From the ethyl acetate extracts of the fruit of Cassia grandis L.f from An Giang Province, three compounds (apigenin-7-O-b-D-glucopyranoside, cinnamic acid and beta-sitosterol) were isolated. Their structures were interpreted by spectra including 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC,HMBC,MS and based on published data.

Agro-ecological zoning based on the properties of surface water resources keeps an essential role in making proper development plans of agriculture and aquaculture sectors. The integrated approach, including the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and Key Informant Panel (KIP) approach, field surveys and geo-spatial analysis, was applied to understand the changes of farming systems (from 2009 to 2012) due to impacts of surface water resources and hydrological settings changes in the Soc Trang province. The obtained results showed that there were existing three agro-ecological zones, including: fresh (surface) water zone, seasonal saline (surface) water zone and permanent saline (surface) water zone. In addition, thirty-six sub agro-ecological zones were divided with detailed spatial surface water resources and hydrological settings, providing a proper base for natural resources planning.

This work considered the use of Makapuno (also known as Macapuno) in the Mekong River Delta for the synthesis of renewable and environmentally friendly biodiesel fuel as an alternative to conventional diesel fuel. For this purpose, biodiesel was prepared from Makapuno through transesterification reaction by using 100 g Makapuno oil,  20% methanol (wt % with respect to Makapuno oil), 1% potassium hydroxide catalyst at temperature condition of 60ºC, reaction time of 2 hours and agitation speed of 500 rpm (revolutions per minute). The experiment was carried out for three times and the average result was evaluated. The highest yield was found to be 86.5%. Moreover, the physicochemical properties of Makapuno oil as well as Makapuno biodiesel (MBDF) were evaluated by determination of important properties such as kinematic viscosity at 40ºC, acid value and fatty acid profile. The results showed that MBDF exhibited fuel properties within the limits prescribed by the latest American Standards for Testing Material (ASTM), European standards (EN) and Japanese Industrial Standards. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analytical result showed that methyl laurate (C12:0) and methyl myristrate (C14:0) were the two major components of MBDF. These obtained results demonstrated the potential of Makapuno as good feedstock for biodiesel production in the Mekong River Delta.

The study ?the assessment of carbon accumulation of Malaleuca forest on peat soil at U Minh Thuong National Park? was carried out in order to estimate carbon accumulation of two age levels (under ten and over ten years) of forests. The analyzedparameters including diameter of breast height (DBH1.3m); height, density, biomass, litterfall of Melaleuca and shrubs were collected in 40 standard quadrats (10m x 10m). results showed that under10-year-olds forest had higher density (5,940 individual per ha) than that of over 10-year-olds (4,440). In contrast, the DBH1.3m and height of 10-year-olds forest were lower than that of the other age, with 4.99 cm and 5.21 m compared with 6.16 cm and 6.24m, respectively. There was insignificantly different litterfall between the two age of forests ranging from 1.57 to 1.61 ton per ha. Similar to litterfall, carbon accumulation of two age of Melaleuca forests was insignificant discrepancy with figures fluctuated between 26.05 and 26.92 ton C per ha. Nine plant species in under 10-year-olds forest and ten species in over 10-year-olds forest were found, with (Phragmites vallatoria (L.) Veldk.) and (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm) Bedd.) were common species.

The complex river and canal network of Can Tho city plays an important role in the city?s agricultural production. Therefore, it is very necessary to have a efficient data management system to manage the data of this network. However, at present this work is often done by hand with the large data and maps stored in paper documents. Thus, the water management gets a lot of difficulty, especially some tasks like updating, querying, and sharing data in both spatial and nonspatial information. The WebGIS application was built by using ASP.NET programming language, the spatial database on SQL Server 2008, and the open source library SharpMap, with many powerful features that support to design the WebGIS interface used for designing online map web pages more visually and lively. Using the web interface, users can do statistics on the data, and create the thematic maps of rivers, canals, dikes, and drains by clicking on maps, ticking checkboxes, selecting from dropdownlists, or typing in textboxes to display the results anywhere and anytime.

The objective of the study is to evaluate socio-economic status of households and benefit-cost ratio of land use types on the acid sulphate soils at Minh Thuan commune in buffer zone of U Minh Thuong National Park, Kien Giang province. The standardized questionnaire was applied to collect the data. Results of study showed that the society and economy of study area developed slowly. Most of local people were poor and characterized by less favorite condition for farming (in terms of farming infrastructure) and low education and science technology. Seven land use types were selected in study region such as: traditional rice crop (LUT 1), rice + sugarcane + pineapple crops (LUT 2), rice + ginger (LUT 3), rice + sugarcane + ginger (LUT 4), sugarcane + pineapple crops (LUT 5), sugarcane + Ginger (LUT 6), and upland crop (LUT 7). The results of household interviews showed that upland crops had greatest profit with average at 59.000 million VND/ha and the second was pineapple crops with average profit at 33.062 million VND/ha, which was followed by sugarcane crop with average profit at 18.541 million/ha. However, the pineapple has the greatest capital efficiency with B/C ratio at 2.09, which is followed by the upland crops with B/C ratio at 1.36 and the sugarcane crop with B/C ratio at 0.58. Benefit of rice was very low, ranging from 4.221 to 4.347 million VND/ha, and rice was also characterised as the lowest capital efficiency with B/C at 0.33 to 0.47.

Au nano catalysts on MgO, ZrO2, and MgO supports mixed with HZSM-5 and ZrO2 were synthesized by the gold sol method using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a stabilizer. Acidic properties of the supports were determined by the NH3 temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD). Catalytic activity for CO oxidation at low temperature conditions was investigated. The results showed that the acidic properties affected catalytic activity for CO oxidation at low temperature and MgO exhibited the best performance on the ability of CO oxidation at room temperature.

