Simultaneous combined effects of sorbitol and ethanol on the aw and quality changes of dried snakeskin fish were studied. Before that, effect of sorbitol, as well as ethanol individually to aw changes of product were determined. There were a significant decrease in water activity of the product due to the addition of ethanol of 45 mL/kg salted fish. In case of sorbitol, the lowest value of aw of dried fish was obtained using this substance at a level of 10%. However, the mixture of 8% sorbitol combined with 35 mL ethanol/kg salted fish were suggested as a  critical value to the aw changes of product (aw = 0.67). With application of this procedure, the quality of dried fish was maintained until 5 weeks of storage. This can be showed by measuring of aw and peroxide value.

The Pseuderanthemum palatiferum (P. palatiferum) leaf-extracts were used to test acute and sub-chronic toxicity on 325 mice (Mus musculus). In testing acute toxicity, the leaf extract by water (WE) was dosed at the dose multiplied 143 times of the effective treating dose (0.7g dried leaf powder/kgBW) and the dose multiplied 600 times of the effective treating dose (0.05g ME/kgBW) with leaf extract by methanol (ME). In sub-chronic toxicity, mice were dosed the WE being equivalent to 1g dried leaf powder/kg BW and the ME at the dose of 0.1g/kg BW for 60 days. There were not any died mice in the acute toxicity tests. The weight, the numbers of erythrocyte and leukocyte, the biochemical parameters seemed to be not different with the control in the sub-chronic toxicity tests. The liver and kidney were in normal status from the results of autopsy tests. It was shown that P. palatiferum leaf-extract did not cause acute/sub-chronic toxicity and was safe for application.  

As defined inoculation starters for production of Huyet Rong ricw wine, mould starter was prepared from Amylomyces rouxii at the level of 108 spores/g starter and yeast starter was made from Saccharomyces cerevisiae at the level of 109 cells/g starter. The level of mould inoculation at 1,5%(w/w) with 3 days of mould incubation and the level of yeast inoculation at 0,3%(w/w) with 5 days of yeast incubation were found as favourable conditions for the manufacture of Huyet Rong rice wine. The glucose content produced during the saccharification process could reach at 23%(w/v) and the yield of alcoholic fermentation was found at 85%. The results indicated that defined starters can be applied for controlled rice wine production from different agricultural starchy ingredients.

The storage time of fresh lotus grain is too short, otherwise conservation time of dried lotus grain is longer but it lose more time to treatment before eating. Thus, ?studying on the canned lotus grain processing? worked out. The results showed that: (1) Product was processed by the lotus grain of 21 days old; (2) blanching lotus grain at temperature of 90oC for 4 minutes to prevent the browning of lotus grain; (3) Sugar solution adjusted the acidity at 0.05% of citric acid and sugar content of 30%; (4) Temperature of product before sealing at 85-90°C for assuring finished product obtained vacuum 300mmHg, the cans will not transform in the transport and conservation; (5) product was sterilized at temperature of 115°C having F-values of 2,9 min and extended quality shelf-life. 

Phenology of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton was carried out in Can Tho City and Hau Giang province with three surveys by using synthetic sex pheromone traps. Lure was a rubber septum impregnated with 0.2 mg mixture of Z7,Z11-16:Ald and Z7,Z11,E13-16:Ald at a ratio of 1:3, respectively. Results showed that, in the surveyed regions, P. citrella adult flight was throughout the year with the population dynamic much depending upon rainfall. Male capture was high during the dry and early rainy seasons (from January to May) when rainfall was low, but it was low from late to end of the rainy season (from June to December) when rainfall was high. While the population density curve in Hau Giang province showed three peaks appearing in January, April and August, that of in Can Tho City showed only two peaks appearing in February and April.

Peanut which is one kind of cereals has highly nutritional value. It is nowadays considered as an important export item inVietnamwith a significant foreign currency income. However Vietam, a tropical country, has advantages in environmental conditions for mold development.  In the case of peanut, Aspergillus is not only used to penetrate and to spoil the peanuts but also release toxic which causes cancer disease.  The presence of Aspergillus on the peanuts depends upon geographical location and kind of appropriate food. The experiment was conducted to isolate and to name some Aspergillus species in the peanuts at Xuan Khanh market ? Can Tho city. The research has found 4 Aspergillus species, namely, A.niger, A. oryzae, A flavus, A. ficuum.

