Lingzhi is a treasurable herb in traditional medicine with many different uses such as anti-cancer, regulating cell intoxication, fighting inflammation, protecting the liver, increasing immunity, and preventing the onset virus growth in cells. The study was conducted to investigate some biological characteristics of strains V01.10, T03.17, T03.02 isolated from nature. Results showed that the fungal strains had different time from transplanting to harvesting, about 76.5-81.4 days. The yield of dried mushrooms obtained from different fungal strains was different and statistically significant difference between fungal strains (P

The results of isolation and purification showed that 56 rhizobacterial strains of Pseudomonas were collected. Among 56 purified strains of Pseudomonas, nine strains including VLND-0101, VLND-0301, VLND-0901, VLND-0501, VLND-1203, CTND-0301, CTND-0501, CTND-0104, CTND-0902 had high antagonistic efficacy to Fusarium, with the efficacy value at approximately 28.34-60.00%. Next, among nine Pseudomonas strains, four strains including VLND-1203, CTND-0301, CTND-0501, CTND-0902 highly antagonized against Colletotrichum, with efficacy at approximately 48.34-61.77%. Among four Pseudomonas strains, root length and shoot height of mungbean seedlings after treating CTND-0501 were highest, significantly different to other treatments. Besides, quantity of sideroots, fresh weight of root and shoot at 5 days after treating CTND-0501 statistically differed to others. Result of identification showed that the strain of CTND-0501 was Pseudomonas mosselii.

Medicinal mushroom, Cordyceps militaris, an entomopathogenic fungus with medicinal and commercial values, is over-exploited, leading to scarcity in nature. The cultivation procedure of C. militaris on host under in vitro condition has been carried out successfully. The results showed that SDAY2 media was suitable for fast growing mycelium after 5 days of culture and large fruiting body size, very fine mycelium, cotton and reptile surface. Liquid medium CT1 showed that optimal fungal spore density after 11 days of culture, by injecting 2 mL of fungal liquid into the top of the pupal stage of Brihaspa astrostigmella, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus and Bombyx mori were highly effective, mycelium develops quickly and forms fruiting bodies, infection rate of C. militaris and Bombyx mori productivity the highest (> 95%; length 7.05 cm, diameter 2.31 mm and weight 0.32 g/fruit), cordycepin and adenosine content in the fruiting body dried to 5.25 mg/g and 0.71 mg/g, 6.1 mg/g and 0.52 mg/g, 5.34 mg/g and 0.58 mg/g respectively for Brihaspa astrostigmella, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus and Bombyx mori. These techniques can be applied to produce C. militaris mushroom on hosts to meet the market demand for current Cordyceps products.

The study aimed to assess the soil physicochemical properties of major soil groups in order to indentify soil constraints and to recommend soil management practices for sustainable soil uses. Soil survey and soil sampling were carried out for different soil groups in An Giang province. Total 55 locations were surveyed and sampled for physico-chemical analyses. The results showed that the soil in An Giang  province included four main soil groups. They are acid sulfate soil (Thionic), aluvial soil (Gleysols and Fluvisol), peat soil (Histosols) and degraded soil (Plinthosols) with 10 soil units based on FAO classification (IUSS Working Group WRB, 2006). Physicochemical properties and nutrients in the soils were suitable for growing diverse crops in An Giang province. However, some soil groups had their own constraints such as low pH and high aluminum (Al) toxicity. It is recommended that farmers should supply lime and organic fertilization to increase soil pH, available nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) content, which in turn improve soil quality and crop yields.