Aquaculture is one of the most profitable industries in the An Giang province and key economic sectors not only to bring high profit to farmers but also to increase economic efficiency for the province. It is necessary to manage and detect aquaculture area changes to support management and predict timely changing of the province's aquaculture. This study aims to use the LANDSAT ETM+ imagery to develop spatial aquaculture distribution and evaluate the changes from 2008 to 2012. The obtained results showed that aquaculture area increased from 1,937 ha in 2008 to 2,173 ha in 2010 and reduced to 2,038 ha in 2012. The image classification was assessed with high reliability from 70% to 83.33% between 2008 and 2012. Besides, combining between real data and classified data were evaluated the application and image classification for aquaculture spatial distribution mapping in the An Giang province.

We report the simulation results of the field-effect transistor (FET) with various gate structures in order to find the FETs having the best electrical properties. We changed the ?gate configuration" with different arrangement gates (single-gate, double-gate, ordinary triple-gate, Pi-gate, omega-gate and gate all around (GAA)). Based on the simulation data, we drawn the Volt-Ampere characteristics lines (I-V). Then, we calculated the physical parameters affecting the operation of FETs including: threshold voltage, subthreshold slope, saturation currents, the on-off current ratio. Our simulations showed that the gate all around structure has better properties than the other structures, especially this structure restricts the short-channel effects.

This research was conducted in the Vinh Chau town, Soc Trang province to assess the current exploitation, utilization and management of groundwater resources (GWR), and then to analyze the possible challenges in GWR management in the future. Secondary and primary data were collected from local authorities and from the interviews of households and local managers. The results show that potential storage of GWR in Vinh Chau is lower than that of the provincial average; and the current GWR exploitation for domestic, agricultural, aquacultural and other purposes account for 94.5%, 33.6%, 14.5% and 3.6%, respectively. The exploitation volume in Vinh Chau accounts for about 20% of potential storage which was found to reach the sustainable exploitation level. In 2009, about 66% of area and 65% of population in the province are found to be in the water deficit situation, including the Vinh Chau town. In addition, GWR management in Vinh Chau is also found to be not adequate, especially in issuing licenses for GWR exploitation. Moreover, the awareness of local people and information about safe exploitation, rational use and protection of GWR has been found to be limited (only 0.1% of interviewed households have known about safe exploitation). Therefore, the pressure on GWR management becomes more and more significant, especially under the perspectives of economic development and population growth, climate change and sea level rise.

A storage silo nowadays is known as a useful device for storing raw materials and products of rice and rice bran oil processing plants in theMekongDelta. However, most existing storage silos at the plant were imported with high investment costs, and lacked ventilation inside the silo, especially those for rice bran storage in rice bran oil processing plants. The objective of this study is to design a rice bran storage silo with capacity of 500 tons for the storage and preservation of rice bran for bran oil extraction process. This designed silo is based on Eurocode standards, having the ability to withstand winds of 160 km/h and earthquake of magnitude between 6 to 7 on the Richter scale. The designed silo also has the ventilation structures to decrease and limit the rehydration of the product, prevent clots and clogs when storing bran pellets. The designed silo has the diameter of 8.09 m; the overall height of 27.73 m; and the wall thickness of 10 mm, 8 mm, and 6 mm, respectively at different heights. The silo is made of CT3 plate steel. This investment cost is lower than that of imported silos.

The purpose of this study is to establish the hight control serving the topographic mapping for Ghenh Rang Resort, Quy Nhon City, Binh Dinh Province. The study was performed with the combination of the high measure method and total station to measure directly in the field, then using the specialized softwares such as DPSurvey 2.8 and MicroStation in order to process the data and establish the hight control. The project generalizes the procedures and methods of establishing the hight control for an area, the result of the study shows the hight control diagram with the scale map of 1:500, the control network diagram of the closed mesh pass with 8 height mark, while two basis Cadastral control points are the DCI - 86 and DCII ? 534, the coordinate and the altitude of the control points are calculated from two known basis Cadastral points. With the exact calculation combined with the scientific and specific evaluation about the measurement result, the hight control of the Ghenh Rang Resort, Quy Nhon City, Binh Dinh Province will be an important basis for measuring and establishing the topographic map of this area.

The aim of this study is to assess the state of groundwater (GW) resources based on the actual exploitation and usage in the Vinh Chau Town, Soc Trang Province. Data was collected by: (i) Field survey; and, (ii) Interview of households, experts, and managers. Statistical method was used for analysis. The results show that the GW extraction in Vinh Chau was the greatest level in the province (77.12 m3/day/km2). Common GW extraction and usage were: (i) For domestics: 99.1% and 95.5% of households in the dry and rainy seasons, respectively; (ii) For agriculture and aquaculture: 40.0% of households extracted GW for vegetable and rice ? vegetable farming system in dry season; but only 6.4% extracted for shrimp and shrimp ? rice farming system in the rainy season. Due to high amount of GW exploitation for agriculture and aquaculture in the dry season, GW level were found to be lowest causing many difficulties in extraction. At the present, Vinh Chau has no plan for GW extraction zoning. Therefore, uncontrol of GW exploitation has lead to difficulties in GW resources management and made the water levels decline seriously.

