In this paper we establish sufficient conditions for the solution set of parametric quasivariational inclusion problems to be semicontinuous and continuous. All kinds of semicontinuity are considered: lower semicontinuity, upper semicontinuity and closedness. Our results improve recent existing ones in the literature. Moreover, we investigate both the ?weak" and ?strong? solutions.

The aim of this study was developing a biological (mainly on enzyme activity) single component TTI in the pasteurization range (60 to 100oC) to evaluate the impact of the thermal process. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BAA)) were chosen to study and solvent engineering was applied to obtain the appropriate kinetic model. The effect of calcium ion on the enhancement of their thermal inactivation was observed. BAA (0.04 mg/mL in Tris HCl buffer pH 8.6, CaCl2 5 mM) under isothermal inactivation of BAA were described by first order kinetic model. The kinetic parameters estimated from the isothermal conditions are valid in dynamic condition. The one step non-linear regression was used to estimate the kinetic parameters of both Arrenius model and TDT model. In this study, the BAA system could be validated in non-isothermal condition with z-value is 15.12oC. To evaluate better the impact of thermal process, other TTI component should be studied and combined with this BAA system.

The study aims to give an understanding of a situation of migration in Hau Giang province, more specifically: the determinants of a decision to migrate, impacts of migration of family, and proposed solutions to improve the migrant?s living. This research has been perfomed based on the survey of 100 observations from Hau Giang province through the stratified sampling method. The study used descriptive statistics, crostabulation, and logistic analysis to analyze the data in order to achieve the objectives of this study. The findings of the study indicated that in spite of negative facts, the migration in Hau Giang province had many positive facts that need to improve. Simultaneously, some proposed solutions to migrated families are made regarding to look for a better environment of migration.

In this research, 3D temperature distributions in airspace and in product were investigated in relation to cooking values of ham. Industrial scale was applied in this research (volume of cooking chamber is 7.2m3 contained 700kg of ham), 36 wireless temperature sensors were used to record airspace temperature each 30 seconds and 8 wireless temperature sensors were used for core temperature at the same rate. During process, 3D visualisations of airspace were made. The uniformity of airspace temperature could read a level of 95% with the acceptable temperature difference of 1oC during core temperature is less, the diffrence of F values at several positions in cooking chamber reach to 34% which are affected on the uniformity of ham. Heat transfer coefficient can play a very important role in heat treatment of ham, it  is mainly related to the air flow pattern in cooking chamber and need to be controlled to have a uniformity of product characteristics.

RNA interference (RNAi) has been widely used to inhibit virus infection. To target White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in shrimp using RNAi, envelop protein gene VP28 was selected. To test if high level expression of the target gene could be inhibited using RNAi, the efficacy of selected dsRNAs were tested in insect cells using recombinant baculovirus expressing the WSSV VP28 from the polyhedrin promoter. Efficient silencing was demonstrated for gene target with levels of knock-down ranging from 80-100%.

From the ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of dried Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr., an isoflavone (4',5,7-trihydroxy isoflavone), an    sterol glycoside (b-sitosterol-3-O-b-glucopyranoside) and the other alkaloid [N-(2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl)urea] were isolated. Their structures were identified by their physicochemical properties and spectral data.

With the aim of surveying the quality of sugarcane plants change over time growth in Phung Hiep, Hau Giang, experiments were conducted to analyze and evaluate change the quality (Brix degree, saccharose content, reducing sugar, commercial cane sugar (CCS), total acid content in different parts of the sugar cane (the bottom, middle and the top of sugar cane). The change of cane sugar weight was monitored simultaneous during growth from 6 to 10 months. Experimental results show that sugarcane growth from 6 to 10 months, the concentration of soluble solid content increased from 12% to 18%. Sugar is 6 months old, average weight about 1 to 1.3 kg per tree and to 10 months the weight has almost doubled (from 1.8 to 2.2 kg per tree) compared to the initial weight. The commercial cane sugar (CCS) can be increased by 1 to 1.5 units during this period and the reducing sugar content decreased in half compared to the original content. Contrast, total acid concentration increased almost doubled (compared to the original value). Saccharose content and CCS in the bottom part of sugar cane virtually no change over time but these concentrations accelerated in the top of sugar cane during 6 to 10 months.