The study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of S. Weltevreden and S. Typhimurium in pigs and husbandry environment in Vinh Long province. The method of Salmonella isolation was followed TCVN 10780-1:2017 (ISO 6579-1:2017). In a total of 1,394 examined samples (288 samples of pig manure, 369 environmental and 737 wild animal samples), 146 samples were positive with Salmonella. The prevalence of Salmonella isolated in pigs, environments, and wild animals was not significant difference. Among Salmonella isolates, S. Weltevreden and S. Typhimurium accounted for 15.07% and 13.01%, respectively. In this study, S. Weltevreden was not present in lizard samples; S. Typhimurium was not present in wastewater and feed samples. S. Weltevreden and S. Typhimurium isolates were highly sensitive to 14/14 antibiotics surveyed (78.95%-100%). S. Weltevreden was resistant to 9/14 antibiotics, and S. Typhimurium was resistant to 6/14 antibiotics. Besides, Salmonella isolates also showed multidrug resistant to 2-6 kinds of antibiotics in 8 multi resistant types, in which, there multi-resistance types (Cu+Of, Cl+Bt, Sm+Te) were the most common types (9.76%).

Di cao tho has many wonderful and especially excellent poems which express clearly thinking, concerns and profound philosophy containing Che Lan Vien’s love to life and to poetry. Through page to page of Di cao tho, readers perceive his artistic sense and creative endeavor. He did not satisfy with his success; on the contrary, he was always responsible for mission of art and put extraordinary effort into creative journey because of the progress of art. Studying Di cao tho from this perspective, the article will contribute to further clarifying the poet’s intellectual beauty, talent, personality and his unique contributions to modern Vietnamese poetry.

The antioxidant and antifungal activity of ethanol extracts of Curcuma longa, Curcuma yunnanensis, Hedychium coronarium, Alpinia conchigera, Dioscorea bulbifera, Dioscorea membranacea, Dioscorea hispida and Dioscorea pentaphylla were tested. The highest total polyphenol (44,87±0,14 mg GAE/g extract) and flavonoid (110,75±6,38 mg QE/g extract) content were observed in Curcuma longa extract. The correlation was observed between biological activities and the amount of polyphenol, flavonoid compounds. All extracts exhibited antioxidant activity in FRAP (ferric reducing-antioxidant power), ABTS (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and RP (reducing power) assay. Poisoned food technique was used to determine the inhibition of mycelial growth, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum fungicidal concentration of the extracts on the test pathogens. The C. longa produced complete mycelial growth inhibition in Corynespora cassiicola pathogens at a concentration of 5,000 µg/mL after three days of incubation. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the C. longa on the test fungi were in the range of 2,500-5,000 ����L/mL and >5000 ����L/mL, respectively. These findings confirm the fungicidal properties of plants extract and their potential use in the management of economically important C. cassiicola and as possible alternatives to synthetic fungicides. C. longa used in this study could be potential sources of new antifungal and antioxidant.

Single (MT-1) and inter-penetrated (int-MT-1) metal organic frameworks were synthesized via solvothermal method from the reaction of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid in N,N¢-dimethylformamide (DMF). The morphologies of resulting materials were observed under NHV-CAM microscope. The structures of the single and inter-penetrated frameworks respectively resulted in MT-1 and int-MT-1 were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction analysis (PXRD) and their thermal stability was also determined by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The porosity of these two materials was proved by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method through N2 isotherms at 77 K. The results showed that two materials with single and inter-penetrated frameworks were successfully synthesized as expected. Both materials are highly crystalline with high thermal stability and porosity.

The study on chemical composition of Xestospongia testudinaria collecting from Phu Quoc marine, Kien Giang Province was partly described in this paper. That is the first chemical report on the primitive sedentary aquatic invertebrate of the Southern waters of Vietnam in the Laboratory of bioactive natural compounds. In this project the sterol, oxime, lactone compounds were isolated and identified, including xestosterol (1), 2-methylmaleimide5-oxime (2), tetillapyrone (3). The chemical structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of analyzing modern spectral data (1D- and 2D-NMR, ESI-MS) and the comparison with published data in other species.