Polianthes (Polianthes tuberosa L.) is a cut flower plant and very popular inMekongDelta. Because polianthes cultivating areas extended yearly led to pest increase on polianthes. Hydroponic is a crop culturing system which controls nutrient regime and resolves many problems relating soil disease. This research aimed to evaluate effects of different substrates (aggregate hydroponic) and nutrient media on the growth of disease free polianthes plantlets from tissue culture in hydroponic system. Experiment results showed that among three substrates, substrate, rice hull ash obtained better results than any other substrates such coconut coir powder and coconut coir powder combined rice hull ash. Among three nutrient media of hydroponic, nutrient, medium 3 (Larsen, 1972) obtained the the best results. Because this medium, polianthes grew well with earlier flowering, high ratio of flowerng and long inflourescence.

Aranda orchid is an intergeneric hybrid between the orchid genera Arachnis and Vanda (Arach x V). This is monopodial orchid with beautiful flowers, multicolor and strong growth.  Aranda is one of the cut flower plants with high economic values. This study aim to evaluate effects of NAA and BA combination on shoot multiplication and supplements of unidentified organic mixtures on the growth and development of plantlets. Methdology is based on two experiments to be efficient evaluation of BA and NAA combination on shoot multiplication and effects of unidentified organic mixtures on the growth and development of orchid plantlets. Results of experiments showed that medium for rapid shoot multiplication to be A medium. A medium is ẵ MS medium added  sucrose 30 g/l, agar 7,1 g/l, Pyrimidine 1 mg/l, Thiamine 1 mg/l, Nicotinic 4 mg/l, Myo-inositol 100 mg/l, Riboflavin 1 mg/l, NH4H2PO4 50 mg/l, (NH4)2HPO4 50 mg/l, coconut water 200 ml/l and supplemted NAA 1 mg/l and BA 5 mg/l. For growth and development of plantlets is B medium. B medium is ẵ MS medium added  sucrose 30 g/l, agar 9 g/l, activated charcoal 1 g/l and supplemted 50 g/l homogenous banana.  

The distilling method is one of the important factors affecting the yield and the quality of the final product of rice alcohol. By using the improved distilling system, this study investigated the favourable pressure levels (P) and the volumes of condensed water output (Q) during the distillation. The physicochemical analysis of distilled products including the contents of alcohol, aldehyde, ester, methanol and furfurol were determined and assessed based on the Vietnamese standard. The two treatments including P=0,5kPa combined with Q=100L/h and P=0,4kPa combined with Q=100L/h were found favourably for the distillation with the initial amount of final fermented products at 25-40L. This conclusion based on the good results of high yield, less time, work labour and achievement of the physicochemical standard regulation. The results of validation of rice alcohol prepared from defined starter and local starters also indicated that the improved distillation was obvious to be applied in decreasing significantly the contents of harmful by-products in the final distilled rice alcohol, particularly the aldehyde content.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of spraying Ca(NO3)2, MgSO4 and KNO3  combination plastic mulching on pulp quality of ?Monthong? durian. The experiment was carried out in 10-year old trees grown in Cho Lach district, Ben Tre province from 12/2006 to 4/2008. The experiments were arranged in randomized completely design, 5 replications, each replication equal to one tree. There were 4 treatment that (A) control (without spraying chemicals and mound mulching); (B) spraying Ca(NO3)2 0.2% two months after fruit set, 15 days later spraying MgSO4 0.2% plus spraying KNO3 1% one month before harvesting; (C) mound mulching at 25 days before harvest; (D) combination between treatment (B) and (C). The rate of fruit that uneven fruit ripening (UFR), rate of pulp unit UFR were recorded in 5 fruits per treatment. The results showed that the rate of UFP of all treatments were significant lower than that of control treatments but they were not effect on water content and TSS in flesh. Pre-harvest treatment caused the decrease in starch content, N, P, K level but increased Ca in leaf at harvesting time. Ca (X1) and K (X2) level in leaf were good variables to predict the rate of UFR (Y) following linear equation Y = -6.26X1+11.32X2+10.1 (R2 = 0.79).

