intrusion, high temperature duration and rainfall low. These had caused 22,000 ha of shrimp-paddy rice model becoming unstable (Agricultural Office of Hong Dan district, 2011). A saline tolerant test on ten seasonal rice collected along coastal areas in the MekongDelta were conducted in the greenhouse at electrical conductivity (EC) of 7.81-19.53 dSm-1 based on method described by IRRI (1997). After testing, five rice tolerance from 11.72 dSm-1 to 15.63 dSm-1 were planted at two sites in Hong Dan district, each set of five rice was experimented according to randomized complete block design; EC (water) and ECe (soil) were taken at three stages of rice growth (seedling, reproductive and harvest). Results showed that CTUS1(local named Soi) and CTUS4 (Mot Bui Hong) have high yield (4.5-4.8 ton/ha).

In recent years, the press has become interested in the lives of people who purchase in the rivers because they are the linking roles between the sectors of agriculture, industry, trade and services; and contribute to the connection between urban and rural areas. Thereby, it has been shown those people play very important roles for economic and social development in the region. However, the relevant issues in concerns have not been fully discovered, as follows: the causes which led to them to take purchasing on the river as their job; what difficulties for people who have to face with when purchasing and living on the rivers;and what should be done to overcome those obstacles for better improvement in their purchasing and living in their situations. The study focuses on these issues.

The determination of the correlation among the system of the tests used to evaluate the level of professional physical fitness in badminton will serve as a basis for the accurate and effective inspection and evaluation process of teaching and training. In addition, it provides the necessary scientific information as the basis for the lecturers to build and adjust the teaching and training plan. The research result has also presented the tests which are reliable and have sufficient scientific basis to apply in inspecting and evaluating the professional physical fitness of badminton-majored male students at Dong Thap University.

The study was conducted in Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City from September 2012 to April 2013. The study?s objective is to investigate the awareness, knowledge, attitude and behaviors towards environment of lower and upper secondary school students in Ninh Kieu District, then analyze the current contexts of environmental education in the investigated area. Interviews and questionaires were delivered to 390 students at 12 schools in Ninh Kieu District. The result shows that in general, students in the study have basic knowledge towards environment. Although the percentage of lower secondary school students have reported less right answers about climate change and sustainable development than those of uper secondary high school students, the disparity rate was insignificant. Students in both levels showed positive attitude to environment as well as participation in public acitivities to propagate and disseminate environmental protection. Students also acknowledged that their skills and environmental participation capacity are fairly low and showed their expectation to be trained with essential life skills at school. The results also reveal the issue of inconsistency between school and family in educating young generation, in which family does not have strong impact on children in environmental education.

Coaching in teaching is one of the models of teacher professional development. In this paper we present: (1) what coaching is and results of coaching of professional development for a group of teachers in the Primary Demonstration School in Can Tho City; (2) impact of high level thinking questions on learning attitude of students; (3) the lessons have been learned by the teacher educators, who play role of coaches during participating coaching process. The collected data of this researchinclude teachers? leson plans, journals/teaching diaries of teachers, notes and records of lesson observations, interviews with two university coaches and two primary school teachers.

Story-telling is one of the important subjects in Primary Education because it helps train essential skills such as generalizing, expressing ideas and using language correctly for primary students. These skills are difficult for primary students to master because their generalizing capacity is not sufficient and their language ability has still been limited. As a result, the content of their stories and the art of telling stories have not been attractive. This article recommends Mind Map as an effective tool in improving story-telling skills such as generalization, idea expression and language use for primary school students. Being conducted at Ngo Quyen primary school in Can Tho city, the experimental results show that using Mind Map could enhance the essential story-telling skills for the students.

This paper presents experimental results of teaching a theorem in Geometry 11 following the hypothesis - formulation phasewith the support of   GeoGebra software. The study was conducted at Class 11A(22 students), Pacific College Can Tho City, in the school year of 2012-2013. Through the process of observation, lesson analysis and survey of students and teachers about teaching effectiveness, research results show that using software GeoGebra to support the teaching practices with hypothesis - formulation phase was feasible. GeoGebra helped teachers have a lot of opportunities to create great students?s interest in learning. In particular, students could formulate hypotheses and self-orient the method to test the hypotheses in a dynamic environment created by GeoGebra.

Oc Eo culture is an ancient culture existing in the first century to the VII century AD, covered with a very large area whose central land is inthe Mekong Delta. During the French colonial period, the French scientists had considerably inversted researching with important findings about the Oc Eo culture in the provinces such as An Giang andDong Thap. However, in Can Tho, the discovery and excavation of  Oc Eo have been implemented pretty late, but still collected a lot of important and great contribution to the study of the Oc Eo culture,which has been under a lot of controversy and discussion.