This study showed the effects of cross-linker and plasticizer ratio on tensile mechanical properties and water absorption of biodegradable polymers. Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA), cassava starch, glutaraldehyde (glu) and glycerol (gly) were used as materials in this study. By using melt-blending method, the samples were prepared by polydrive (Haake) and hydraulic pressurised machine (Panstone). The results showed that using crosslinker and plasticizer significantly improved the tensile mechanical properties and reduced water absorption of the products (Biodegraded polymer). The biodegradation of this material was also investigated. The results showed that the biodegradability of the products was better in mud than in moist soil environment. Due to the influence of cross-linker, biodegradation of samples with cross-linked added was slower than that of without cross-linked added samples. Morphology of the surface and the structure of samples before and after biodegradation under studied experimental conditions, including before and after crosslinker added were observed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope).

Results of study showed that eight promising land use types were selected for physical land evaluation in the Co Do district where three land suitability zones were identified. Via the application of optimal mathematics algorithm, each land use type with its optimal area could be identified according to the actual natural resources and other constraints in the Co Do district. In addition, land use types were evaluated in terms of economic outcome with reference to present, showing an increased gross- margin, leading to increased benefit of these land use types. Regarding to social effect, the obtained showed the increase in average income per farmer. In addition, result of study also illustrated a proper procedure to combine the physical land evaluation and optimal mathematics algorithm in the Co Do district and land use types with optimal benefit rely on natural resources and constraints were selected for agricultural land use planning.

Gold nanoparticles were synthesised by a redox method using gold chloride, extract of lemon, and polyvinylpyrrolidone as a stabilizer. The optimal conditions for synthesis of gold nanoparticle was obtained, including the ratio of lemon juice to Au+ of 1:1,  reaction time of 45 minutes, and reaction temperature of 65oC. UV-Vis spectrophotometer was used to detect the concentration of Au ions. The maximum of adsorption peaks were obtained in a range of 538 to 570 nm. At the optimal conditions, gold nanoparticles were analyzed using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to observe the surface characteristics. The average diameter of gold nanoparticles was 13,6 ± 5,48 nm that was determined by the TEM image and an imageJ software.

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of 17 soybean lines/cultivars (MTD 176, MTD 720, MTD 748-1, MTD 751, MTD 760-4, MTD 767-2, MTD 775-2, MTD 860-1, MTD 865-3, MTD 868-1, MTD 878-2, MTD 878-8, MTD 878-10, MTD 878-11, MTD 878-15, MTD 878-22 and MTD 885-1) on yield components in the autumn-winter crop season of 2013 under the soil condition of Hung Thanh precinct, Cai Rang district, Cantho city. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that there were the significant differences (P

Study on the status of the exploitation and management of marine resources in Bac Lieu province were performed from 8/2012 to 8/2013, to analyze financial and technical aspects of trawls and gillnet under and over 90CV. In this study, 120 fishermen were interviewed directly. The results showed that trawls contributed 36.4% of ships (442) and gillnet with 59.6% (723 ships). The number of ships annually fluctuated around 4%, increasing about 48 ships per year.  Total capacities fluctuated around 3.51%, increasing from 106,000 CV to 154,000 CV with the average increase of 5,330 CV per year. The yield gained yearly from trawls over 90 CV was 96,540 kg/ship and bringing about 143 million VND in profit; whereas, the yield and profit trawl net under 90 CV were about 33,933 kg/ship and bringing about 87 million VND, respectively. The yield and profit gained yearly from gillnet over 90 CV were about 81,318 kg/ship and 831 million VND, respectively; whereas they were 10,294 kg/ship and 203 million VND from trawls under 90 CV.

The study ?The effect of nitrogen sources on the growth and yield of two OM4900 and MTL612 rice varieties? was conducted to determine the favorable source of nitrogen for the growth and yield of these varieties. The experiment was carried out by using the two- factorial completely randomized design with four replications per treatment. The first factor included two rice varieties (OM4900 and MTL612) and the second factor included five nitrogen sources [(1) No nitrogen (for control), (2) 0.2 g N/pot of Dau Trau Golden N 46A+, (3) 0.1g N/pot of Dau Trau Golden N 46A+ combined with Dasvila biofertilizer (containing the nitrogen-fixing Azospirillum lipoferum and phosphate-solubilizing Pseudomonas stutzeri), (4) 0.2 g N/pot of urea, and (5) 0.1 g N/pot of urea combined Dasvila biofertilizer]. Results showed that the application of 0.1 g N/pot (equivalent to 40 kg N/ha) of urea combined with Dasvila biofertilizer gave the plant height, number of shoots, yield (23.28 g/pot) and economic efficiency higher than application of other nitrogpen sources.

This study aimed to determine the suitable salinity for the development and formation of biofloc in fertilized ponds. The experiment was conducted at four different salinities (35, 60, 80 and 100 ppt) with 3 replicates per treatment and lasted for 21 days. Earthen ponds with area of 150 m2, water column of 30 cm were fertilized with chicken manure together tapioca to maintain the C:N ratio of ? 10. Results showed that the environmental factors (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH) were suitable for the formation and development of biofloc. The C:N ratio ranges from 5 to 9. The TOC content at 35 ppt (20.21 to 50.5 mg/L) was less than at higher salinity (40 to 74.89 mg/L). The mean value of TSS and VSS were 20 to 670 mg/L and 7 to 126.6 mg/L, respectively and there was no significant difference among the treatments at day 18 and 21 (p>0.05). Total bacteria counts reached highest number at day 15 (4.1 log CFU/ml), the maximum volume of biofloc ranged from 0.4 to 0.5 ml and no significant difference among treatments (p>0.05). Vibrio, Bacillus, Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter were found in all salinities, in which Bacillus presented with highest proportion. The ratio of un-known bacteria at salinity ? 60 ppt were very high (63-100%). At high salinity (80-100 ppt), floc size was smaller (32.5 - 61.5 àm wide; 61.3 - 97.9 àm long) than at low salinity (52,3 - 71.0 àm wide; 76.7 - 105.3 àm long). Proximate compositions analysis showed the low proportions of protein (8.5 to 17.4%) and lipid (0.65 to 1.08%), whereas ash content was very high (67.1 to 86.4%).