The paper is to investigate vector equilibrium problems with equilibrium constraints in Hausdorff topological vector spaces ordered by cones. By using relaxation of semicontinuity and generalized convexity properties of vector-valued maps, sufficient conditions for upper semicontinuity of solution maps to the reference problems are established, and many counterexamples are also provided to illustrate the essentialness of these conditions. The approaches and results obtained in this paper are new even for the scalar problems  

The study was conducted in 15 households planting sweet potato in Tan Thanh and Thanh Loi communes of Binh Tan district, Vinh Long province and the laboratory of ruminant production techniques, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University from October 2019 to March 2020. The sweet potato variety studied was Japanese purple sweet potato with a surveyed area of ​​100 m2 per household. The objective of the study was to evaluate the yield and chemical composition of sweet potato vines and tubers. For sweet potato vines, the results showed that the yield was quite high, ranging from 2.04 to 3.03 tons/ha. Dry matter (DM), ash and crude protein (CP) contents considerably fluctuated, while ether extract (EE) was stable. Mean DM, CP, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and EE were 13.67, 11.01, 41.71 and 3.36%, respectively. Harvested sweet potato tubers had the yield to be 26.97 tons/ha and the yield of their by-products (tubers did not meet commercial standards concerning the tuber size and other agents) was 4.76 tons/ha. The chemical composition of sweet potato tuber by-product had a negligible fluctuation with DM value of 27.94%, CP 3.12%, ash 2.97%, ADF 7.78%, NDF 20.84% ​​and EE 1%.

This study is aimed to identify effect of lactozym supplementation on coccidae, some large intestinal bacterium counts and small intestinal epithelial villum measurements of chickens. A total of 900 chickens were separated into 2 groups, 450 chicks in each (chicks in the experimental group were supplemented lactozym in feed, in case of non-supplemented in control group, the experiment was replicated 3 times, with 150 chicks in each). The results demonstrated that the rate and intensity of coccidae in chicken supplemented lactozym group were lower as compared with the control group, especially in the period of > 4 - 8 and > 8 - 12 week-old (30.67 and 16.67%, respectively) in the experimetal group, while the control group was 38.67 and 20.00%, respectively. In summer, the rate of chicken coccidial infection was the highest (34.00% in experimental group and 40,67% in control group) and the lowest in winter (6,00% in experimental group and 17.33% in control group). Colon Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Clostridium perfringens and total aerobic bacterial counts were decreased by the probiotic administration. Jejunum villi height was increased while jejunum villi wideness was decreased in the chicken supplemented probiotic in the diet.

Brackish water shrimp culture has recently been considered a key industry of the Mekong Delta region. However, during the value chain from input to output, the chain actors have to face many difficulties, they are unable to increase the added value for the whole chain and the output do not meet the export requirements to the fastidious markets. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing macro and micro factors impacting shrimp industry in the the Mekong Delta region through the use of analytical tools such as Porter’s five forces, PEST model, and SWOT analysis to propose a system of solutions to upgrade the shrimp value chain in the the Mekong Delta region. Four solutions were proposed to develop the shrimp industry in the the Mekong Delta region, including (1) investing and creating jobss, (2) improving distribution channels, (3) improving/innovating products, and (4) cutting production costs.

The study is aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the linkage models in producing and consuming of the specialty and aromatic rice based on the VietGAP standardization. It was relied on the action research approach, from rice variety selection to rice product consumption, conducted at three agricultural cooperatives in the Mekong Delta. The primary data was collected through the structured questionnaire interviews with 64 experimental members of the pilot agricultural cooperatives and 95 surrounding conventional farmers. Research results show that the linkage models based on the VietGAP standardization gained more profit than the conventional models, of which the open model has the highest net income (34.9 million VND/ha), then the semi-linkage model (24.1 million VND/ha) and the closed linkage model (17.3 million VND/ha). The “bonus price” of rice produced by the linkage models is relatively modest (+100 VND/kg); therefore, agricultural cooperatives have selected more open models in order to adapt to the context of rice production and consumption. Through the action research approach, capacity of members and managerial boards of the farm cooperatives were enhanced; and these enhancements helped them apply the standardized production codes which were used to develop contract farming and to adapt to diverse demand of qualified rice markets. 

