Global climate change, firstly manifested as global warming have been causing much adverse impact on human life and earth?s environment. As the report of World Bank (2007), Vietnam is one of the most countries affected by the global sea level rise, in which Mekong Delta is the most heavily impacted area. Thus, due to the low-lying position of the Mekong Delta, the creating of inland water level map with the assumption of increasing water level is a very necessary to support the local authorities and managers in planning and building policies. The combination of spatial geo-statistical and Kriging interpolation techniques have been applied in delineating the elevation maps with the assumption of water level rise by interpolating data of 967 georectified locations. The result showing that the exponential model is the optimum one which descripts for spatial variation of elevation and used for interpolation. With elevation maps of 14 assumptions of water level rises from 0.2 to 2.8m were delineated for whole Delta and evaluating the impact of inland water level rise to pressure on land, populations, as well as land use planning and food security of the Mekong River Delta. As a results, the Mekong Delta is initially affected as water levels rise 0.6m and the whole region will be affected if the water levels rise up to 2.8m in which a part of Ca Mau peninsula as Bac Lieu, Ca Mau and Kien Giang province will mostly affected.

The research to evaluate the resistance to BPH of 100 kinds of rice varieties collected in Can Tho City was studied and to apply marker in analysing DNA in order to identify the anti-BPH genes. BPH resistance of rice varieties was tested by using standard seedbox screening based on scales of IRRI (IRRI, 1996). For a total of 102 rice varieties including TN1, the standard susceptible variety, and PTB33, the standard resistant variety. The result showed that 8 moderate resistant varieties (scale 3), 43 moderate susceptible varieties (scale 5), 39 susceptible varieties (scale 7) and 10 very susceptible varieties (scale 9). The results recorded the amplification of molecular markers RG457FL/RL linked to the resistant gene Bph-10 was generated to distinguish resistance and susceptibility of 43 rice germplasm accessions obtained from the srceening including TN1 and PTB33, these products could be digested with HinfI to reveal polymorphism. The final results identified 4 varieties with resistant heterozygote, 7 varieties with resistant homozygote (including PTB33), and the last 34 varieties without resistant genes. Therefor the screening and DNA analysis determined 10 varieties resistant to BHP equivalent Bph-10 gene.

The current study was conducted in night paddy fields with areas ranged from 3.000-5.000 m2 in Long My and Vi Thuy districts, Hau Giang province. Three treatments of stocked fish compositions including 15, 20 and 25% of Vietnamese and Hungarian common carps; 50, 40 and 30% of tilapia; 10% of kissing gouramy and 10% of silver carp. The stocking density was 2 fingerlings/m2 for all treatments. In all treatment, the water quality parameters fluctuated in the suitable ranges for fish growth normally. However, transparency (8.3-9.3 cm) and DO (2.76-3.30 mg/l) decreased at the end of culture period. Chlorophyll-a in these fields were low, ranging from 9.63 to 26.5 mg/m3. The daily growth rates of Vietnamese carp, Hungarian carp, tilapia, snakeskin gourami, and silver carp was 1,28; 1,48; 1,01; 0,3, and 1,09g/day,  respectively. Survival rates and productivity of Vietnamese carp, Hungarian carp, tilapia, snakeskin gourami, and silver carp were 11,9% and 107 kg/ha; 16,4% and 186 kg/ha; 27,4% and 407 kg/ha; 31,9% and 36,4 kg/ha; and 46,3% and 182 kg/ha. There was an significant difference in productivity ofVietnam?s carp andHungary?s carp in 3 treatments. The productivity from the first to the third treatments were 1.006 kg/ha; 920 kg/ha; and 836 kg/ha, respectively. Profit and benefit-cost ratio in the first and second experiments were significantly higher than those in the third treatment. Hungary?s carp performed many advantage characteristics thanVietnam?s carp, The Hungarian carp could  be possibly replaced the Vietnamese carp in rice-fish integrated system.

In this study, the molecular characterization of clone Eg707 isolated from cell suspension culture of the oil palm was reported. Southern analysis result showed that Eg707 might be present as a single copy gene in the oil palm genome. This gene is highly expressed in tissue cultured materials compared to vegetative and reproductive tissues, suggesting a role of this gene during oil palm somatic embryogenesis or at the early stages of embryo development. Expression analysis of Eg707 by RNA in situ hybridization showed that Eg707 transcripts were present throughout somatic embryo development starting from proembryo formation at the embryogenic callus stages till the maturing embryo stages. Since proembryo formation within the embryogenic callus is one of the first key factors in oil palm somatic embryo development, it is suggested that Eg707 could be used as a reliable molecular marker for detecting early-stage of oil palm somatic embryogenesis.