An on-station trial was conducted in the experimental farm of Can Tho University to determine the effect of probiotic (Sotizyme) supplementation on sow reproductive performance. Twenty four Landrace-Yorkshire sows at the 2nd and 3rd farrowing and at the lactation period were used in this study. The experimental diet included 2 groups: with and without Sotizyme supplement. Piglets were weaned at 28 days old for both groups. Results showed that mean live weight and weight gain per piglet (kg) were significantly (p

A series of studies were conducted to determine the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of protein and energy content in formulated feed ingredients of mudskipper, Pseudapocryptes elongatus (6.67 ± 0.01g). The feed ingredients included Kien Giang fish meal (FM), defatted soybean meal (SBM), meat bone meal (MBM), canola meal (CM), dried rice bran (RB), defatted rice?bran (DRB), wheat bran (WB) and wheat flour (WF). Two experiments were set up at the same salinity of 10? and water temperature at 29oC. The first experiment aimed to determine ADCs of protein and energy of mudskipper with four ingredients (FM, SBM, MBM and CM). Similarly, the second experiment was conducted with RB, DRB, WB and WF. Results indicated that the ADCs of protein and energy of mudskipper using FM were better than other ingredients. Protein?s ADCs were high in FM (94.5%), CM (91.2%), SBM (88.6%), and low in MBM (81.5%). Energy?s ADCs was high in FM (91.8%), followed by CM (86.2%), and low in SBM (79.4%) and MBM (78.4%). In the second experiment, ACDs of protein and energy in fish feeding RB and DRB were significantly lower than WB and WF (p

Among the bioflocculant-producing bacteria in protein medium isolated from sedimentary catfish pond in 10 provinces of Mekongdelta, three strains having flocculating rates over 70% were selected to study the factors which influenced on the flocculation rates. The maximum bioflocculating rates were recorded at an optimum pH of 6 in the presence of NaCl. Starch, glutamic acid, KCl were used as the best carbon, nitrogen and mineral source for these bioflocculant-producing strains. Besides, the dosage which gave the highest flocculation rates was low (0,08% - 0,10%) with all examined isolates. After being optimized, the highest flocculating rates of strains Bacillus megaterium AGT08P, Bacillus megaterium DTT07P and combination of DTT07P-AGT08P that achieved for kaolin suspension were 80,23% - 83,17%  and 50,77% ? 52,75% for catfish pond water. When applying to catfish pond water treatment in the laboratory, these strains and combination reduced the TSS and COD content in water of catfish pond in the range of 48,19% - 68,60% and 31,81% - 63,27%  in comparison to those of the control, respectively.

This study was conducted to determine suitable ages of Nypa palm inflorescence for producing sap by tapping practice in Cang Long district, Tra Vinh province from February 2011 to August 2012. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with five treatments by using the age of inflorescence at the time when tapping practice was applied, i.e. 1.5; 3.0; 4.5; 6.0 months after blooming (AB) and a control (4.5 months AB without tapping practice), with five replications, each of which equals to three inflorescences. The tapping practice involves bending the peduncle toward one direction 12 times, then tenderly tapping the peduncle longitudinally 64 times on both sides with a wood bar, and finally four times of tapping into the stalk of the peduncle at one consistent point. The practices were applied every 2 days within 5 weeks. Results indicated that the inflorescences which were not applied with tapping practice did not produce sap. Applying the practice at 4.5 to 6 months of the AB age gave highest values of the sap yield with an average of 1.086 ml/day and 959 ml/day, the harvesting period of 30.3 and 26.8 days and the Brix degree of 11.3 and 13.1%, respectively. Tapping practice at different ages of inflorescence did not affect the Brix, pH, and total dissolved solids of sap.   

A previous study of the same author on morphological characteristics of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) strains suggested that morphological differences between square-head climbing perch (SHCP) and wild strains could be within-species diversity. This study aimed to test this hypothesis based on sequence comparison of three DNA barcoding genes in mitochondrial (Cytochrom C oxidase subunit 1, COI, and Cytochrome b, Cyt b) and nuclear DNA (Rhodopsin, Rho) between SHCP and wild climbing perch strains sampled in different provinces in the Mekongdelta. Three haplotypes of COI (15 samples), three of Cty b (21 samples), and only one haplotype of Rho(7 samples) were found. Sequence alignment showed very high degree of identity (99 ? 100%) in three genes of SHCP and wild strains. COI and Cyt b sequences of climbing perch samples in the study were >99% identical to those of Anabas testudineus available in Genbank and BOLD system (www.boldsystem.org). These results proved that square head and normal climbing perch phenotypes are the same species.