Restructuring agriculture has great impact to livelihoods of rural households, alleviating the climate change impacts. By using 28 indicators of sustainable livelihood framework (SLF), this study is aimed to identify the livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) of the households in the coastal of Thanh Phu district, Ben Tre province under the process of restructuring agriculture. Based on the baseline data in 2015-2016, a survey of 175 households living in this region was conducted to have a thorough assessment of LVI. The results showed that excluding the increase in financial capital index (0.315 vs 0.651) and physical capital index (0.215 vs 0.350), the remain value of LVI reduced in the dimension of human capital (0.415 vs 0.307), natural capital (0.439 vs 0.365), and social capital (0.458 vs 0.416). In overall, the value of the LVI index scored 0.382 in 2015-2016 is higher than that in 2018-2019 (0.370), it means that the livelihoods vulnerability redued after four years of agricultural restructuring intervention. The research findings contribute a deeper understanding of the vulnerable context of household communities that support the assessment of policy intervention, a social development project as well as an impact assessment of the given factors such as change of vulnerable contexts.

This study is performed in order to explore the advantages and disadvantages of combining wind turbines at DC bus and AC bus. The research model that is designed by using MATLAB/Simulink software consists of five permanent magnetic synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbines connected in parallel. Each wind turbine has the capacity of 200 W. When the wind speed is 12 m/s, the simulation results show that total active power of the wind turbines connected at DC bus (PT = 787 W) is higher than that connected at AC bus (PT = 720 W). In addition, when the wind speed is variable, the average efficiency of each turbine at DC bus (99.54%) is better than that connected at AC bus (97.64%). It can be seen that the total output power of wind turbines connected at AC bus is not maximum power because the frequencies of AC voltage generated by wind turbines depend on the wind speed, while the total output power of wind turbines connected at DC bus is not affected when wind turbine operates at different wind speeds. Thus, the connection of wind turbines at AC bus is ineffective.

Pomelo essential oil has many applications in cosmetic, medicament and food, thus the research on the pomelo essential oil extraction is concerned by many researchers in the world. Pomelo essential oil was extracted by many extraction methods. In this study, the pomelo essential oil was extracted by using steam distillation method at the pilot scale. The parameters of extraction method such as the mass ratio of pomelo peel to water, the oil temperature in a heating jacket and the extraction time were investigated to seek the maximum yield of recovered essential oil and the maximum extraction yield of essential oil. The obstacles of extraction equipment were then pointed out and the solution was suggested. The research also, then, points out the obstacles of extraction equipment and the solution was suggested. The maximum yield of essential oil and the maximum extraction yield of essential oil were obtained at 0,737‰ and 21,68%, respectively at the mass ratio of pomelo peel to water = 1:5, the oil temperature in a heating jacket of 170oC and the extraction time of 8h. The maximum yield of essential oil and the maximum extraction yield of essential oil in the large scale present the stability and effectiveness operation of extraction equipment and the saving of extraction time.

Land use maps play an important role in statistics, inventory and orientation of land use planning. In recent years, the application of remote sensing data has been contributing to the generation of land use and land cover maps effectively. However, optical image is often covered by clouds, especially in the rainy season, which affects the accuracy of classification results. With the characteristics of radar images that can penetrate to clouds and weather conditions, the study used fusion method of two types of optical (Landsat-8) and radar (Sentinel-1) images in generating land use map of Can Tho city in 2019. Using Gram-Schmidt method to integrate two images and applied object-based classification approach to generate the land use map of  Can Tho in 2019. The classification result showed that there were 5 main land uses in Can Tho city: perennial crop, paddy rice, canals/rivers, settlement and aquaculture land. The results of accuracy assessment showed that the total accuracy was 83.8% and the Kappa coefficient was 0.68. The results of the study showed that there was great potential of integrating radar and optical imagery in mapping land use map Can Tho city.

This study aimed to determine the appropriate application frequency of ozone for disinfection of incubated eggs of mud crab. The experiment was designed with four treatments and triplicated including (i) control (iodine disinfection), (ii) ozone daily disinfection, (iii) ozone disinfection every 2 days, and (iv) ozone disinfection every 3 days disinfection. Ozone was applied to the rearing tanks through a venturi pump for 60 seconds at a concentration of 0.1 ppm. The results showed the hatching rate and number of larvae in the treatment with daily ozone disinfection were 57.4% and 4.52 x 103 ind. which were not significantly lower than those from the control (62.3% and 5.51 x 103 ind., respectively). Fungus and parasite infection ratios were statistically lower in the treatment exposed to daily ozone disinfection. Total bacteria and Vibrio counts on the incubated eggs in treatments with ozone disinfection were significantly lower than those of the control. The results suggested that ozone disinfection could be applied daily in the mud crab hatchery practices. 