The co-inoculation of a Sinorhizobium fredii isolate VN064 and Pseudomonas stutzeri isolate P14 was evaluated on soybean plants in three experimental fields in Dong Thap province. The result showed that grain yield of inoculated soybean [100 kg co-inoculant/ha] plus 20 kg N/ha did not differ with soybean grain yield applying with 100 kg N and 60 kg P2O5/ha but the quality of inoculated soybean seed [protein and lipid content in seed] was higher than soybean seed using of chemical fertilizers.

The germination of Sesbania sesban seeds was studied under controlled environmental conditions. Interactive effects of temperature and light, effects of salinity and effects of different pre-treatments of seeds were studied. There was no difference in germination percent between dark and light treatments, but the development of radical length was significantly influenced by both light conditions and temperature. Germination was highest at 30 and 37ºC but seeds also germinated readily at 22ºC. No germination was observed at low(5 and 13ºC)and high(45ºC)temperatures. Salinities up to 100 mM NaCl(5.8 ppt)did not influence the germination percentage, but at 200 and 250 mM germination was reduced to 29 and 17% respectively. Pre-treatment of seeds in hot water, sulphuric acid or calcium sulphate had only minor effect on germination rate.

Several soil samples and nodules of peanut were collected for the isolation and selection of bacteria for peanut cultivated on sandy soil of Tra Vonh province Fourteen Bradyrhizobium strains and 35 phosphate-solubilzing bacteria were isolated. When inoculated peanut with either both strains or single strain, bacteria increased plant height and dry weight of plant higher than the control. Nitrogen content in plants and in seed were higher than those of the control. The results also showed that when bacterial co- inoculant (double strains= nitrogen fixer /phosphate solubilizing bacteri) was  applied, farmers could save up to 50kgN/ha and 60kgP2O5/ha.

In the first experiment, three growing crossbred cattle (Lai Sind) were fed on a basal diet of rice straw and para and given a single drench of 6 ml/kg LW of either soybean oil or fish oil. Experiment two including 15 Lai Sind growing cattle (136-143 kg) was conducted at farmer?s housholds. The cattle were fed on the same diets as in experiment 1 and kept for 90 days after being given a single dose 6 ml/kg LW of soybean oil or fish oil. In both oil treatments,DM digestibility was improved from 54.4 (control) to 61.3 and 60.9% for soybean and fish oils, respectively. In the on-farm trial, growth rate increased to 14-15% in cattle given the oil drench compared to the control animals. Feed conversion ratio tended to be better in cattle given the oil drench. There were no differences between fish oil and soybean oil in the degree of beneficial effects on the cattle.

The collected data about growth and yield of sugarcane from 85 sugarcane fields in Hau Giang province were used to evaluate the simple mathematical equation to estimate sugarcane yield. The estimation of plant weight Wt (kg) was done by using the following formula: Wt = 0,268 x Ht x Dt (0,268: coefficient of evaluated stem weight; Ht: stem height at the survey time (m); Dt: stem diameter at the survey time (cm)). To estimate the harvested stem weight (W), the growth coefficient At at survey time is multiplied with Wt value makes stem weight W value as the following formula W = Wt x At. Harvested sugarcane yield is estimated by formula Y = W x Nt xBt x 10 (Nt: sugarcane density at the survey time (plants/m2); Bt: coefficient of sugarcane density at the survey time; 10: Yield calculated by tons per hectare). Basing on the evaluated yield, it is impossible to reach to 150 tons sugarcane/ha with the sugarcane plant density 7 plants/m2.

Black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) has been farmed in a wide range of salinity but the animal may grow differently in relation with salinity. This study aims to assesse the osmoregulation and growth of shrimp exposed to different salinities for practical recommendations of farming. The salinity tolerance and osmoregulation of shrimp was carried out in the 500-littre composite tanks. The salinity ranged from 0? to 70?. Osmotic pressure of water, blood and shrimp muscle was measured by the HR33T machine. The growth of shrimp (initial weight of 10 g each) was examined at four salinities including 3?, 15?, 25? and 35? for 90 days. Four composite tanks of 0.6 m3 (2x0.6x0.5 m) each were used for the experiment. Each tank was divided into 30 equal compartments by net and one shrimp was kept in each compartment. Shrimp was fed pelleted feed and fresh squid. The results showed that shrimp could not be able to control the osmoregulation at the salinity of 0?. The isotonic salinity was found at 26?. The salinity of 20? was the highest level, in which the osmotic pressure of the shrimp was higher than that of environment. The salinity of 32? was the lowest level, in which the osmotic pressure of the shrimp was lower than that of environment. Osmotic pressure value of the shrimp at the tested salinities was maintained stably during the experimental period. The salinity of 3? showed a good growth rate but the survival rate was lower than the other treatments (15, 25 and 35?). The osmoregulation influenced slightly to the growth rate and the molting cycle of the shrimp at the salinity of 35?. The study recommended that shrimp can growth normally in the salinity range of 3 to 35?.