After the previous article ?The problems of  language uses on short message service (SMS) of students in Can Tho University, Tran Dai Nghia and Chau Van Liem  high schools?, this article analyses the causes and indicates its influence on  school - language, the development of thinking and the formation of the personality of students. Finally, the article presents the measures to control the spread of this language register in school and other language areas of castigate language style.

Quality assessment of higher education has been identified as one of the most important activities for the university. This work aims at not only contributing to upgrading quality of training, but also providing skilled labor forces for the socio-economic development. The main goal of this paper is to identify criteria of training quality assessment on the program of business administration and to measure satisfication level  with a survey of 132 students in the discipline. The empirical findings show that eight groups of factors (or criteria), representing for 29 specific factors,provided the significant effects to measure the satisficiation level of training quality for the discipline of business administration. Several of those have been reported in a satistified level by the student participants in the survey, including ensuring the teaching progress of the academic term as scheduled, learning conditions and prestiges of lecturers. However, a few ofothers, such as teaching skills and professional ability, provision of student supports and teaching facilities, are evaluated at a lower level of satisfication.

This paper illustrates action research (AR) as one of effective tools forprofessional development for the lecturer as well as student teachers of Primary Teacher Education. Specifically, the lecturer undertaking the subject of Vietnamese microteaching for the seniors of the primary education program used AR model in order to self-evaluate the teaching quality in this subject in the 1st semester of the school year 2012 - 2013. The process of AR conducted includes 5 steps: (1) Identifying problems; (2) Collecting data; (3) Interpreting the data; (4) Acting on evidence and (5) Evaluating the results. To collect data, the lecturer utilized a variety of methodologies such as teaching diaries, questionnaires and interviews.The results of the applying AR on Vietnamese microteaching were the base for the lecturers to evaluate the students? learning results as well as self-reflect the teaching practices in order to plan for the next actions. It has been said, ?Teachers often leave a mark on their students, but they seldom leave a mark on their profession. (Wolfe, 1989). Through the process of applying AR, teachers will do both?.

Analogy reasoning plays an important role in teaching mathematical tasks. Many researchers in Vietnam and in the other countries have used analogy reasoning in teaching these tasks and achieved several useful results. This article presents the results of research on tasks related to the topic of plane equation - Geometry 12 based on analogy reasoning with the topic of  straight-line equation - Geometry 10.

Teaching theorems is one of the important tasks of the teachers ofmathematics. A problem which is under concerns of many teachers to conduct reseach is how to teach theorems of mathematics actively. Discovery teaching method has been studied by educators around the world and in Vietnam. Recently, several authors have proposed models for teaching theorems by discovery method and teachers can apply these models in teaching effectively. This paper introduces a model for teaching theorems by discovery method with the support of GeoGebra software. This model shows the main steps that teachers can apply in discovery teaching.

This paper reports findings of a small-scale exploratory investigation into how the rhetorical act of establishing a territory, the first move in Swales? CARS framework (Swales, 1990), is  broken down into steps (submoves) in research article introductions in empirical research articles published in 2011 in two leading linguistics journals in Viet Nam. Results obtained from a systematic genre-based analysis of a modest corpus of 14 RAIs indicate that there is a stark difference between the way this move is realized as constituent steps by Vietnamese authors compared to the similar practice employed in academically prestigious English-medium journals as established in the literature. It is hoped that the preliminary insights from this study will be of use to novice writers, other researchers and practitioners engaged in the practice and teaching of academic writing in Viet Nam.

The research was conducted to measure and identify factors that influence student satisfaction about quality services of the Learning Resource Center, Cantho University. The data was collected by direct interviews with 130 students who used services at this Center. The descriptive statistics, Cronbach?s alpha test, Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling were used in this study. The results show that the student satisfaction of quality services was positively influenced by three important factors, following in order as empathy, responsiveness and assurance. The results also reveal that several services need to be effectively  informed to the students.

Nowadays, the society has continuously changed and developed along with the powerful development of information technology, and lecturers are required not to stop learning and innovating in order to positively catch up with to the new situations. The exploitation and use towards educational resources in teaching and conducting scientific research of the lecturers have still been limited and have not reached the effectiveness as expected. In this article, the author is not only introduce the educational resources but also orients the lecturers to exploit those resources effectively for improving the quality of teaching and researching in higher education. 

The aim of this paper is to explore whether, and if so, how variations in firm characteristics and contexts determine the variation in unofficial payment (or firm-level bribery) in Mekong Delta, Vietnam. In this paper, the authors explain why several firms, externally and internally, are more forced to pay unofficial payment than others. The external factors include the perceived level of competition and the perceived level of the quality of local government. The internal ones involve the size and the age of the focal organizations. Based on the firm-level data, the findings reveal that firm characteristics (e.g., age, size) affect a firm?s posibility of paying unofficial payment. Similarly, the variations in the business environment (e.g., the perceived degree of competition, the quality of government services) also affect a firm?s unofficial payment.