The effect of inoculation of Azospirillum on the yield of high yield rice (varietyOM 4655) grown in Bac Lieu province was determined through a field trial. The results showed that at 40 days after planting, the height of rice plants applied    100% N or inoculated with Azospirillum only or inoculated with Azospirillum plus 25%N was higher than the control. Number of panicle number/hill of rice applied high amount of nitrogen fertilizer was higher than those of rice inoculation with Azospirillum. Inoculated rice adding 25% nitrogen fertilizer supported the root length better than the rice plants added 100N or the control ones. Dry weight (DW) of root added 100% N or inoculated rice added 50% N were higher than other treatments significantly. DW of inoculated rice stalk added either 25% or 50%N were higher than those of rice added 100N. The length of panicle of rice was not different among the treatments. However, the amount of seed number/panicle of inoculated rice without fertilizer was the highest. The amount of seed number/panicle of rice added 100kgN/ha was the lowest. The no-seed grain number/panicle of rice added 100kgN was the highest. There was not significantly different between the yield of rice applied 100kgN and either inoculated with Azospirillum applied 25% or 50%N. However, yield of rice either applied nitrogen fertilizer or inoculation with Azospirillum was significantly different with the control. Yield of inoculated rice applied 25% or 50%N was the same yield of uninoculated rice applied 100kgN.

Study on the species composition of fishes distributed in the coastal areas of Soc Trang-Bac Lieu was carried out in 2008. Results show that there are 239 species belonging to 146 genus, 68 families and 18 orders. Perciformes (126 species, 52.72%); Clupeiformes (27 species, 11.29%); Pleuronectiformes (18 species, 7.53%); Scorpaeniformes (12 species, 5,02%); Tetraodontiformes (12 species, 5,02%); Mugiliformes (9 species, 3.76%); Anguilliformes (8 species, 3.35%); Siluriformes (8 species, 3.35%); and the orthes (1-6 species,

Through a base induced transesterification between catfish fat triglycerides with                    2-ethylhexanol and subsequent epoxidation using HCOOH/H2O2 system, a type of lubricating oil component has been prepared. In addition, acid catalyzed hydroxyphenylation of the C=C bonds of catfish fatty acid side chains has led to the formation of the phenolated fatty acid methyl esters. Introduction of the phenol moiety into fatty acid side chains was anticipated to help improve thermal and oxidative stabilities of the produced lubricating base stock. These two lubricating oils were then formulated with lithium soaps of catfish or KFC waste cooking oil fatty acids to afford lubricating greases. These kinds of greases proved to have low corrosive property and high resistance to heat (dropping point up to 156°C).

Study on the effects of different types and doses of hormone on breeding of whishker catfish was carried out from March 2008 to June 2009 at the Fish Hatchery of College  of Aquaculture and Fisheries - Cantho University. Three experiments were conducted using completely randomized design (CRD) method with different types and concentrations of hormones to induce artificially spawning of whishker catfish. Three replicates were applied in each treatment. Some technical parameters were collected such as spawning rate (%), fecundity (eggs/kg of fish), fertilization rate (%) and hatching rate (%). The results showed that highest spawning rate and fecundity were obtained from the treatment using LRH+DOM at 70àg + 3,5 mg/kg of fish. In addition, fertilization and hatching rate of this treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments (p

Hover flies of the family Syrphidae (Diptera) are commonly observed on flowers, they feed on nectar and help in plant pollination, and their larvae of many species are aphid-feeding predators. In the objective of estimating them as agents of the biological control in IPM package, this research was conducted for the first time in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Results of the survey showed that 19 species of 11 genera were sampled and identified; 5 of which were recorded as predators of aphids; the most common aphid-feeding species are Ischiodon scutellaris (Fabricius), Dideopsis aegrotus (Fabricius) and Paragus crenulatus Thompson. The feeding capacity of these species was recorded as dependent on the species of the flies and aphids, their morphological characteristics were described and their life cycles were identified as short as approximately 3 weeks.