The main objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of treated intervals and concentrations of Carbendazim on postharvest diseases in Chau Nghe mangoes with fungicide residue doses in fruits below the maximum limitation. The experiments was carried out in randomized complete design with 2 factors: the treated interval and Carbendazim concentration, 4 replications and 9 treatments with combinations of 3 treatment intervals (7 days, 3 days before harvesting and dipping fruits immediately after harvesting) and 3 Carbendazim concentrations (0 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm). Results showed that: spraying Carbendazim (500 ppm) 3 days before harvesting restricted appearance of diseases in Chau Nghe mango fruits. All treatments Carbendazim residue in Chau Nghe mango fruits is very low (3,8-152,8 àg/kg), below the maximum residue limitation of FAO in 2008.

Project was performed to find favorable humidity and Benomyl concentration without some alterring characteristics of Sanh King mandarin, Đuong mandarin and NamRoi pomelo fruit postharvest. Experiments were performed on the basis of a Completely Randomized Design, two factor: (1) humidities (75 3%, 85 2% và 99 1) at 200C temperature; (2) concentrations of Benomyl (0 ppm and 1000 ppm), six treatments and six replication. Results showed that: Benomyl had no effect on some characteristics of Sanh King mandarin fruit postharvest. Storage Sanh King mandarin fruit at relative humidity 99 1% and at 200C temperature resulted good. Storage affter 7 weeks (Sanh King mandarin), affter 30 days (Đuong mandarin) and affter 12 weeks (andNam Roi pomelo) treatment, fruit had no infection observed and peel colorwas changed to green yellow. Fruit weight loss ratio was low, TSS and vitamin C content on juice fruit were almost stable to throughout the posthartvest storage time.

The result of research identified 152 species, 116 genera, 62 families of 4 tracheophyte phyla: Bryophyta phylum, Lycopodiophyta phylum, Polypodiophyta phylum and Magnoliophyta phylum. In there, 57 species are useful as medicament, fruit-tree, ornament,?and three habitats in survey area (habitat with natural flora, habitat with the flora of farming land and habitat with the flora of land tenure).

A study was carried out on lotus seeds of different maturities grown at Thoai Son district, An Giang province for their physico?chemical  composition. From this study, the relation of physical properties of lotus seed of ripening stages can be determined by regression equation. While the changes of apparent density of lotus seeds can be described using polynomial regression, their hardness and moisture content were estimated using simple regression. In addition, moisture changes were inversely proportional to hardness of lotus seed of different maturities. The growth of lotus seed can be divided into 3 stages: development (younger than 17 days), maturity (17 ữ23 days) and overmature (older than 23 days).  

Production  of starter from the selected target strain of  Amylomyces rouxii was studied. A. rouxii was able to produce up to 28% (w/v of fermented moulded mass) glucose during the saccharification. The mixed ingredients of broken maize and rice husk were favourable to be used for production of mould starter. The viable spores  were determined by fluorescent counting in which the mould viability was at 106 spores/g mould starter. The results showed that after a 2 months storage test of mould starter at ambient temperature, the mould viability and its ability of glucose production trended to decrease although its contribution in the saccharification was also clearly performed.           Sản xuất bột mốc thuần  từ nguồn giống chủng là nấm mốc Amylomyces rouxii đã được nghiên cứu A. rouxii có hoạt tính cao trong quá trình đường hóa, hàm lượng glucoz có thể đạt đến 28% (w/v). Môi trường thích hợp dùng cho sự sản xuất bột mốc gồm có bắp mảnh và trấu.   Mật số  bào tử nấm mốc còn sống được xác định bằng phương pháp đếm huỳnh quang, kết quả đạt đến nồng độ 106 bào tử/g bột mốc. Kết quả cho thấy sau 2 tháng thử nghiệm tồn trữ bột giống ở điều kiện nhiệt độ tự nhiên, tuy nấm mốc vẫn còn thể hiện hoạt tính đường hóa nhưng mật số và hoạt tính của nấm mốc có chiều hướng giảm.  