The first experiment was a block complete randomized design with 8 treatments and buffalo feces was used as a inocolum source for in vitro digestibility. Treatments were fresh rice straw (RT), RT+urea, molasses and minerals mixture (RT+HH), RT incubated with 5% urea in 21 days (RTUU), RTUU+urea, molasses and minerals mixture (RTUU+HH), dry rice straw (RK), RK+urea, molasses and minerals mixture (RK+HH), RK incubated 5% urea in 21 days (RKUU) and RKUU+urea, molasses and minerals mixture (RKUU+HH) with 3 replicates. Exp 2 included two small experiments implemented concurrently with the similar experimental design and treatments to the Exp 1 with dairy cow feces and rumen fluid. In vitro digestibility techniques with feces and rumen fluid from buffalo and cattle could evaluate digestibility and produce nutritional rice straw for cattle and buffaloes.

The experiment was carried out to evaluate the production of endo- and exo-cellulase of Trichoderma fungi in laboratory condition. The results showed that the high active enzyme of endo-cellulase (at 7 days after inoculation) was T-LM7a, T-VTa3d, T-BM5c, T-TTAG3b and exo-cellulase (at 10 days after inoculation) was T-LM7a, T-LM7c, T-VTa3d, T-BM2a. Two strains T-LM7a and T-VTa3d produced high endo- and exo-cellulase, hence can be applied to decompose plant wastes.

Brandt?s rice crab (Somanniathelphusa germaini) is a new species in aquaculture in the Mekong river Delta, Viet Nam. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of broodstock culture and larval rearing of crabs. This study includes experiments on (i) broodstock culture with different methods of eye stalk ablation and water spraying, and (ii) larval rearing with different feeding types. The results showed that survival rates and spawning rates of crabs in the treatments with and without water spraying were not significantly different from each other. Eyestalk ablation methods (no ablation, ablating one-eye and ablating two-eyes) did not significant effect the survival rates. However, the treatments with one-eye ablation and two-eye ablation had spawning rates (70.8±21.4% and 54.2±17.3%, respectively) significantly higher than those of the crab without eyestalk ablation (12.5±17.3%). The fecundity of crabs were not significantly different among the treatments (p>0.05). Each female gave an average of 285±99.1 eggs, and 265±114 crablets. Egg incubating time was 12.2±0.53 days, and carrying time of crablets is 38.9±4.6 days. The survival rate of crab juveniles reared for 28 days with turbifex was significantly higher than that of the other treatments (p

This study was aimed to to investigate characteristics of flowering, nut set, of some tall coconut groups. The study was conducted on 3 tall coconut groups i.e. ?Ta Xanh?, ?Sap? and ?Dau? at the age of 17 years old grown at Dong Go experimental farm, Giong Trom district, Ben Tre province from April 2006 to March 2007. Results showed that spadix abortion phenomenon occurred on coconut cultivar ?Ta Xanh?, on June 2006 and ?Dau? on April and September/2007. Total number of inflorescences/tree/year was high (18 - 20 inflorescences/tree/year. Number of female flowers per inflorescence was high, but it decreased in rainy season. Fruit set rate varied in term of seasons, but reached to 90% in all cultivars. Young nut drop happened primarily in the first month after nut set and reduced gradually in the fourth month. Yield varied from 59 nuts/tree/year (?Sap? coconut) to 72 nuts/tree/year (?Dau? coconut). ?Sap? coconut cultivar included A (softer copra and thicker milk as compared to normal one) and B type (thicker copra and thick milk), in which the B type was accounted for 83.33%.

Prevalence of Leptospira infection in dogs in Cantho city was determined by microscopic agglutantion test (MAT) with live antigens of 12 Leptosira serovars. The results showed that 64 out of 300 (21.33%) dogs tested were seropositive with Leptospira. Simultaneously, the results of leucocyte analysis showed that the average number of leucocytes per 1 ml of blood from Leptospira seropositive dogs (12,8±0,434) was higher than that of negative ones (9,3±0,403), average numbers of neutrophils, basophils, monocytes (69,4±0,54; 0,3±0,03 and 4,7±0,2) were higher than that of negative ones (5,1±0,24; 20,2±0,4), respectively, vice versa, average numbers of eosinophils and lymphocytes (5,1±0,24; 20,2±0,4) were higher than that of negative ones (7,02±0,16; 24,0±0,18), respectively. Twenty three Leptospira seropositive dogs with titer from 1:1.200 to 1:1.600 were treated by streptomycin and oxytetracycline. The results showed that oxytetracycline was higher effective (100%) than streptomycin (75%).  