Our investigation aims at classifying fingerprint images. At the pre-processing step, we propose to use the Scale-invariant feature transform method (SIFT) which is locally based on the appearance of the object at particular interest points, invariant to image scale, rotation and also robust to changes in illumination, noise, occlusion. And then, the representation of the image that we use for classification is the bag-of-visterms (BOV), which is constructed from the local descriptors by counting the occurence in a histogram like fashion. The pre-processing step brings out datasets with a very large number of dimensions. Finally, we propose an extended version of our random forest of oblique decision trees that is usually suited for classifying very-high-dimensional datasets. We have setup experiment a real dataset to evaluate performances. 480 fingerprint images were collected from 15 colleagues. Our fingerprint classification system has achieved an accuracy of 99.79%. The experimental results showed that our random forest of oblique trees algorithm (RF-ODT) outperforms state-of-the-art some of other algorithms.

Biofilm has recently been proposed as the dominant lifestyle of bacteria in nature (Makin & Beveridge, 1996). Despite important contributions to modern life, this mode of living has gained more attention only recently. In this study, we employed the Differential Fluorescence Induction (DFI) strategy, utilizing a FACS screening to isolate biofilm inducible promoters in Salmonella Typhimurium biofilms as the first time. The strategy was designed with alternative positive/negative sorting rounds to get rid of constitutive promoters as well as to enrich for biofilm induced promoters. The screening was performed using a S. Typhimurium SL1344 promoter-probe library which contained around 20500 clones. The strategy was proven to be fit to the idea aiming and showed to be a promising technique used in analysis the genetics of biofilm communities.

Two experiments on rearing of fingerling of mullet (Liza subviridis) at different stocting density and with different feed types were conducted in Collegeof Aquacultureand Fisheries ? CanThoUniversityfrom 01/2007 to 06/2008. In the experiment 1, 4 treatments with stocking density of 1, 2, 3 and 4 individuals/L was used with 3 replications. Rearing tanks contain 30 L of brackish water at salinity of 150/00 and were continuously aerated. Fish fingerlings (45.45-46.39 mg/individual) were used for stocking and were fed with peleted diet (52% protein) at rate of 10% total body weight daily. The second experiment using diets of different protein contents (25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50% crude protein content) was also designed similar to the first experiment but with initial weight of fingerling of 78.47-84.93 mg/individual and stocking density of 1 ind/L. After 30 days of rearing, the experiment 1 showed that stocking density of 1-2 individuals/L gave the best results in growth rate (14.72 mg/day and  13.13 mg/day, respectively) and the survival rate (22.23% and 16.67%, respectively). However, the stocking density at 4 individuals/L gave the highest number of larvae (20 individuals/tank). In the second experiment, the diets with 40-45% crude protein content gave the best results in growth rate and survival rate of  6.38-6.66 mg/day and 19.33-22.67%, respectively.

The study was implemented on 4 local cattle with the average live weight of 140.0 ± 12.4 kg (± SD), which were allocated in a Latin square design with 4 treatments and 4 periods. The treatments included the crude protein (CP) levels of 150, 180, 210 and 240g/100kg live weight/day in diets (CP-150, CP-180, CP-210 and CP-240, restectively). The crude protein supplements were from urea and sesbania grandiflora leaves with the ratio around 2:1. The results showed that feed intake was 3.10, 3.11, 3.40 and 3.27kgDM/day for the treatment CP-150, CP-180, CP-210 and CP-240, respectively. Ruminal N-NH3 concentration significantly increased by increasing the levels of protein in the diets (p=0.012). The conclusion was that increasing the levels of crude protein in local cattle diets improved feed intake, ruminal N-NH3, nitrogen retention and daily weight gain. The level of 210gCP/100kg live weight/day in local growing cattle diet by supplementation of sesbania grandiflora leaves and urea could be recommended for farmers? application.

