This paper details the construction of an automated pilot plant for classifying and sorting products based on color. A deep learning model has been trained on a custom dataset, enabling it to predict and recognize objects within the application field of this study. In addition, the PLC S7-1200 controller is used to control a classification module-comprising a two-axis robotic mechanism and a conveyor belt-to sort blue and red workpieces into their corresponding bins, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that the system operates stably and efficiently, achieving a success rate up to 100% with a confidence of 90% for red objects and 80% for blue objects. This further confirms the reliability of this technology for smart manufacturing applications.

This paper presents a comparative study on the performance and robustness of nonlinear controllers: Backstepping, Sliding Mode Control (SMC), and RISE on an inverted pendulum model. The main contribution is the development of a unified evaluation framework that simultaneously analyzes tracking accuracy, settling time, RMS error, and control energy under actuator saturation constraints. The controllers are verified through three scenarios: nominal conditions, external disturbances, and extreme uncertainties (a 3000% increase in pendulum mass). Results show that Backstepping achieves high energy efficiency under nominal conditions but its robustness degrades in the presence of disturbances and model deviations. SMC offers fast disturbance rejection but consumes higher energy and is sensitive to measurement noise. RISE achieves a better balance among tracking accuracy, disturbance rejection capability, and control signal oscillation thanks to its error integral mechanism, despite requiring higher transient energy and complex parameter tuning.

The construction of roadway embankments on soft ground requires not only stability and settlement control but also careful balancing of excavation and fill volumes, particularly in low-lying areas where suitable borrow materials are limited. Due to high void ratios, elevated natural water content, and significant compressibility, soft soils exhibit considerable differences between in-situ excavation volume and compacted embankment volume. This study develops a theoretical basis for determining the conversion coefficient from excavated soil to compacted embankment soil (kcđ) and the utilization coefficient of excavated soil (ktd). The influence of soft ground settlement on embankment volume demand is also quantified. The database includes 20 datasets collected from eight provinces, comprising 105 laboratory-tested samples obtained from two roadway projects. Regression results demonstrate a strong quadratic relationship between natural dry unit weight (γk) and both kcđ and ktd, with coefficients of determination (R²) of 0.9457 and 0.9572, respectively. The results contribute a systematic and integrated perspective on the quantification of embankment fill volume in road projects founded on soft ground conditions.

In the context of land subsidence and sea-level rise in the Mekong Delta, particularly in Can Tho City, this study proposes an "Adaptive Architecture" solution through an open ground floor townhouse model. Shifting away from passive defence measures, the research focuses on flexible spatial planning and reserve floor level design. Utilizing field surveys combined with measurements using laser levels and laser distance meters at 15 typical buildings in Can Tho, the study conducts a quantitative analysis of floor level variations. Simultaneously, a Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) model is employed to verify economic efficiency. The results indicate that the "reserve height" strategy, combined with "dynamic connectivity," enables buildings to self-adjust to changes in infrastructure elevation without requiring interventions in the primary structure. Life cycle economic analysis demonstrates that despite an initial investment increase of 10-15%, this solution completely eliminates periodic floor-raising renovation costs, ensuring sustainable livelihoods for urban residents.

Analysing the latent emotional states of players in a real-world competitive environment is a challenging problem due to the inconsistent video quality and limitations of current methods for modelling emotional dynamics over time. This paper proposes an integrated system that assesses facial image quality (FIQA) as a reliability signal within a time-series model, allowing for continuous monitoring of facial expressions even under shaky, blurry, or partially obscured images. Based on the acquired latent state space, the study proposes three quantitative indices: Latent Stability Index (LSI), Temporal Drift Index (TDI), and Latent Variability Index (LVI) to characterise the stability and variability of emotions over time. Experimental results show that the system is capable of consistently reflecting the evolution of emotional states in real-world competition situations. The study is positioned as a proof-of-concept, laying the groundwork for analysing the underlying emotional states from sports videos and opening up potential applications in supporting performance analysis and tactical decision-making.