This study was conducted to investigate factors relating to ?dry juice sac? phenomenon on Hong mandarin grown in Lai Vung district, Dong Thap province. Direct interview with precomposed questionnaire was carried out from December 2008 to March 2009, in which 60 growers possessing mandarin orchard larger than 1,000 m2 were questioned. The results showed that ?dry juice sac? phenomenon included dry sac and granulation phenomenon. Properties of granulation fruits are small size, green and hardened skin; they are also primarily located at shaded positions or below canopy. Meanwhile, fruits determined to be dry juice have larger size, relatively softness, abnormal emerging and wavy pedicels. Dry juice sac phenomenon occured on mandarin trees which are low yield, first - second bearing, strong vegetative growth; and it could appear randomly in canopy. There are two factors relating to the dry juice sac phenomenon, i.e. vegetative shoot emergence at the fruit development stage bringing about competition of nutrients between young vegetative shoots and developing fruits, and the carbonhydrate source for fruit development.

Common reed (Phragmites australis), or simply called reed, is a tall and robust grass species which can be found in many tropical countries, primarily in freshwater and light brackish wetlands.Reed is widely used to treat various forms of wastewater in the constructed wetlands. Phragmites australis stores larger amounts of the nutrient within their biomass. It is assumed that the values of transpiration are increased as a result from the growth of common reed biomass. Based on the water balance equation in a closed system as a constructed subsurface flow wetland, the transpiration of water inside the soil to the air via its plant system were determined. The result shows that reed consume a lot of wastewater by transpiration.Increasing transpiration of the reed in a constructed wetland (mm/12hr) is a function of the experimental dates.

For the purpose of prolonging the preservation of postharvest ?mật? orange, the factors affecting their shelf-life was examined, including (i) treatments (ozone, KMnO4, Potassium Sorbate, vôi); (ii) edible film (CMC, chitosan, pectin), (iii) packaging (PE, PP) and (iv) storage temperature (5-30oC) are interested in this research. The chemical compositions (Vitamin C, total soluble solids, acid content) along with the physical properties (color, shell thickness) and the weight loss have been analysed. Research results showed that the loss weight of orange can be reduced and their shelf-life can be extended to 9-week storage by ozone treatment in conjunction with CMC film (or pectin film) and stored in PE bag (or PP bag) at 10oC.

Juvenile swamp eels (Monopterus albus) come from artificial propagation with the initial body weight and length are 0,35± 0,10g and 7,55± 0,69cm, were cultured with different waste Artemia biomass diets corresponding for four treatments (3 replicates): 100 % live Artemia biomass (TN2); 100% frozen Artemia biomass (TN3); 100% dead Artemia biomass (TN4) and 100% minced trash fish as a control treatment. After the cultured period of 50 days, the results revealed that diets in which Artemia biomass presence showing a similar performance of eels (SGR reached 5,26-5,35%day; DWG=0,089-0,093g/day, DLG= 0,21cm/day) and significant difference at p

Identification of grain discoloration pathogens was carried out in 2006 under Laboratory of Plant Pathology condition of Department of Plant Protection. Samples were collected in the Mekong Delta i.e. Long An, Tien Giang, Vinh Long, Tra Vinh, An Giang, Dong Thap, Soc Trang and Hau Giang in Winter-Spring 2005-2006 and Summer-Autumn 2006. Infected grain were incubated under neon light or near- UV light by blotter method. Fungus was identified based on identification key following Barnett and Hunter (1973); Agrawal et al. (1989); Mew and Misra (1994); Miguel and Richard (2006). Results showed that 11 kinds of fungi were identified as Fusarium spp., Helminthosporium oryzae, Curvularia lunata, Diplodina sp., Trichoconis padwickii, Trichothecium sp., Nigrospora oryzae, Cercospora oryzae, Tilletia barclayana, Pyricularia oryzae and Alternaria sp.. Among them, Fusarium spp. is the most popular fungus but species have not identified yet. Results also showed that the occurrance of fungi was vary under light condition, the fungus Fusarium spp. was high occurred under neon light, whereas, Trichoconis padwickii was high occurred under near - UV light.