Infectious diseases of cultured shrimp are getting more and more complicated, especially the acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease which appeared in 2009. Under these circumstances, herbal extracts have been considered as a safe preventive approach against diseases in aquaculture. Many herbal extracts have been determined with antimicrobial activity, growth promoters, improvement of the immunity and disease resistance of aquatic animals. In this study, herbal extracts from Terminalia catappa and Phyllanthus urinaria were supplemented at concentration of 1%, and 2% for whiteleg shrimp in 4 weeks. Then, impacts on growth performance and immune response of the experimental shrimp were evaluated. Results showed that (i) the P. urinaria and the T. catappa treatments at 1%, 2% of whiteleg shrimp after 4 weeks did not affect enhanced growth performance; (ii) the 1% T. catappa treatment could improve shrimp immune parameters (haematological parameters, phenoloxidase activity, and superoxide dismutase activity) and survival rate after being challenged with V. parahaemolyticus. The obtained results suggested potential applications of the extracts T. catappa and P. urinaria in commercial shrimp farming.

This research is aimed to assess the effect of salinity stress on bacterial density on simulation system for salt water intrusion. The study consisted of 5 treatments with different salinities at 0, 10, 20, and 30‰, respectively, which were diluted from brine water, and seawater 32‰ (B32‰). Each treatment was triplicated and monitored in 50 days. The outdoor experiment was designed randomly in 500 L composite tanks. The microbial parameters of sediments such as total heterotrophic bacteria, Bacillus spp., Lactobacillus spp., Vibrio spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus was evaluated every two weeks. The results show that total heterotrophic bacteria redued in high salinity. Total heterotrophic bacterial density was highest at 6.2 Log CFU/g in treatment of 0‰ while the lowest density in seawater treatment (B32‰), approximately 5.7 Log CFU/g. The density of Bacillus spp. reduced under high salinity and reached a peak at a salinity level of 10‰ and 0‰. In addition, the highest density of Lactobacillus spp. was counted in treatment of 10‰ (3.05 Log CFU/g) and significantly difference from other treatments (p

The study was conducted to determine the current status of parasitic infection in three nursing stages (larval, fry and fingerling stages) of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). A total of 857 fish (302 samples of larval stage, 218 samples of fry stage and 337 samples of fingerling stage) were sampled from 20 nursery ponds (9 ponds in rainy season and 11 ponds in dry season). The parasitic composition and the infection rate from different nursing stage of fish were examined. Results showed that nine parasite genera (Cryptobia, Trichodina, Balantidium, Apiosoma, Epistylis, Myxobolus, Henneguya, Dactylogyrus, and Gyrodactylus) were found in striped catfish at nursing stage. Besides, cysts of some parasites were identified  as Myxozoans, metacercariae of trematodes, larval nematodes and parasitic copepods. Parasitic infection rate was higher in the dry season than the rainy season. In which, the infection rate in dry season was observed at the rate of 56.6%-73.3% in larvae, 50%-100% in fry, 73%-85.7% in fingerlings. The infection rate in the rainy season was observed at the rate of 15%-57.3% in larvae, 40%-100% in fry, 25%-90.3% in fingerlings. In particular, Trichodina, Apiosoma, Epistylis, Myxozoa, Myxobolus, Henneguya spores are commonly found on skin and gills of fish in both dry and rainy seasons. The trend in prevalence and species composition of parasites observed in this study may reflect the specific time of nursing stage to apply interventions in order to reduce the pathogenic impact of the parasites.