Amylomyces rouxii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were applied as the inoculation for the defined starter processing. The mixed ingredients of broken maize and rice husk were favourable to be used for production of mould starter powder, and the incubation time was 6 days. The yeast starter powder was prepared in a 20l fermentation tank, in which the yeast level was found at 109 cells/yeast starter powder. The ratio of 1,5% mould starter and 0,4% yeast starter was found to be favourable for making purple glutinous rice wine. Rice flour, rice flour and cassava flour were able to be used as raw ingredients in production of defined starter. The alcoholic fermentation ability of defined starter was found to decrease during the storage; however, the ethanol contents produced by using starter after 12 months of storage was still highly performed (16,2% (v/v) ở 20oC). Three undesirable bacterial isolates in defined starter were characterized as Bacillus subtilis/amyloliquefaciens that is not produced toxic substance and not considered as a human pathogen. Amylomyces rouxii và Saccharomyces cerevisiae được sử dụng làm giống chủng cho qui trình sản xuất men rượu thuần. Bắp mảnh và trấu là cơ chất thích hợp cho môi trường sản xuất bột mốc, và thời gian ủ mốc là 6 ngày. Qui trình sản xuất bột men được thử nghiệm trong bình 20lít, và mật số tế bào nấm men có thể đạt đến 109 tế bào/g bột men. Tỉ lệ gồm 1,5% bột mốc và 0,4% bột men là thích hợp cho qui trình sản xuất rượu nếp than. Thành phần là bột gạo, hỗn hợp bột gạo và bột khoai mì thích hợp làm môi trường để sản xuất men rượu thuần gồm tổ hợp mốc và men. Hoạt tính men rượu có chiều hướng giảm trong quá trình lên men rượu sau thời gian tồn trữ, tuy vậy nồng độ cồn đạt được khi sử dụng men rượu sau 12 tháng tồn trữ vẫn còn thể hiện khá cao (16,2 % (v/v) ở 20oC). Vi khuẩn lây nhiễm trong men rượu thuần có tên Bacillus subtilis/amyloliquefaciens là loài vi khuẩn không sinh độc tố và không nhiễm bệnh đối với người.

Blood cockle (Anadara granosa) was cultured in Tilapia?Greenwater system at 3 different salinities of 10?, 20? and 30? with 3 replications/treatment. Tilapia was cultured at the density of 40 fish/tank with the weight of 30 ? 40 g/fish to stimulate growth of Chlorella algae before stocking cockles. Cockles were released in plastic cage (60 ind./0.15 m2) and kept inside  cultured tank (1.5m3/each). Results showed that algal density varied from 10.000 ? 3.550.000 cells/ml and the fluctuation was different among treatments (P

This study was conducted at Research and Agricultural Practical Farm ofCanthoUniversityfrom August-2007 to Ferbruary-2008 to investigate the effects of extending-daylength treatment on the flower bud growth and quality of potted ?Mam Xoi? Chrysanthemum. There were four treatments (control, extending-daylength 2, 4, and 6 hours) with four replications each, and three pots equal to one unit of experiment. The experimental design was randomized complete block. For extending-daylength, 75 watt incandescent bulb was hung 70 cm above the highest point of flower bud about 20 and 40 day old. Extending-daylength treatments  were implemented in one month, and  bulbs were turned on daily  at 17:30. Results showed that extending-daylength on 40-day old flower bud increased flower diameter and petal length, but it did not caused any significant impact on the color of flower. Among treatments, extending-daylength 6 hrs provided highest result, both in flower diameter (37.4 mm) and length of petal (1.7 cm). Contrarily, extending-daylength on 20 day old flower bud inhibited flower growth, which led to un-blossom and deformed flowers.