Objectives of this study were to determine NPK removals and evaluate the yield response of mung bean in three soil types based on the omission technique. A 22 factorial experiment in a completely randomized design including four fertilizer treatments (NPK, NP, NK and PK) and three soil types (Arenosols, Lixisols and Ferralsols) was conducted in the greenhouse of College of Agriculture and Applied Biology, Can Tho University. Results showed that the grain contents (%) of NPK were ranked following the order of Lixisols (3.50, 0.17 & 0.31%), Arenosols (3.88, 0.18 & 0.36%) and Ferralsols (3.35, 0.16 & 0.35%) in NPK treatment. The grain yields of mung bean in NPK treatment were 7.24, 8.43 and 5.97 g/pot in Arenosols, Lixisols and Ferralsols, respectively. Along with the grain yield in these soil types, NPK uptakes per pot of mung bean fluctuated in 302 - 495 mgN, 15 - 27 mgP2O5 and 50 ? 90 mgK2O. Based on yield response of mung bean in the omission treatments of nutrients, results showed that no nitrogen and phosphorus application gave the lowest yield in all soil types, but no potassium fertilization lead to the lowest yield in Arenosols and Ferralsols. Yield responses of NPK fertilizer were 2.60 ? 3.40 g/plot, 0.93 ? 1.55 g/plot and 0.50 ? 1.99 g/plot, respectively.

This study was conducted to observe the embryo development and evaluate the effects of different types of substrates on hatching process of the black apple snail (Pila polita). Hatching process of snail eggs took place around 12-13 days. Different substrates were used to incubate snail eggs as follow: 1). Banana trunks, 2). Water hyacinth roots; 3). Coirs; 4). Nylon bunches. Egg mass were located on substrates and laid into 12 rectangular PVC tanks (3 egg mass/tank). Hatching rate of snail eggs in coir substrates (82.1%) was significantly higher (P

Acute toxicity of TAN for fingerling (8.1±0.15g) of Tra catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus at pH 6, 7 and 8 were conducted in static non-renewed system with 3 replication during 96h in water temperature range of 26.6-28.9oC. pH was controlled by automatically adjustment system with NaOH 0.1M and H2SO4 0.1M. TAN was prepared from NH4Cl. The results showed that LC50-96h of TAN at pH 6, 7 and 8 were 1,263.2; 257.7 and 52 mg/L, respectively. pH affects the toxicity of TAN, the higher pH value the higher toxicity of TAN. Our findings also indicate that Tra catfish is very high TAN tolerance.

Recently many food and food products derived from GMOs (genetically modified organism) have increased in the market. Their harmful effects to public health and the environment were proven in some scientific reports. Therefore the identification of transgenic products being circulated in the market is necessary. Testing on GMOs in foods and feeds is routinely done using molecular techniques. To survey and detect the transgenic products from animal feeds and foods, 10 samples of commercial animal feeds were randomly collected from Binh Duong province and Can Tho city, and 10 formulae of self-mixed animal feeds containing from 1% to 100% transgenic soybean were used in this study. The GMO products were detected by PCR with 4 sets of primers including Lectin, 35S promoter, Bt gen, and Nos terminator. The results showed that in self-mixed animal feeds, 35S promoter and Bt gene primers can detect transgenic products at the levels of 1% and 5%, respectively. In commercial animal feeds, 8 out of 10 products carried the 35S promoter and 7 out of 10 products carried the Nos terminator sequence. The study proved that almost all animal feeds contained transgenic soybean. Four sets of primers namely Lectin, 35S promoter, Bt gen, and Nos terminator can be used effectively in order to detect GMOs.

Study was conducted in 18 standard squares of three regions: Ky Da spring, Ham Ninh mountain side and Hon Chao mountain side of thePhuQuocNational Park. 331 vascular plant species belonging to 197 genera of 80 families in 4 phyla were collected and classified. Results of the study has supplemented 47 species to the list of plants ofPhuQuocNational Park. Lists of useful plants and endangered plants were also recorded including 247 useful species (74.62% of total sample) and 13 species listed in the "Red Book ofVietnam" (2007) accounting for 3.93% of the surveyed species. Plant community structure in this primeval forest has also been studied with 4 dominion of forest vegetation. 

Intercultural communicative competence (ICC) plays an influential role in affecting students? attitudes, socio-linguistic skills and communicative competence in a variety of communicative contexts in real life (Burwitz-Melzer, 2001). It has been observed that many foreign language (English) learners have not succeeded in real communication with foreigners despite their long time of study and their rich linguistic knowledge. This would probably prohibit their work effectiveness in reality. Therefore, in order to improve the outcomes of foreign language learning, it is urgent for learners to be integratedly trained with intercultural competence on a regular basis. On researching the notion and model of ICC, this paper aimed to partly reflect the current situation of classroom practice in Vietnam learning context in regards to intercultural competence training, share professional experiences and make useful suggestions to improve the educational practices.

Approaching and discovering are teaching strategies which have attracted teachers all over the world. Mathematical problems are instruments which can be used to develop students? knowledge and thinking. In teaching mathematics, what teachers do to supervise students in identifying problems and proposing potential solutions to problems is very important. In this article, we introduce some strategies which might help students be able to identify problems and propose solutions to problems in lessons of theorem and geometry grade 10.

Research activities conducted by students at theSchoolofEducation, Can Tho University were investigated in this study. 110 male and female students in natural and social science education programs participated in the study. Nonparametric test was used to compare means from participants? assessment of research activities and factors influencing students? research activities. 77,3% participants agreed that the number of research projects by students did not match the potential research capacity of students in spite of strong encouragement of  party committee and manager team. No significant difference between mean rank of participants? assessing student research activities between two genders and between natural and social sciences education programs were found. Participants agreed that research topics were the most important factor affecting research activities. The mean rank of male and female students for 5 factors was significant different, and a similar trend was found in participants from natural and social science education programs. Two-thirds students agreed that research topics could come from their daily activities; the mean gained in this respect from participants in natural science education programs was significant higher than those from social sciences.  Most students agreed that learning abilities and enthusiasm have a role in students? research capacity.