The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of IgY egg yolk powders (IgY) in the resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus, causative agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease of whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). Immune parameters and survival rate of shrimp were evaluated after being challenge. The experiment consisted of four treatments: negative control treatment; positive control treatment; IgYA 0.5% treatment; and IgYB 0.5% treatment. The experiment recorded that the cumulative mortality rate of shrimp in negative control treatment (1.11%) and IgYB 0.5% supplementation treatment (21.1%) was lowest and significant difference (p

This research is aimed to find suitable salinity for growth and survival rate of black tiger shrimp postlarvae using biofloc technology. The experiment is in a completely randomized design with three replications of five treatments which are salinity of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25‰. Molasses was used to create biofloc with the ratio of C:N = 10:1, nursery tanks with a volume of 500 litres, shrimp density of 600 shrimp/m3. During the 30-day rearing period, the environmental parameters, bacterial density, bioflocs were in the suitable range for shrimp growth and development. Shrimp in the treatment of 15‰ had the highest weight (0.38 ± 0.01 g), which was significnatly different (p>0.05) to the treatment of 5 and 25‰ but not to other treatments. Survival rate (95.5±2.1%) and productivity (573±13 shrimp/m3) of shrimp at the treatment of 15‰ was a statistically significant difference (p 0.05) compared to the remaining treatments. The results showed that the nursing of black tiger shrimp based on biofloc technology at the salinity from 10 to 20‰ obtained good results.

Scallops, belonging to Pectinidae family, were collected from Nam Du Island, Kien Giang province from September 2017 to August 2018 to study the reproductive biology, especially reproductive cycle. Gonadal somatic index (GSI) of scallops reached high values from September to November and from January to March, in which, the maximum value was recorded in November (8.29±2.51%) and January (8.91±2.69%). Female scallops presented high GSI from September to November, from January to February and in June, in which highest GSI occurred in January (12.48 ± 4.05%) and November (9.59 ± 4.22%). The positive relationship between GSI and egg volume of female scallops was observed in January, June, September and November. The results showed that scallops in Nam Du Island could spawn all year round; however, highest spawning synchronization occurred in January, June and November.

The study aims to identify causes of the decline in the quality of the current Tai Nguyen rice compared to the one produced fore 2009 and factors affecting the quality of TN rice in all stages of the supply chain: production, processing and distribution. Qualitative and quantitative methods based on 567  sample observations were interviewed including chain actors, stakeholders and experts. Analytical methods were used such as applying the Just-in-time management model in agriculture to calculate the idle time in the supply chain and regression analysis. The results show that factors affecting the quality of TN rice include rehabilitated TN seed, source of brackish water, use of Bonsai (containing Paclobutrazol) and more nitrogen fertilizer. Factors in the preservation and processing stages consist of drying technology, milling technology and equipment inventory, paddy preservation time before drying and rice storage time after milling. In the distribution stage, mixing of inferior quality rice, time of rice preservation and distribution, and rice price are the factors that affect the quality of TN rice.

This study is aimed at compare the financial efficiency of traditional and organic rice models in two areas in the Mekong Delta. The primary data was collected by interviewing 168 households in Long My district (Hau Giang province) and Tam Binh district (Vinh Long province) where holding similar socio-economic conditions. The standardized profitability Cobb-Douglas model and Binary Logit model were used to analyze and compare financial efficiency, and identify the determinants of willingness to convert to the organic model. The research results indicated that more than 40% of households in the traditional model are willing to convert to an organic model. Cobb-Douglas function was employed to estimate the determinants of profit including standardized price of potassium, pesticides, and production area. Moreover, the Binary Logit model indicated that household head age increases the probability of willingness to convert from the traditional model to the organic model, while the production area and revenue of the traditional model reduce this probability. Based on the research results, this study then proposed some solutions and policy implications to improve the efficiency of rice production and enhance motivations for conversion to organic models.

Rice-shrimp model is considered as a farming system providing organic products and adapting to climate change. Nevertheless, it is facing many challenges and risks. This study is aimed to explore the perceived risk and effectiveness of risk management in the rice-shrimp model in Kien Giang Province. Data for this study were collected using a questionnaire survey through a face-to-face interview with 123 farmers. An explolatory factor analysis and multivatirate regression tools were used for the data analysis. The results show that three risk factors are most considered including the unstable quality of shrimp seed, variation in salinity level, and unstable quality of rice seed. Three risk management strategies are considered as the most effective including careful selection of seeds before purchasing, continuous checking the pH level in pond and buying the seeds from the prestige supplier. Results also show that gender, farming experience, educational level, farming area and technical consultancy affected the perceived risk and the effectiveness of risk management.