The brown plant hopper (BPH) outbreaks in large-scale area mainly due to farmers growing the same varieties for longtime and in large areas. Therefore, if we can manage the application of rice varieties, its? extent, and development periods, we can prevent and trait the pest and disease on rice efficiently. For this purpose, a GIStool and rice production database were developed by using Visual Studio.NET2008 language, the open source library SharpMap and the SQL Server 2008 geodatabase. This system has been tested with rice information of Dong Thap province. The simple regression analysis was performed to evaluate relationships between the areas cultivated by theBHP resistance varieties and the areas infected byBHP, and negative correlation was found, (R = -0.86). This regression equation was served to delineated the map ofBHP-infected areas in Dong Thap province in the winter-spring 2008-2009. The predicting results were explaining most of the real BHP-infected area of the province.

For the purpose of prolonging the preservation of postharvest “mật” orange, the factors affecting their shelf-life was examined, including (i) treatments (ozone, KMnO4, Potassium Sorbate, vôi); (ii) edible film (CMC, chitosan, pectin), (iii) packaging (PE, PP) and (iv) storage temperature (5-30oC) are interested in this research. The chemical compositions (Vitamin C, total soluble solids, acid content) along with the physical properties (color, shell thickness) and the weight loss have been analysed. Research results showed that the loss weight of orange can be reduced and their shelf-life can be extended to 9-week storage by ozone treatment in conjunction with CMC film (or pectin film) and stored in PE bag (or PP bag) at 10oC.

To investigate the effects of stocking densities of mangrove snail and cockle in the integrated mangrove-snail system at Ca Mau province, the experiment was designed with 1 stocking density of blood cockle (10 cockles/m2) in the canal and 3 stocking densities of mud snail (10; 20 and 30 snails/m2) during 6 months of culture. Results showed that, growth of the shell height and weight of mangrove snail were not significantly among the treatments (p>0.05). However, survival rate of mangrove snails were significantly different among the treatments (p

The gene of malQ encoding 4-?-glucanotransferase (amylomaltase) is located in the malPQ operon of Escherichia coli K12. It has an open reading frame of 2082 nucleotides encoding 694 amino acid residues of a 72 kDa protein. In an effort to understand the function of this enzyme from E. coli, MalQ was overexpressed by constructing in pET29b. The optimal reaction condition of MalQ was at 37°C, in 200 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 6.5.

Nowadayss, An Giang province is faced with some problems such as: floods, acid sulfate soil and arsenic contamination in groundwater. Groundwater in this place was exploited for drinking water and irrigation by private tube-wells. The purpose of this study is to investigate the sources of arsenic in groundwater in An Phu district of An Giang province. Soil samples in An Phu district from different depths in holocene sediment layers and topsoil samples were collected for arsenic analysis. The result showing that natural arsenic originates from Holocene sediments and widespread and concentrated in aquifers between 100-845ppm (tube-well). High arsenic in groundwaters was found in Holocene aquifers of between 15-36m depth along Hau river bank and srollbar. There is no evidence of widespread arsenic from industrial and agricultural. Arsenic concentrations high ranged from 20ppb?30ppb in topsoil at Khanh An commune where crops was irrigated by using depth well water.

RG457 marker (STS marker) was indicated to be the closest linkage to Bph10 gene on the chromosome 12 of rice cultivars with distance with 1.7 cM. To screen rice cultivars with brown plant hopper resistant gene, 169 of the rice cultivars were used to isolating DNA and DNA samples were amplified with RG457FL/RL primer pairs. The size of PCR products from 750 bp to 800 bp were digested by HinfI enzyme. Restriction site for HinfI depends on the rice cultivars which are heterozygotes or homozygotes. Fragments were resolved on agarose gels. The band pattern was classified into three groups such as: the heterozygotes with the size of about 200, 250, 350, and 600 bp fragments; the resistant homozygotes with the size of about 200, 250 and 350 bp fragments, and the infected homozygotes with the size of about 600 and 200 bp fragments. In addition, single nucleotide polymorphism also used to identify the variation among rice cultivars at nucleotide level. There was polymorphism of Bph10 gene among twenty-nine rice cultivars containing gene for the resistance to brown planthopper biotypes 2 and 3.