This paper presents the results of using conceptual teaching method in calculus lessons of grade 11 with the support of GeoGebra software. The study was conducted in two classes of equivalent level at Phan Van Hung High school in Soc Trang, academic year 2012-2013. Data was collected from classroom observations, lessons-in- progress analysis, and interviews with about the effects of teaching with the support of GeoGebra. The results showed that some elements of teaching calculus with the support of GeoGebra software was feasible. GeoGebra software also facilitated students in acquiring the knowledge under instruction, from which they can explore concepts, definitions, and enhance the outcomes of learning activities.

This research was based on 800 survey samples about habits, abilities to use English materials, demands of undergraduate and graduate students at Can Tho University. The result showed that two groups of study surveyed had a little disparity in both habits and abilies to read English materials. These two groups both admitted having many difficulties in reading materials in foreign languages such as lack of effective reading methods, limited reading skills, depending greatly on dictionary, lack of supplementing general knowledge, and so on. Based on these analytic results above, the group of authors stated measures and proposals in order to support theLearningResourceCenter's (LRC),Can Tho University (CTU) establishment of policy which supplements appropriate materials in foreign languages to meet the demands of learning and researching of these two groups.

Preschool education plays an important role for education in the new era to meet the requirements of industrialization and modernization of the country. Since the country's innovation particularly in the period 1995 - 2000, preschool education of the Mekong Delta has made significant changes and gained many achievements. In addition to achievements, some limitations remain, but the period 1995 - 2000 witnessed the sharp positive change of preschool education in the Mekong Delta.

This paper analysed the factors influencing the development of sea tourism in Kien Giang province. The results provided local authorities, tourism management boards, tourist companies, tourist service companies, and local communities with the practical data to execute some solutions to enhancing the quality of sea tourism development conditions to attract more and more tourists to Kien Giang and increase the number of tourits to revisit this destination.

This study aimed to find out factors affecting the study for a certificate in English of the students at the School of Economic and Business Administration of Can Tho University. Data was collected from 160 students; factor analysis approach was used in the study.  The study also attempted to confirm the value by estimating and classifying student groups in light of their differences in assessing the importance of factors involved in English learning through the ANOVA Test. Research results showed that three out of six analysed factors were significantly different. Particularly, a significance difference between the two groups of students in their assessing practice application, interest and entertainment, and learning difficulties was found.

In this paper, we present methods which may assist students in establishing and developing procedural knowledge and the results of using these methods in teaching space coordinate. As a result, we propose teachers to organize some teaching activities which might assist students in raising their awareness of problems, discovering, constructing and mastering knowledge of space coordinate from geometry lessons in grade 12 and in mathematics in general. These methods also support students in enhancing knowledge, building and progressing perceptive methods in solving mathematical questions and related realities.

Creative thinking is a form of independent thinking, which creates unique new ideas and effective solutions to problems. to psychologist and educational researchers, creative is composed of 5 features: flexibility, skillfulness, uniqueness, perfection and sensibility. This paper presents the results of an experiment in which some methods were used to train critical thinking for high school students in trigonometry equation lessons. The study was conducted at the 11B2 class (42 students), Binh Thuy, Can Tho city, academic year 2012-2013. Results showed that even a teaching method could be very familiar to teachers, it needs to be used in a flexible way in different lessons and classes so as to enhance students activeness and students learning.

Son Vuong was a writer in the southern part ofVietnamin the1930s. In the dawn of National Language Literature, despite his late and ephemeral appearance compared to others, he really made his important contributions to the definition of narrative prose in this literary tradition. Son Vuong?s short novels reflected a strong inspiration about contemporary life. He also managed to generalize people?s life and behaviours (often in a negative sense) in the transitional epoch. In addition, Southern cities in the beginning of the twentieth century were depicted in his works in an authentic and interesting way. Influenced by a belief that the good would defeat the bad, his literary compositions used to encourage people to live benevolently and avoid evil acts. Despite many problems towards the artistic features, Son Vuong?s works still possessed some typical artistic features which could make them blend with the flow of South Vietnam?s narrative proses and contribute to shaping the unique characteristics of the regional literature in the embryo of modernization.

To overcome weaknesses in using lecturing as a principal method in teaching students the course Revolutionary Policies of the Vietnamese Communist Party at Dong Thap university, making presentation an active teaching method is important. The proposed method is the combination of presentation with students? awareness-raising activities and modem teaching facilities, which could limit weaknesses of the presentation method, ensure the features of course and promote positive earers? Activeness.

Madame Anh Tho was a talented poet in the tribune of poetry in Vietnamfrom the early 1930s of the 20th century. According to her reminiscences, we could meet with a woman who posed both traditional and modern characteristics. Anh Tho?s reminiscences realistically pictured many aspects in her life. For her teachers and schools, Anh Tho had a lot of childhood memories and had a close relations with female teachers when she studied at the first school ? Kinh Mon school. In literature, she was not only a talented poet but he also composed a lot of dramas and novels ect  For love, Anh Tho was eager to look for an ideal love, highly valued sincerity, tolerance and forginess in love She were longing for her sweetheart, a close friend in arts and a companion on the revolutionary path. The family was an important part in her life. She loved, better took care of her family members, and took her full responsibilities for looking after her parents and siblings, even when she had her own family. Aware of the revolutionary idiology, she was a true activist in the community activities and dared to go into the danngerous battles to devote her life to the revolution and to her writing. To Anh Tho?s reminiscences, we have found out that her entire life was in a rough travelling. Most interestingly, she was dedicated her whole life to her writing and fellows.