The research aims to evaluate the situation and factors which affected the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Dong Thap Province, Vietnam. Stratified random sampling was used  with the sample size of 113 SMEs. The analysis of descriptive statistics and discriminant function were applied to analyze the collected data. The results indicate several influential factors to the competitiveness of SMEs, including level of employees, enterprises? market, product cost, technological level, capital scale, labor productivity, manager?s level, labor scale, ROE and equity ratio.

This study aims at analyzing the financial performance of food companies in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The data were directly collected from financial statements of 42 food companies during the period from 2007 to 2011. The results derived from the statistical analysis reveal that the liquidity and inventory turnover of those companies were fairly high. However, the total asset turnover of the companies was rather low. In addition, profitability ratios of the selected companies were fairly high, but experiencing the downtrend year by year. Particularly, the findings from the fixed effects regression model show that the factors of capital structure, total asset turnover and proportion of export sales have positive effects on return on equity of the companies.

Among many determinants of tourists? re-visit intention, destination image is the most important factor. This study aims to evaluate the impacts of the constituents of Destination Vietnam on the intention to re-visit Vietnam of international tourists. Convenient sampling was employed for sample selection. The sample size included 100 respondents who are international tourists, are able to speak English and visit Vietnam for the first time with leisure purpose. The data was collected from questionnaires devlivered in different locations and at different points of time; therefore, the weakness of convenient sampling in general could be overcome, and the garthered samples could generalize for the population of international tourists to Vietnam. After employing factor analysis method to extract primary factors forming the destination image of Vietnam, the paper employed binary logistic regression analysis in order to find out which of factors forming Vietnam destination image are the most influencial to the intention to re-visit of international tourists. Among six factors forming the destination image of Vietnam, two group factors, namely (i) Natural resources and Language and (ii) Natural Environment and Infrastructure, have the most positive influence on tourists? intention of repeat visitation.

This study aims at examining the associations between socio-economic characteristics of rice farmer households and their participation in rice production and distribution under contract scheme, analyzing the contract terms, benefits and constraints of contract scheme, and then proposing solutions for the better scheme. The household survey was conducted in Vinh Nhuan Village, Chau Thanh District, An Giang Province, Vietnam, in August 2012. The research results addressed that there exists a close association of farmers joining farmer?s organizations with the participation in contract scheme; large farmers and farmers residing in favorable location are more likely to be selected for contract participation; contract farmers gain remarkably 26.41% higher revenue and 16.54% higher economic return than independent farmers, but their total cost of production is also 8.14% higher than the others; particularly labor cost is significantly higher 47.85%; entrepreneurs often supply farming inputs with high price and they also give late payment to contract farmers after collecting rice.

The study aims to analyze determinants of farming households? access to formal credit markets in An Giang Province, Vietnam. Logit and OLS models were used to measure the impacts of independent variables on dependent variables based on the information of individual farming household and other factors related to farming households? access to credit by various producing lines. The results of Logit model analysis indicate that probability of being credit constraints of households is affected by many factors of household characteristics such as education, occupation, area of residential land, value of assets and using trade credit. Moreover, the results of multivariate regression analysis (OLS) shows that the size of formal loans is affected by the following factors: social relations, borrowing purpose, value of assets and income of households.

The study focuses on explaining the determinants of consumers? willingness to pay (WTP) for organic farmed pangasius. Health involvement (1), perceived risk toward farmed product (2), trust in food industry (3) and attitude toward organic - farmed pangasius (4) are purposely adopted as explained variables in theoretical model. Structural equation modelling is applied to analyze the collected data from 400 consumers in Nha Trang, Vietnam. The statistical testing confirms the reliability and validity of all constructs and measurement model which can be presentative for the population. The four variables are found to significantly affect consumers? (WTP), and of which the attitude toward organic - farmed pangasius is the strongest indicator of consumers? WTP. The results also support the theory of role of attitude in explaining behavior. Besides, consumers involving in health tend to pay more not only because of healthiness but also for preventing risks from eating conventional farmed pangasius. The results are important to marketers, who target organic market segment, should position organic products as healthy category. Moreover, they should launch a marketing strategy to improve consumers?trust in this kind of product.

This paper studies the SME?s comparative advantage and evaluates the factors affecting the development of SME in Hau Giang Province, Vietnam. Through the application of diamond model framework to assess the internal and external environment factors of the SME sector, the results showed that the operating and business environment were relatively good. However, the international economic integration and market factors were poorly implemented although the readiness for the integration was relatively high. The study was utilized the regression analysis to analyze the factors affecting the development of SME economy. The results found that total assests, total labor, labor skills, input supply, type of business, degree of competitiveness and business risk were the main factors that influence the revenue and profit growth of the SMEs. In addition, the main factors affecting the choice of capital structure by SMEs were  size, growth of revenue and efficiency.