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the replacement of fish meal (FM) protein by defatted soybean meal (SBM) protein in diets for striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) fingerlings (initial weight of 6.73 g/fish). Six isonitrogenous (35%) and isocaloric (4.6 kcal g-1) diets were formulated to replace FM protein by SBM protein at the level of 0% (control), 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. Each treatment was randomly designed with triplication. After 8 experimental weeks, weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed with the control diet were not significantly different from fish fed with the diets in which SBM protein replaced 20% to 60% of FM protein (p>0.05). Replacing 80% and 100% of FM protein by SBM protein resulted in lower WG, SGR and PER, and higher FCR than those of the control diet (p0.05). Lipid and ash contents in whole body decreased as dietary SBM protein level increased. Results of the present study indicated that up to 60% of fish meal protein can be replaced by soybean meal protein without causing reduction on growth performance and feed ultilization of striped catfish fingerlings.

This study was carried out in order to determine the effect of boron on pollen germination, fruit set and pre-mature nut drop of Ta Xanh coconut cultivar. There were two parts in this study. (1)Experiment of the effect of boron on pollen germination was carried out in petri disc with 5 treatments (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppm of boric acid), (2) Experiment of the effect of boric acid concentration (0, 5, 10 and 20 ppm) and applicaiton times (15; 20 days after fruit set and both) on fruit set and pre-mature nut drop was conducted on 10-15 year old coconut tree grown in Mo Cay district, Ben Tre province in rainy and dry season, 2008. Results suggested that boric acid at 10 ppm helped achieve 100% germinate pollen after 3 hours cultured on petri disc, and 10-fold faster germination as compared to control treatment. Foliar application of 10 ppm boric acid at 15 days after fruit set increased fruit set ratio and reduced pre-mature nut drop during 20 day after fruit set in dry season. However, in rainny season, the treatment was only effective on fruit set, but not pre-mature nut drop.

Snakehead (Channa striata) is an obligatory airbreathing fish. This species can tolerate large fluctuation of environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen. The snakehead fish widely distributes in the Mekong Delta and can be found in variety waterbodies. This species is a prefered food of most people in the Delta. Snakehead population has dramatically declined in both population zise and individial weight. Many possibilities can contribute to this degradation, including overfishing, using un-appropriate fishing methods, habitat loss, and toxic chemicals from agricultural crops etc. Review from available scientific publications shows that insecticide diazinon is very toxic to the species, particularly the started airbreathing stage and fingerling stage. Effects of this insecticide, which have been found to this species, include cholinesterase inhibition, growth inhibition, increased surfacing behaviors and mortality occurrent. It is an urgent need to put diazinon into the list of limited used pesticides; continue to conduct more researches on others animal to find out additional evidents for banning of use insecticide diazinon in Vietnam.  

Experiments were conducted to determine effects of four substrates from coconut dusk on growth, yield and quality of hydroponic tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Savior. Experiments were designed as randomized complete with 10 replications. Treatments included four substrates deriving from coconut dust such as (1) fibres, (2) powder, (3) pressed powder and (4) fibres and pressed powder and fibres contained in plastic bag (slab). Tomato cultivar named Savior. Nutrient for tomato hydroponic was according toBentonJones (1999). Tomato hydroponic was applied by drip irrigation. Results showed that among four substrates tested, pressed coconut husk powder and fibres contained in plastic bag (slab) showed more efficiency than other substrates. Although its price was more higher.

This study presents the research in using chitosan solution to preserve Tra fish fillet frozen replace polyphosphate and investigates the effect of the chitosan concentration and the time of treatment on the gain weight of Tra fish fillet. The research results showed that it is possible to use chitosan with concentration 0.5% in 25 minutes to remarkably reduce the change of quality of Tra fish fillet frozen such as weight loss, protein content, lipid content, sensory, antimicrobial during 6 months.

The objective of research is to describe the hydrological properties at the Khe Vinh and Mui O of the Can Gio mangrove Biosphere Reserve inHo Chi Minh City. The hydrological investigation addresses questions about the effect of factors such as topography and seasons, on the hydrological properties. Method as ?Laser leveling? was used for measuring of elevation, the ?Diver? was used for measuring of EC,  ?Peizometers? method was used for measuring groundwater and soil drainage, and flooded frequency was collected during study time. The results were showed that the hydrological properties at the study sites were affected by the upper streams of Sai gon and Dong Nai rivers, and the tidal regime of the East sea. Seasons, sites and the elevation of zones had effects directly on the hydrological properties.