The remarkable feature of sliding mode control (SMC) is the stability robustness against disturbances and variations of the system. However to design SMC, the exact model of the plant has to be known. Moreover the large gain of an SMC may intensify the chattering on the sliding surface. To cope with the above drawbacks, we propose to use a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) to estimate the plant model and to use a fuzzy based gain for the SMC. This SMC gain is developed based on Lyapunov stability theory. The proposed algorithm is applied to control a three degrees of freedom robot manipulator, which is a complex MIMO (Multi input multi output) nonlinear system. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the proposed method.

The aim to evaluate socio-economic and environmental use of biogas in the VAC system, identify major factors affecting the acceptance of farmers (and are not applied biogas) in the use of biogas in the different ecological and identify solutions to technical, social, suitable for the development of livestock with applicable biogas to reduce pollution of the environment and improve household benefits. Land resources are not different significantly (1,2-1,5ha, p>0,05). The net income of farmer group applying biogas system are 38 million dong/household/year higher than other 2 groups (24-26 million/household/year, p

This study was designed to determine the maximum replacing levels of fish meal protein (FM) by soybean meal protein (SBM), defatted with phytase enzyme supplementation for Channa micropeltes. FM in the basal diet was replaced by SBM in the diets at replacing levels of 20, 30, 40, and 50% with 0.02% phytase supplementation. Channa micropeltes fingerlings (4.3±0.03 g/fish) were randomly distributed into 15 tanks (100 liters/tank) with 25 individuals per tanks. After 8 weeks of feeding, there were no significant differences in survival rate (SR) among the treatments. Compare to control treatment (FM), replacement of 20, 30 and 40% of FM by SBM did not significantly affected on growth performance, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) while the replacing level of 50% significantly reduced these parameters, except FCR. From economic view, replacement of FM by SBM up to 40% in Channa micropeltes diets reduced  feed costs/kg weight gain by 4.83%.

Changing the cadres of a mathematical problem plays the important role in solving problems of mathematics. There exists the question: Are changing the cadres used as a technique in solving problems of mathematics by high school students inMekongDelta? For answering this question, in the following article, we conducted the survey at theSchoolofPre-university, Can Tho University.

Effects of maturity stages of tomato and NaCl concentration on extracting tomato PME were investigated in order to determine the best extracting conditions which resulted in the highest productivity and activity. In addition, the most appropriate storage condition for remaining PME activity was examined. Consequently, 1.25M NaCl and breaker level of maturity were selected. Total activity was around 65,000 U per kg of fresh material. The enzyme activity was highest on the day after extracting, then it had a steady decrease during storing time. After a period of 21 days, 36% of PME activity was lost at a freezing storage temperature of -30oC, whereas 69% of that was drop at a cooling storage temperature of 4oC. Thus, freezing storage at -30oC was chosen.

Effectiveness of land use is a primary farmer?s concern. Land accumulation in rural can be an alternative resolution to seek a higher competitive capacity of agricultural product in globalized economic context. To understand the land accumulation process in the rural area by economy of scale of land use and landless issue, a case study in An Giang province was carried out in 2008. The research analyzed information/data obtained from a key informant interview with local land managial unit, secondary data, structured questionnaire interview of 118 households in a selected village. Results showed that: land accumulation is a process occurring in rural such that average farmsize of land owner increased over the last five years; In parallel with land accumulation process, landless households have been emerged from those who owned small farmsize associated with less effective land use; 1.5 and 2.0ha are a minimum farm-size respectively for an agricultural or combined agricultural and non-agricultural household started to save money from earning; Ninety three percent of landless households recognized their livelihood were kept unchanged or better after sold land.