Endo-(1?4)-??D-xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8), shortly called xylanases, are the most important enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of arabinoxylan. To obtain more insight into the properties of the xylanases, the xylanases were isolated from germinated wheat kernels. Different wheat xylanase isoforms were purified in one pool from a crude extract of wheat germinated for 24 days. Soluble wheat proteins were fractionated by ammonium sulfate precipitation and anion exchange chromatography. Then the wheat xylanases were selectively isolated by affinity chromatography with anti-barley xylanase antibodies.  The N-terminal sequences of the different isoforms of wheat xylanases were determined by Edman degradation. Based on the alignment of the N-termini with the amino acid sequence of wheat xylanase, theoretical molecular masses ranging from approximately 60 kDa to 20 kDa and theoretical pI values ranging from 4,69 to 5,75 were calculated for the different xylanase isoforms.

Seeded fruit of ?NamRoi? pummelo is caused by cross pollination with other pollens of citrus. Spraying gibberellin 100 ppm at before and after opening stage of flower diminished 90% quantity of seed per fruit. Another studying also showed that copper-sulphate solution with 1-200 ppm concentration significantly inhibited pollen germination of ?Long? pummelo cultivar after soaking 6 hours on these solutions. However, these applying solutions with 100-200 ppm concentration did not effect to decreasing seed per fruit on theNamRoi plantation intercropping with ?Long? pummelo.

Of 50 yeast isolates from ?banh men?, 9 strains were selected based on their better fermentative capacity in glucose solution after 14 hours of fermentation. These selected strains were studied further for their fermentation rate in saccharified glutinous rice liquid for 5 days at 30°C. They performed successfully in the alcoholic fermentation with mostly using of a relative high initial percentage of glucoz in which 8.6% (w/v) ethanol was produced from the initial reducing sugars at 18% (w/v). In the experiment of challenge with added ethanol, the yeast growth was inhibited by ethanol levels of 5 to 6% (w/v) in case of 7 isolates and 2.4 to 3% (w/v) ethanol in case of 2 isolates. The selected yeast strains were generally characterized as a genera of Saccharomyces based on the macro- and micro-morphological examination.

Nước trái cây hỗn hợp được chế biến từ sơ ri, chanh dây, khóm là sản phẩm nước giải khát chất lượng cao, có mùi vị đặc biệt thơm ngon, chứa nhiều vitamin C, giúp tăng tính đề kháng cho người sử dụng. Tỉ lệ phối chế nguyên liệu và tỉ lệ pha loãng đều ảnh hưởng đến mùi vị và màu sắc sản phẩm. Qua quá trình nghiên cứu kết quả thu nhận được: (1) tỉ lệ phối chế 50% dịch quả sơ ri, 10% dịch quả chanh dây, 40% dịch quả khóm; thành phẩm chứa 70% dịch quả hỗn hợp, nồng độ đường đạt 20%, sản phẩm có màu sắc, mùi vị phù hợp; (2) Chế độ thanh trùng nhiệt độ càng cao, thời gian giữ nhiệt dài làm biến đổi mùi vị sản phẩm do xuất hiện mùi nấu chín, và sự tổn thất vitamin C càng nhiều. Vì vậy,  sản phẩm được chọn thanh trùng ở nhiệt độ 900C, có giá trị thanh trùng PU = 34,39phút, giữ được chất lượng và đảm bảo an toàn thực phẩm.

To limit the fruitlet dropping and maintain fruit setting of ?Chau Nghe? mangoes, a field experiment was carried out on the mango variety ?Chau Nghe? (7-8 years old) in Cang Long district, TraVinhprovinceby foliar application of plant growth regulators. Randomized complete design was used for experimentation with seven treatments, four replications and each mango tree was considered as one replication. Treatments in experiment were: (1) water; (2) NAA (40 ppm); (3) GA3 (30 ppm); (4) 2,4-D (2 ppm); (5) NAA (40 ppm) + GA3  (30 ppm); (6) NAA (40 ppm) + 2,4-D (2 ppm); (7) GA3 (30 ppm) + 2,4-D (2 ppm). The experimental results indicated that the treatment with 2,4-D (2 ppm) showed the best result in decreasing fruitlet dropping, increasing fruit number per tree (48 fruits/tree) and fruit yield (17.9 kg/tree); especially for the ratio of fruits in class 1 and 2. NAA application in 40 ppm increased fruit?s total sugar content. The treatment with NAA (40 ppm) and GA3 (30 ppm) increased fruit?s dry matter. Combination of NAA (40 ppm) and 2,4-D (2 ppm) increased fruit?s starch content.