The research aims at comparing this research results to the same research which was conducted 10 years ago, by measuring the difference between the consumers rating perception and their rating expectation towards personal savings deposit at Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (Agribank), by using SERVQUAL scale dimension-by-dimension approach. The survey was conducted to 280 consumers who are using services at Agribank branches and transaction offices during the last quarter of 2019 towards service perception and service expectation, using the previous research results of Cronbach’s Alpha and EFA, in which there are four main factors: reliability, interaction quality, service environment and price. The comparison results show that the dimensions of both perception and expextation changed positively over the last ten years. Concurrently this research also suggests some activities should-be-done activities to Agribank management to close the perception and expectation gaps, as well as approach and apply new banking applications in the era of open and integrated economy.

This study aims to compare the estimated gross primary productivity (GPP) of dry dipterocarp forest at Ratchaburi, Thailand by using vegetation photosynthesis model (GPPVPM) and remote sensing data MODIS MOD17A2 (GPPMODIS) with observed GPP (GPPObs) in the period of 2010 – 2011. Data collected at eddy flux tower including the incident photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), temperature used to calculate temperature scalar in VPM model, net ecosystem exchange used to calculate the GPPObs. The land surface water index (LSWI) and enhance vegetation index (EVI) extracted from remote sensing imagery has been used to estimate water scalar (WScalar) and phenology scalar (Pscalar), respectively in GPP of VPM model. In the other hand, GPPMODIS has been extracted from MODIS MOD17A2 and removed the unreliable pixels. The results of comparation of GPPVPM and GPPMODIS with GPPObs showed that the VPM was more efficient (R2 = 0.75; RMSE = 2.34; MAE = 2.06; p < 0,001) than the MODIS in estimating the GPP (R2= 0.26; RMSE = 22.44; MAE = 18.45). The futher research on application of VPM to estimate GPP for different land use types should be concerned.

Climate change and urbanization are taking place more and more strongly, reducing water resources, increasing conflict among water users, especially between profitability of electricity generation and downstream water demand. In particular, Ba river basin has hydropower reservoirs of special importance to the socio-economic development of the Central Highlands. Therefore, this paper simulated the impact of the following factors:electricity price, power output, cost of electricity production, financial cost, corporate income tax, corporate management cost to financial results of 3 hydropower plants: Ba Ha, Hinh and Krong Hnang rivers based on Crystal Ball application. At the same time, combined with the qualitative method and based on the application of SPSS (EFA factor analysis method), general model of 12 risk factors affecting the financial efficiency of hydroelectric plant electricity in Ba river basin in operation phase was proposed. However, in order to have a more comprehensive assessment of the relationship between water - energy – food. It is necessary to study the integrated industry problem related to water resources in the Ba River basin: food, irrigation, domestic water supply, electricity generation, ecological environment.

Mimosa is a large genus of about 400 species of herbs and shrubs belonging to the Fabaceae family (Leguminosae). Many common species of this genus were reported with several important biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammation and antioxidant. This study is aimed to investigate morphological characteristics and genetic relationships among 3 species of Mimosa genus: Mimosa pudica, Mimosa pigra and Mimosa diplotricha. In this context, morphological characteristics indicated the similarities and differences of stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. It is also showed that all of three species have some typical traits of Mimosa genus such as stem with thorns, touched- sensitive leaves, light pink flowers and flowers are grouped into fluffy globular clusters. Individual characteristics of each species recorded show differences such as leaves, stems, flowers and fruits in size, color and shape. This study combined the morphological report with DNA barcoding data to improve the data. Phylogeny indicated that Mimosa pigra and Mimosa diplotricha are close relationship rather than Mimosa pudica basied on ITS marker and matK sequences analysis.