The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effectiveness of rinsing in combination with disinfectant on the reduced microbiology and quality attributes of vegetables (Centella asiatica). Four kinds of disinfectant such as potassium permanganate, citric acid, lactic acid and ascorbic acid solution were examined. The results showed that the reduction of microbial counts depend on the type and concentration of disinfectants. Significantly different log reduction were observed between with and without disinfectants during rinsing. Using of 1% citric acid solution rinse for vegetables (Centella asiatica) could reduce total plate count (2,77 log units) and Coliforms (2,01 log units). In addition, sensory attributes of vegetables still remained after rinsing.

This study was carried out to determine pathogenicity of new anamorphic fungi, Plectosporium oratosquillae NJM 0662 and Acremonium sp. NJM 0672 to Kuruma prawn (Penaeus japonicus). Cumulative mortality of the prawn injected with a high dose (5.0x106 conidia ml-1)and a low dose (5x104 conidia ml-1) of the isolate NJM 0662 reached 40% and 0%, respectively after 45 days inoculation. In the contrary, cumulative mortality of prawn injected with the high dose and the low dose of the isolate NJM 0672 reached 100% and 40%, respectively after 45 days inoculation. The gill lesions, blackish with numerous black spots in the gill filaments were found in the kuruma prawn. The histopathological examinations demonstrated that hyphae and conidia grew well inside the gill filaments. The result confirmed that these two anamorphic fungi were pathogenic to kuruma prawn.

?-Sitosterol (POE-1), ?-sitosterol-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (POA-2) and (2?S,2R,3S,4R,8E)-2-(2'-hydroxy?pentacosanoylamino)?3,4?dihydroxy octadec?8?en?1?O???D?glucopyranoside (POA-5) were isolated from petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts from Portulaca oleracea L. in Soc Trang province. Their structures were elucidated by modern spectroscopy methods as IR, NMR, MS? ?-Sitosterol (POE-1), ?-sitosterol-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (POA-2) and (2?S,2R,3S,4R,8E)-2-(2'-hydroxy?pentacosanoylamino)?3,4?dihydroxy octadec?8?en?1?O???D?glucopyranoside (POA-5) were isolated from petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts from Portulaca oleracea L. in Soc Trang province. Their structures were elucidated by modern spectroscopy methods as IR, NMR, MS?

The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro susceptibility of 64 Vietnamese isolates of Edwardsiella ictaluri, the causal agent of the infectious disease Bacillus Necrosis Pangasius (BNP) in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, using the agar dilution technique. None of the isolates displayed acquired resistance to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin and nitrofurantoin. Acquired resistance to streptomycin was detected in 83%, to oxytetracycline in 81% and to trimethoprim in 71% of the isolates. The MICs of enrofloxacin displayed indicating reduced susceptibility of a minority of isolates (3 out of the 64). For the quinolone antimicrobial agents flumequin and oxolinic acid, acquired resistance was encountered in 8 and 6% of the strains, respectively. All strains were intrinsically resistant to the polypeptide antimicrobial agent colistin. Resistance phenotypes of the E. ictaluri isolates were shown highly (73%) acquired resistance to at least three antimicrobial agents. The results of this study emphasize the strict need to control both the prophylactic and curative use of antimicrobial agents in Vietnamese aquaculture.

Screening of  plant growth promoting bacteria  promising for biocontrol of bacterial wilt disease of tomato caused by Raltonia solanacearum Smith  have proceeded in succeeding steps: define the ability of host root colonization and of plant growth promotion, evaluate the ability of antagonism / induced resistance against the pathogen, and the capability to control the bacterial wilt disease. Among more than 500 rhizobacterial isolates isolated from healthier plants in the vegetable fields tested, 40 hopeful isolates  that were stored at -20oC in King's B medium containing 20% glycerol have been used in the current study. Results have proved that five rhizobacterial isolate  named Tbt1.18.1et. Tbt1.12.7et, Tbt1.18.2t, T1.12.7.1et and  T4.6, have exposed  as promising biofertilizers and as agents  for biocontrolling bacterial wilt disease.