Administrative reform is considered as a strong momentum to push economic growth forward, improve freedom, democracy and other social life aspects. Therefore, Bac Ninh Province, Vietnam, has actively implemented comprehensive administrative reform according to one-door orientation for many years. The aim is to operate the administration in more effectively legal and economical ways and serve the people better. The reform is also to transform gradually administrative management style from governing into serving people. Consequently, the local authority has provided the residents with administrative services and treated them as clients who assess accurately and fairly all activities of the administration work of the authority. This active action significantly contributes to attracting the investments in Bac Ninh in general and foreign direct investments to Bac Ninh in particular, to which Bac Ninh has ranked as one of the top provinces with the highest foreign direct investment. Particularly, the provincial competitiveness index of Bac Ninh has consecutively improved, the following year index is always higher than the previous one. For example,  the index of the province was ranked the 20th position in 2007 and climbed to the second position in 2011 in comparison with all provinces in the nation. Foreign direct investment plays an important role to help Bac Ninh become an industrial province in the year 2015.

The paper outlines an overview of investment and utilization of machines of the enterprises specializing in construction and manufacturing industry as well as an exloration of the factors that affected the decision to apply the advances of science and technology in business activities of those enterprises in Can Tho City, Vietnam. The empirical results indicate that the ratio of machine value to total capital is always high (over 30%). However, the results demonstrate that the ultilization of machine of the enterprises is not effective. Related to the factors influencing the decision in applying the advanced science and technology, the study results show that there are five significantly and statistically meaningful factors including age of enterprise, capital, cost reduction, scale and return on equity.

Current land use has been changed quickly and complicatedly due to the socio-economic conditions and the changes of physical conditions, playing a very important role. The objective of study is to find out the group of socio-economic and physical factors that affected to the selection of the farming models of farmers. The PRA and SWOT methods were used for analyzing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges of 10 farming models and the expert knowledge analysis for initial assessment of the impact of socio-economic and environmental factors to the land-use change in Bac Lieu Province, Vietnam. the results showed that the changing of farming models in the agricultural production activities in Bac Lieu has been affected by the profit factor, the capacity of farming model development, the major trend of the community, salinity intrusion and water quality. The results also recommended the necessity of building the land-use requirements for assessing the land potentials for land-use planning to meet the socio-economic and environmental objectives of the province and to be more consistent with the land use requirements of the local people.

This study aimed to propose the development solutions for homestay tourism at the islets in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Research data were collected from 52 households, who have been participated in the homestay tourism organizations at four islets in the Mekong Delta, including Thoi Son, An Binh, Thanh Binh, Tan Loc. Through the situation analysis of the homestay tourism organizations of the community and identification of the causes which have limitted the development of the homestay tourism forms at the islands, the author has proposed four solutions to develop homestay tourism in the islets as follows: (i) creating the closed links of ?three houses" between the citizen, the state and the tourism business (travel companies); (ii) improving the qualifications and the provision of the professional tourism services; (iii) innovativing the new and unique products and services; and (iv) developing a strategy to promote the homestay tourism image professionally.

The assessment of the status-quo of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Soc Trang Province, Vietnam, based on "five competitive forces" approach of Porter (1985), aims to analyze the comparative advantage and the competitive advantage of SMEs. SWOT analysis and direct interviews were carried out with 349 representatives of SMEs (including cooperatives and household family business), leaders of the departments  at the provincial, district and commune levels, in combination with expert interviews, group discussion and workshops. The research results report on (1) the contribution of SMEs in the province's socio-economic development, (2) the competitiveness of SMEs, (3) using the resources of local businesses, (4) environmental issues related to SMEs, (5) the policies related to SME development, and (6) analysis of competitive and comparative advantages. Finally, feasible solutions are suggested for SMEs? development in terms of increasing the production value, exports, job creation, income improvement and community development.

Soc Trang, a coastal province in the Mekong Delta,Vietnam, occupies a large proportion of rice area in the agricultural economic structure of the province. Particularly, Soc Trang Province possesses the natural advantages to grow aromatic rice production due to high quality varieties of aromatic rice produced by the province itself such as "ST" varieties, particularly "ST5". This kind of rice varieties has reached both standards of productivity and quality, which has really brought higher income to rice farmers and contributed to the provincial economic development. However, there have been several factors with negative impacts on ST5 production and distribution in terms of mixed other varieties in the production and mixed rice in the distribution stage, which somehow negatively affect ST5 brand reputation in the market. The study of ST5 rice value chain aims to propose the solutions for upgrading, improving the competitiveness in quantity and export rice quality, and increasing the income and profit in the entire chain.