A study was carried out on six snakeskin fish groups (mass changes from 60 g/fish to larger 120 g/fish) for their related physical attributes.  The results showed that the physico-chemical parameters of snakeskin fish groups differed from one to another which are supposed to be due to the difference in their total fish development. At mature period, length increase was profound compared to the other dimensions. However, similar quantity of flesh or other portions were recorded. In addition, chemical composition of fish (larger 90 g/fish) was determined. 

The good carbon source for nitrogen fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria was glycerol (10g/l) and molasses (10g/l) respectively. The good nitrogen source for both kinds of bacteria was potassium nitrate (1g/l). The suitable combination of carrier for good survival of these two bacteria was peat (75%) and bagasse (25%). High survival of bacteria was higher than 109CFU/g of carrier after incubating 3 months at 300C or after 6 months at 250C. The results from the field experiments showed that the yield of inoculated peanut in Duyen Hai district increased up to 24% compared to the control and 25,4% in Cau Ngang district. Inoculated peanut with nitrogen fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria,  80kgN and 80 kgP2O5 could be saved.

The aims of study were to use the strong acting proteases available in the autolysis process for getting the high quality protein content from earthworm Perionyx excavatus. Autolysate powder with high amine nitrogen content and good sensory value were mixed with by- ingredients and carried out feeding the larvae of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) to assess the earthworm autolysate effect. Using spray-drier produced highest qualified protein powder with bright yellow color and good flavor. This powder was safe in terms of food microorganism and contained all essential amino acids. The larvae of black tiger shrimp was fed with 50.5% the earthworm autolysate meal got better in length growth and  quality of Postlarvae-15 than those fed with  non-autolysis meal and the commercial Frippak.

Pollutions of heavy metals are of concern because of their toxicity and their persistence in the environment. This study determined concentrations of Zn, Cu and Pb in sediments  and water. Sediment and water samples were taken at the canals, rivers, estuaries, and swamps;  soil and water samples were collected from mangrove forests in the dry and wet seasons. The results showed that, the levels of Zn, Cu and Pb in sediment samples decreased progressively from rivers to estuaries. Concentrations of Zn and Cu in water from the survey area were over the Vietnamese water standard for aquaculture, while Pb concentrations were well within the standard. Cu, Zn, Pb concentrations were positively correlated among themselves, and their levels decreased with distance from residential areas. The pollution and the mobility of Zn, Cu and Pb are needed to be studied further. 

To evaluate the effect of Pseuderanthemum palatiferum on preventing and treating piglet diarrhea, Pseuderanthemum palatiferum in both dried leaf powder (LP) form and as an extract (LE) on preventing and treating diarrhea in piglets, 373 suckling and 400 weaned piglets were used in six experiments carried out in the Experimental Pig Farm of CanTho University and Mien Tay pig farm in the Mekong Delta. The results showed that LP with a dosage of 0.2g/kg body weight (B.W)/day was the most effective with respect to growth rate, number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin concentration and packed blood cell volume and in preventing diarrhea. The LE with a dosage of 0.05g/kg B.W was the most effective for treating piglet diarrhea. It is concluded that the leaves of Pseuderanthemum palatiferum, in either dried form or as a liquid extract, can be useful alternative to antibiotics in the prevention and treatment of piglet diarrhea

A complete randomized experiment was carried out to assess growth performance, nutrient digestibility and economic returns determined by crossbred rabbits fed para grass (PG)  basal diets supplemented different levels of soya waste (SW) included in five diets with three replicates and 4 rabbits per experimental unit. The results indicate that the rabbits fed para grass supplemented SW had significantly (P

Two Oleanan-triterpenes, Echinocystic acid (CMC2) and Eclalbasaponin II (CMA3) were isolated from chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of Eclipta prostrata L. by chromatographic methods.  Their structures were eluciated by spectrometric methods  including 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, COSY, DEPT, HSQC,HMBC,MS.