Three economic freshwater fish species in Mekong Delta: Snakehead (Channa striata), Bronze featherback (Notopterus notopterus), and Marble goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata) - with the initial body weight and length are 0,35± 0,08g and 3,4± 0,3cm;  0,45± 0,18g and 4,16± 0,41cm; 0,2± 0,09g and 2,2± 0,17cm, respectively - were cultured with different Artemia diets corresponding for five treatments (3 replicates): 100 % live Artemia biomass (1); 100% frozen Artemia biomass (2); 50% live Artemia biomass + 50% minced trash fish meat (3); 50% frozen Artemia biomass + 50% minced trash fish meat (4); and 100% trash fish meat as control treatment. After the cultured period of 40 days, the results indicated that live and frozen Artemia biomass are the favorite diets of 3 fish species. The survival rate and growth rate were significantly higher (p

Metallothioneins (MTs) are metal binding proteins with low molecular weight, rich of cystein.  They present in animal kingdom, higher plant, eukaryotic microorganisms and some prokaryotes.  MT in human platelets was isolated by cells lysis, proteins in the lysate were separated by gel permeation chromatography on the basic of their molecular size.  The presence of MT in the peaks was tested by SDS- PAGE (Sodium-dodecyl Sulphate- Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and immunological techniques (immunoblotting).  Protein solution containing MT was purified by ?negative? affinity chromatography technique to remove FABP (fatty acids binding proteins), a group of low molecular weight proteins together with MT after gel permeation chromatography.  MT iso-form was determined by ion exchange chromatography, the results showed that MT in  human platelets is MT-0 iso-form. Metallothionein (MT) là một nhóm protein mang kim loại, có trọng lượng phân tử thấp, giàu cystein.  Chúng hiện diện trong động vật, thực vật bậc cao, vi sinh vật chân hạch và một số vi sinh vật sơ hạch.  MT từ tiểu cầu máu được trích bằng cách phá vỡ tế bào, sau đó MT được tách dựa trên sự khác biệt kích thước phân tử bằng phương pháp sắc ký thấm (gel permeation chromatography), sự hiện diện của MT được xác định thông qua phương pháp điện di và phương pháp thấm miễn dịch (immunoblotting- Western blotting).  Dung dịch protein chứa MT được tinh sạch bằng phương pháp sắc ký ái lực ?ngược? (negative affinity chromatography) để loại bỏ protein liên kết acid béo (Fatty acids binding proteins ? FABP), một nhóm protein có trọng lượng phân tử thấp hiện diện cùng với MT sau khi qua sắc ký thấm.  Dạng đồng đẳng (iso-form) MT được xác định bằng phương pháp sắc ký trao đổi ion (ion exchange chromatography), kết quả cho thấy MT hiện diện trong tiểu cầu máu người là đồng đẳng MT-0. 

This study was conducted to investigate water quality in intensive shrimp culture ponds in Soc Trang province. The aim was to find the effect of probiotic bacteria on water quality and organic matter during the culture cycle. Four ponds were selected and samples, including water and sediment, were collected. Parameters such as temperature, pH, salinity, TSS, OSS, DO, TAN, NO?2, NOưưưưưưưưưư-3, H2S, TN, TOM were investigated. From March 2008, until August 2008, sampling ocurred before stocking and every two weeks post stocking. Sampling and water analysis procedures were carried out according to Standard Methods as described by Andrew (1995). The results indicated that the temperature, pH, salinity, TSS, OSS of the water were in acceptable ranges for shrimp culture. The H2S levels (0.009-0.031mg/L) were too high and proved not suitable for shrimp culture. The NO?2 levels (0.012-1.102mg/L) were very low in the ponds. Other chemical factors, such as DO, TAN, NO?2, NOưưưưưưưưưư-3, and TN, increased during the sampling period.