Since academic year 2007-2008, Can Tho University has implemented the credit-based training system. the system has since then created active and initiative learning environment for students. Based on the data of the survey on 550 students of key training programs offered by Schools and Faculties of the university, the present paper reports the results of an investigation into students? satisfaction with the present training system and future adjustments to the system. It is found that many students satisfied with managing the training procedure, teaching, learning and evaluating activities of the system. However, many students did not satisfy with the training programs and training support services. Most students agreed with the plan to increase the number of credits on professional knowledge in the training programs and the time duration to sign up for units of study, select lecturers, organize evaluation activities and develop soft-skills for the students.

Recently, gastronomy has become one among factors attracting tourists. This research is aimed to find out the uniqueness ofVietnamfood in order to help efficiently launch marketing activities forVietnamtourism. There are limited number of research on this new field of study, qualitative approach seems to be the best choice. In-depth interview with semi-structure questionnaire has been used and the research employs both qualitative and quantitative methods for data analysis. Results show that ?good taste? and ?variety of indigrient combination? are two most frequent emerged theme of uniqueness from tourist?s perception forVietnamfood. Specially, ?good for health? is the unique attribute ofVietnamfood. Thus, it is necessary to emphasize these terms inVietnamdestination marketing activities.

Survey data collected from 120 lotus farm households in the Dong Thap province indicates that the average yield of the first crop is4,183 kilogramsper hectare and of the second crop is3,683 kilogramsper hectare. The average income in the first and the second crop is around 20.5 million and 54 million dongs per hectare, respectively. This significant difference in income is chiefly due to the difference in the output price between the two crops. The average revenues/costs ratios of the first and the second crop is 3.34 and 7.35, respectively. The estimated stochastic production frontier function shows that production factors influencing on the yield of both crops are the amounts of seeds, costs of fertilizers, pesticide and family labor. The level of technical efficiency computed from the stochastic production frontier function is 86.81% for the first crop and 85.33% for the second crop. Inefficiency loss in the first crop is1,280 kilogramsper hectare, in the second crop about1,027 kilogramsper hectare. The level of economic efficiency obtained from the stochastic profit frontier function is 82.18% and 82.99% for the first and second crop, respectively. Inefficiency loss in the first crop is 5.6 million dongs per hectare, in the second crop about 13.89 million dongs per hectare. The factors influencing economic efficiency of farms households are education, cultivated area and credit.

This study is aimed aims to determine the factors affecting the satisfaction of farming households to bank branches in Tieu Can district, Tra Vinh province. The data of study were collected from 198 farmers who are customers of the branches. From combined analyses of exploratory factor (EFA) and multiple regression, there are four factors satisfying the farmers to the bank branches, including: reliability and assurance, responsibility, empathy, tangible means. Particularly, reliability and assurance are the most satisfied factors of the households to the bank branches of Tieu Can district.

The objective of this study was to determine the factors affecting online shopping behavior of consumers in Can Tho city. Research data was collected from 130 consumers (100 online shopping consumers and 30 off-line shopping consumers). Factor analysis, regression analysis and discriminant analysis methods were used to determine factors affecting online shopping behavior of consumers in Can Tho city. Research results showed that factors such  as financial and product risk, diverse selection of goods, belief, responsiveness of the site, the time risk, the comfort, the convenience, price affect the consumers decision to continue (or begin) online shopping. In particular, the comfort factor had the greatest impact to the online shopping behavior.

The aim of study is to assess the real situation of hunger and poverty among the Khmer ethnic group in the Mekong delta region of Vietnam and to propose some solutions to the problems of hunger and poverty among this group. The study shows that, in some provinces of theMekongdelta with large Khmer populations, the problem of hunger and poverty among the Khmer ethnic group remain acute. Moreover, the work of hunger eradication and poverty alleviation among the Khmer population in this area has not been pursued in a sustainable way, and thus it remains a high proportion of households at risk of falling back into poverty each year.

In the project lifecycle, the construction phase makes up a sizeble rate of workloads. The achieved values of this stage are manifested through the investment costs and the operating duration, which mostly decides the whole project?s success. This study, by determining elements that affect the costs as well as the duration of the project, is to help the managers to manage their work flexibly. By factor analysis method and statisticaltests, the study indicates that there are 4 factors influencing the costs and 3 factors affecting on the duration of the project during the construction phase.

Understanding the impact of tourism on the quality of life of local people is very important and urgent because very the local people is an important factor in attracting tourists. Factor analysis results show that the quality of life of the people in Vinh Long is composed of five groups of factors including: (i) income sources, (ii) protection awareness, (iii) the quality of the living environment, (iv) living standards, and (v) personal life. Under the impact of tourism, income, protection awareness and living standards get better (positive impact of tourism). Individual lifestyle factors are generally unaffected by tourism. In contrast, habitat quality is negatively affected by tourism. Meanwhile, this factor (the quality of the living environment) is the most important component of the quality of life. So, for sustainable development, itneeds suitable measures to improve the living environment for the residents.

The study is aimed to give proper awareness and the effective use of labor and employment issues in rural areas. Methods of analysis and synthesis of secondary data sources (documents research) were applied. The research results show that: (1) rural labor is involved in all production  activities in the sectors of agriculture, industry and; (2) employment is all kind of activities generating incomes not prohibited by law; (3) in 2012, the number of employees in the working age accounted for 61.5% of population, of which 16.7% was trained and 1.5% was underemployed; (4) factors affecting employment include population and population structure, advances in science and technology, natural resources, vocational training, and job creation policies.