A complete randomized experiment was carried out to evaluate growth performance, nutrient digestibility and economic returns determined by crossbred rabbits fed para grass (PG) diets in which Wedelia trilobata (WT) repalaced PG at different levels (0, 30, 50, 70 and 90%). There were five diets with three replicates and 4 rabbits per experimental unit. The results indicate that the rabbits fed PG diets replaced by WT improved feed and nutrient utilization. Significantly higher daily  intakes of DM, OM, CP and EE were found in the ĐC70 and ĐC90 diets (P

A field study was conducted at Hoa An, Kinh Cung and Tan Binh communes, Phung Hiep district, Hau Giang province, 2 seasons in series to determine effects of bio-organic fertilizers on the yield and quality of water convolvulus (Ipomoea aquatica, Forsk). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were 1/ inorganic fertilizer 100-80-40 kgNPK/ha as control, 2/ bio-organic fertilizer 30 t/ha, 3/ bio-organic fertilizer 30 t/ha + inorganic fertilizer 50-40-20 kgNPK/ha, 4/ bio-organic fertilizer 15 t/ha + inorganic fertilizer 50-40-20 kgNPK/ha. The whole of  bio-organic fertilizers and ẵ inorganic fertilizer were basal application, the rest of inorganic fertilizer used interval 5 days by watering, convolvulus seed rate of  300 kg/ha. Results showed that at the first season, there were not significant different among treatments on leaf size, leaf number and total yield (18,89-20,68 tấn/ha), nitrate content was highest (83,3 mg/kg) at control treatment of inorganic fertilizer 100-80-40 kgNPK/ha but lower than the maximum residue limitation. The second season, there were significant different among treatments on the growth and average yield, highest yield (11,63 tấn/ha) was bio-organic fertilizer 30 t/ha + inorganic fertilizer 50-40-20 kgNPK/ha, lowest yield was inorganic fertilizer 100-80-40 kgNPK/ha as control (7,83t/ha). The treatment of bio-organic fertilizer 30 t/ha had higest input and economic return 31.878.00 VN dong/ha/ first season and  17.645.000 VN dong/ha/second season

Twenty one coccinellids from 5 subfamilies (Coccinellinae, Coccidulinae, Scymninae, Chilocorinae và Epilachninae) were recorded on five groups of plants (rice, vegetables, maize, fruit trees and ornamental plants) from April of 2004 to December of 2005 in CanTho city. The most important ones belong to Coccinellinae with seven species (Coccinella transversalis J.Poorani, Harmonia octomaculata Fabricius, Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius, Micraspis discolor Fabricius, Synonycha grandis Thunberg, Anisolemnia dilatata Fabricius, Coelophora saucia Mulsant). Among 21 species recorded,  the most common ones are Coccinella transversalis J., Menochilus sexmaculatus F., Micraspis discolor F..

The result of analysing the Pseuderanthemum palatiferum leaves planted in Cantho university showed that: their nutritional values were very high with Ca =1,33-2,99%, P=0,47%, K =2,97-4,24%, Mg =1,20-2,16%, Mn =195,63-499,67 mg/kg, Zn =65,17-65,21 mg/kg, Fe = 141,29-238,97 mg/kg and Cu =11,95-20,65 mg/kg and these values in old leaves higher than young ones (except K and Cu); specially, the crude protein was very high (21,85-30,77%) while the crude fibre (11,17-15,01%), neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre were low; ether extract: 5,49-12,82%, in the dry season these values were higher than the ones in  rainy season; their amino acid values were high, too, and they were different in young leaves and old ones between dry season and rainy season.

This paper presents the influences of the zinc hydrate salts on the synthetic reaction of zinc tetrasulfophthalocyanine (ZnTSPc). The highest yield of this reaction was carried out with Zn(CH3COO)2.2H2O or ZnCl2 salt in sulfolane solvent.

Wood apple (Limonia acidissima L.) is a fruit tree grown in tropical zone. It was known not only its antiseptic properties but also a high nutrition value. Unfortunately, it is not found more researches in this fruit. The study was performed to determine some specific characteristics of wood apple. In addition, important parameters of fruit fermentation process were investigated. The results showed that, average weight of a wood apple varied from 500 to 700 g. It was also found that recovery of pulp, total soluble solid (TSS), total sugar, moisture content and pH value were 56.56%, 15.860Bx, 40.07% (db),  72.27%, and 4.0, respectively. The fermentation process can be performed with ratio of fruit pulp and water was 1:3 in common with optimal pH (4.1), TSS (200Bx), and 0.04% Saccharomyces cervisae additions.

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