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is one of the most nutritious tropical fruits (Tran The Tuc and Doan The Lu, 2002). It has delicious taste and rich of minerals, vitamins, particularly b-Carotene, it was considered as a good source of provitamin A, important for human health. Ninety pyriform fruits from thirty individuals (trees) sampled in Can Tho city. They were analysed the Brix, humidity and content of b-Carotene in their flesh. The protein SDS-PAGE analysis in their seeds were applied to identify the diversity of genotypes and phenotypes. The results showed that average value of b-carotene ranged 1,68 ppm to 5,62 ppm (per dry matter), Brix 7,9 to 14,1%, the humidity 82,20 to 91,45%,  fruit?s weight from 0,6kg to 1,92kg, the sum of the effective number of alleles - SENA = 1,23; the genetypic diversiy - HEP = 0,55 and phenotypic diversiy - Ho = 5,67. These parameters showed that the population of pyriform papaya was diverse. Among 30 individuals, there were 6 individuals which had high Brix and 6 ones had high b-carotene content; they were respectively individual 12 (14,07%); 13 (13,10%); 17 (13,03%); 11 (12,23%); 19 (12,07%); 30 (12%) and 10 (5,62 ppm); 7 (5,26 ppm); 6 (4,63 ppm); 15 (4,43 ppm); 20 (4,37 ppm); 28 (4,35 ppm). They can be considered as a potential source for future breeding.

The remarkable characteristic of sliding mode control is the robust stability with disturbance and variable model parameters of the system. However to design the controller, the exact model of the plant has to be known. In practically, the problem is hard to solve. Moreover the large gain of an SMC may intensify the chattering on this sliding surface. To improve the above drawbacks, in this paper, radial basis neural network is used to estimate the nonlinear functions of sliding mode control and the gains of the controller are mofified basing on Lyapunov stability theory. The radial basis function neural network is considered as an adaptive controller. Weights of the network are modified online due to the feedback output signals of the plant. And sliding mode controller is used to complement approximation of errors to guarantee the stability of the closed loop system. The above mentioned algorithm is applied to control three degree of a freedom robot manipulator. With the novel controller, the response of the plant is flat, non-overshoot, non-chattering and zero setting error. The method is tested with Matlab simulation software.

One hundred and three bacterial isolates were isolated from aerial tissues of pineapples cultivated on acid sulphate soil of Vinhthuan district, Kiengiang province. Eighty-five isolates were identified as endophytic bacteria with 16S-rDNA PCR technique, 38/85 endophytes with several good composite characteristics (such as IAA biosynthesis, phosphate solubilization and fixing nitrogen) were detected based on biochemical tests. Sequencing 16S-rDNA gene of 3/38 these endophytes, the results showed that LK4 isolate (LGI medium) and BK1 isolate (Baz medium) had 99.2% and 99.4% identity with Burkholderia tropica NR_028965, respectively while the identity of NK2 isolate (NFb medium) with Enterobacter hormaechei GQ9006 was 99.6%. Interestingly, LK4, NK2, BK1 endophytes had the best composite characteristics, they will be suggested for bio-fertilizer production.

Plotosus canius which belongs to family Plotosidae, order Siluriformes is a commercial valuable species and potential candidates for aquaculture. The study was carried out at three locations on Hau river including Vam Nao (An Giang province), Thot Not (Can Tho city) and Tran De (Soc Trang province) from January to May, 2009. Specimens were collected from fishermen and local market one time per month. The samples were kept in cold condition and transported to the lab ofCollegeofAquacultureand Fisheries,CanthoUniversityfor analysis. The results showed that Plotosus canius is omnivorous though animal food predomnates. Relative length of the gut (RLG) of  samples > 15 gram is 1,129 and this rate inreased from 0,534 at fishes weighted under 5 gram to 1,129 at fishes weighted over 15 gram. This species had a wide feeding spectrum including crustacean, fish, worm, mollusca, detritus and other feeds. In which, crustacean (98,1%) was the most component observed in the fish alimentary tract.