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), member of a new virus family called Nimaviridae, is an important viral pathogen responsible for severe economic loss to shrimp farmers. Techniques for the detection of WSSV by polymerase chain reaction are well established and useful. In this study, the nested-PCR protocol presents a sensitive and specific protocol for the detection of WSSV and decapod genes serving as internal control for the test. This combination is one of the specific objectives of the research. Primers named P1, P2, P3 and P4 (Kimura et al., 1996) and primer pairs named Deca-20a2 and Deca-20s9 (CSIRO, 2008) were employed for the nested-PCR. This protocol can be used to detect low levels of WSSV in different hosts: (i) Carriers and low viral load samples such as wild crabs, post-larvae may also be tested for WSSV by this method; (ii) this protocol may also be useful in confirming early stages of WSSV infection when the viral load is relatively low, such as in a very light infection before the onset of disease. In term of high specificity, the two-step PCR protocols were determined to have sensitivities less than 10pg of DNA template.  

Durian orchards in the Mekongdelta has been confronted with low fruit yield and Phytophthora disease. The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of bio-compost (compost from cow dung plus Trichoderma sp.) on improvement of soil quality, fruit yield  and reducing the gummosis disease cause by Phytophthora. Two representative durian orchards were selected at Tam Binh, Cai Lay district. The amount of 10T.ha-1 of composted cow dung and rice straw with and without Trichoderma sp. were tested to compare with the farmers? practice, using inorganic fertilizers and pesticides. Results indicated that bio-compost amendment led to increase the soil aggregate stability, soil organic matter, soil labile organic nitrogen, available phosphorus (p

Striped catfish or tra catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) is the most important culture species in freshwater region of Viet Nam. The culture area has been expanded to the low saline area. Therefore, it is neccessary to study the effect of water salinity on the physiological changes and growth of this species. The experiment was set up in 500L tanks with six salinity treatments including 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15? with 3 replicates each. Changes of plasma osmolarity and ions and fish growth were examined monthly. The plasma osmolality (yb, mOsm/kg) was regressed based on the salinities (x?0,?) as yb=275.63e0.0151x (R2=0.4113, Sig.=0.00). The difference of plasma and water osmolality (yb-w) were reduced as salinity increased (x?0,?) and reached a passively isotonic point at 13.2? based on the function of yb-w= -1.4378x2?1.6496x+270.87 (R2=0.9274, Sig.=0.00). The ratio of Na+:K+ in plasma of the control (0?) was lowest (16.8:1); the Na+:Cl- ratio of 9? treatment was lowest (1.28:1); and the K+:Cl- ratio of the 0? treatment was highest (0,09:1). Fish in 9? treament obtained a growth rate of 0.5 g/day, which was higher than that of other treatments (p

Three best amylolytic bacterial isolates composing of one mesophylic isolate [5c isolate] and two thermophylic isolates [e2 and f isolate] (Ha thanh Toan et al., 2008) were conducted in 10-litre bioreactors to evaluate organic wastes degradation ability. The experiment was a completely randomized design with four replications including eight treatments for 22 days; Temperature, pH, % lost waste-volume, % reduced waste dry-weight, organic matter, N total, C/N ratio, CO2, CH4 gas and bacterial population were recorded as functions of time. The results showed that the treatment using mesophylic isolate [5c isolate] and thermophylic isolate [f isolate] reached to most appropriate parameters. Furthermore, low amounts of CO2 and CH4 gas of these isolates are good indicators in terms of protection of environment.

Through the result of survey about plants and decorative bonsais in Cao Lanh city, Dong Thap province, it is confirmed 292 species, 205 genera, 83 families of two phyla Magnoliophyta and Pinophyta. The largest phyla is the Magnoliophyta which comprises with 282 species about 96.6% of all species. The families which have the most species are: Cactaceae (7 species), Asteraceae (9 species), Dracaenaceae (9 species), Apocynaceae (13 species), Araceae (14 species), Orchidaceae (14 species), Euphorbiaceae (15 species), Moraceae (15 species), Fabaceae (18 species), Arecaceae (20 species).

This study aimed to evaluate the difference in haematological parameters and ability to kill bacteria of serum from infected fish by Edwardsiella ictaluri. Diseased fish were collected from intensive ponds in Soc Trang, Hau Giang and Cantho provinces. There were 57 samples collected from 5 ponds, comprised of 31 diseased and 26 healthy samples. Twenty four bacterial isolates were obtained in which 23 isolates were identified as Edwardsiella ictaluri from 31 diseased specimens. Results from haematological analysis revealed a significant reduction (p

The purpose of this research was to breed soybean having high yield, high protein content and short maturity, Seven crosses were carried out among short maturity variety DH4 (75 days) with local varieties. By using molecular methods such as SDS-PAGE we selected six new breeding lines having high protein, ranged from 40.4% to 43.14%, and short maturity, ranged from 86 to 87 days.