This study is aimed to evaluate the customers? satisfaction on financial products and services supplied by branches of Vietbank in Ho Chi Minh city, Soc Trang province and Can Tho city. The data for this project are collected from interviewing 323 customers. After analysing Cronbach?s Alpha and EFA, the relevanted factors are transferred to binary logistic model to evaluate the customers? satisfaction. The results show that customers? satisfaction is mainly influenced by facilities, service capacity, reliability, responsibility, price. Finally, based on the outcome of this study and customers? comments, the papers would like to propose some solutions to enhance the satisfaction of customers.

Althought women play crucial role in economic development, at somewhere, having obstacles to women?s participation in labour force (WPLF), especially poor women. This study is aimed at identifying the individual, family, socio-economic determinants of poor women?s work in Can Tho. Data from the study were collected from a survey on 125 women living in poor, near-poor and escaped-poor household in Can Tho. Research methods include descriptive statistics, independent sample T-test, Chi-squared test, Cronbach's Alpha test, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and binary logistic regression. Research results showed that five of independent variables leading the poor women joined to economic activities includes: (1) gender awareness, (2) education, (3) family type, (4) number of children in age group 7-22, (5) total family income. Women in labour force have more social capital than otherwise, however, there's no statistic significance between social captital and WPLF. Similarly, membership in WomenUnionis a non significant independent variable, although correlated with WLFP.

The aim of this paper is to compare and analyze factors that affect consumer choice for shopping at different types of traditional markets and supermarkets in Can Tho City. The research data was collected from a group of 198 consumers in Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City. Cronbach's Alpha test, EFA Analysis and Discriminant Analysis model were applied in this paper. The results of the survey shows that there are differences between the two groups of customers choosing to go shopping at either traditional markets or supermarket and seven factors involving the differences: (1) Age, (2) Reputation and service style, (3) Shopping space, (4) Average income per month, (5) Price and customer care policies, (6) Safety, (7) Quality and variety of goods.

The purpose of the study was to assess the status of the natural landscape, ecological environment, the eco-tourism destinations in Bac Lieu Province. By analyzing the reality to assess potential ecological tours in Bac Lieu province, on the basis of theoretical and practical summarizations, the study has established a scientific basis for the investigation and overall assessment in natural conditions, natural resources, and has found the tourist destinations likely to attract. On those bases, authorities, managers may do planning and development investment in sustainable eco-tourism, in order to make the potential tourist destinations more vibrant, attractive to domestic and foreign tourists. At the same time, the development of Bạc Lieu eco-tourism routes may help landscape restoration to create beautiful landscapes and enrich local ecosystems. This is very important for the development of eco-tourism in a sustainable way and, in long term, is the mainstay of the tourism industry inBacLieuProvince.

Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information Sytem (GIS) are two useful tools used in studies related to education, land use planning, natural resources management and agriculture. This paper presents the using AHP and GIS tools in classifying household?s economics and farmers? profile management in the low carbon rice production in An Giang province. Study results show that there are seven key factors impacting on rice famers? economics with the weights respectively: rice yield (0.336), fertilizer costs (0.209), pesticide costs (0.157), rice? selling price (0.115), rented labours (0.081), family labours (0.055) and seed costs (0.046). In which, rice yield and rice? selling price are positive impacted factors on households? economics. Different impact levels of factors on households? economics are presented using GIS sofwares and therefore, households? attribute data are stored and managed in the structure of GIS that allows querying and analyzing data with various purposes. AHP reveals current limitation of factors at specific households. Based on this, desirable solutions have been developed to improve the household?s economic capacity in the future. AHP and GIS are useful tools to group and manage households? economic information with respect to local conditions.

This research is aimed to test the factors impacting on organisational commitment of the office workers (intellectual labors working in the public and private companies) in Can Tho City. The study is based on primary data collection gathered from 160 office workers in Can Tho, and then processed with statitical tools in SPSS: descriptive statistics, internal reliability with Cronbach's Alpha, exploratory factor analysis, means comparison with t-test and correlation analysis. The results have identified five factors that affect general organisational commitment including: organisational culture, knowledge share, personality traits, employee relationship and organisational structure. The study also provides the basic steps for further studies in this field.

The world economic upheavalhas become more and more complications. Changes in the macro economy will greatly impact on economic stability and development of a country. Inflation, one of the factors of macro economy, is increasingly concerned and needed to forecast. Being aware of the importance of inflation, this paper uses the Box-Jenkins method (1970) to model and forecast the inflation rate in Viet Nam. The results showed that the best model is the ARIMA (1, 0, 1), (2, 0, 3) 12 and that in the next 12 months, inflation in Vietnam will insignificantly fluctuate, exceptthe first month of 2014. Despite this, the results of this research also partly provides practical information for investors as well as for the policy makers in finding appropriate solutions to prevent and minimize damage caused by inflation.

InVietnam, women play an important role in labor force of the society. Besides maternal role, women always indicate their capability in all aspects of social life. Results of a suvey on roles of women in household economic developing in Phung Hiep district, Hau Giang province showed that in activities of property and production management, women?s role accounted for the smaller proportion (25.3%) than that of men. Women spent as much time as 27.1% of their time daily on earning for their family. The study revealed that women rarely have a chance to participate in making decision of which advances of science and technology applied into their land. However, in financial resource management of the households, the role of women are always more appreciated; in most cases, the wife or both spouses together make decisions on their family?s financial use. Some possible solutions are suggested to enhance the role of women in household economic development in the study area.