This study evaluates the current status of Non-Revenue Water (NRW) and proposes solutions to reduce water losses at Tra Noc – O Mon Water Supply Joint Stock Company. Data from 2018 – 2024 were analyzed using the Pettitt test to identify trends and variations in NRW. The results indicate that although NRW has gradually decreased, it remains high, particularly in O Mon with an average rate of 13.86%. In addition, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to determine the priority level of NRW reduction solutions. AHP results from 15 experts showed that the technical criterion has the highest weight, and proactive leak control is the top-priority solution (0.227). The study highlights that implementing an integrated set of technical and managerial measures is essential to reduce NRW to below 10% by 2030. The findings provide a scientific basis for investment planning and for improving the operational efficiency of the water supply system.

This study evaluated the efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from synthetic wastewater simulating sugarcane processing effluent using a photocatalytic method with ZnO materials synthesized from papaya (Carica papaya) leaf extract (ZnO-DD) and aloe vera (Aloe vera) leaf extract (ZnO-LH). The materials were prepared via a green synthesis approach and investigated under various operating conditions, including pH, catalyst dosage, reaction time, UV lamp power, and reusability. The results showed that ZnO-DD exhibited higher COD removal efficiency than ZnO-LH under all investigated conditions. Under optimal conditions (pH 8, catalyst dosage of 0.5 g, reaction time of 60 min, and UV lamp power of 20 W), the COD removal efficiencies reached 62.22% for ZnO-DD and 53.33% for ZnO-LH. In addition, ZnO-DD demonstrated better reusability, with COD removal efficiencies of 58.10%, 46.67%, and 35.24% after three consecutive cycles, which were higher than those obtained for ZnO-LH. These findings indicate that biologically synthesized ZnO materials, particularly ZnO-DD, have considerable potential for the treatment of organic wastewater containing refractory compounds, contributing to the development of environmentally friendly and cost-effective wastewater treatment technologies.

The objective of this study is to assess the implementation progress of land-use planning within the same planning period in Ngoc To Commune, Can Tho City, through a simple quantitative indicator set. The study uses three indicators: (i) the Land-Use Status Change Index (Ki) to quantify the intensity of land-use change over time; (ii) the Plan Implementation Rate (Ri) to evaluate the extent to which land-use targets have been achieved at the midterm review; and (iii) the Plan Acceleration Coefficient (Pi) to determine the degree of acceleration required to implement the remaining targets by the end of the planning period. The results show that eight land-use types developed in directions contrary to the planning objectives (Ri from -596.05 to -2.02), and the group with the highest acceleration requirement (Pi ≥ 5) comprises six land-use types that must increase implementation speed by at least five times compared with the 2021 – 2025 period to have a realistic chance of meeting their 2030 targets. These findings indicate that the Ki - Ri - Pi indicator set can help local authorities detect implementation deviations at an early stage, prioritize resources for land-use types requiring focused implementation, and provide a scientific basis for adjusting land policies and land-use planning schemes in the context of Ngoc To being a newly consolidated administrative unit.

This study evaluates the photocatalytic efficiency of sol–gel synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles for the removal of Congo Red (CR) dye from water. The TiO2 material was characterized using SEM, BET and pHpzc, revealing nearly spherical particles with sizes of 20 - 80 nm, a specific surface area of 46.853 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.05 cm3/g, an average pore diameter of 2.34 nm, and a pHpzc of approximately 5.5. The photocatalytic performance was investigated under varying pH, TiO2 dosage, reaction time, temperature, and UV light intensity. The optimal conditions were determined as: pH = 3, TiO2 dosage 0.75 g/L, reaction time 120 min, temperature 30 °C, and 4 UV lamps, achieving a removal efficiency of approximately 98%. These results indicate that the synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles exhibit high photocatalytic activity and have strong potential for practical application in treating textile wastewater containing recalcitrant azo dyes.

This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract from Persicaria odorata. The contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, and polysaccharides were determined using spectrophotometric methods. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), reducing power (RP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays. The extract contained flavonoids (579.17 ± 8.33 mg QE/g), polyphenols (94.35 ± 4.49 mg GAE/g), saponins (9.44 ± 2.66 mg ACE/g), and polysaccharides (49.58 ± 2.78 mg GE/g). The extract showed antioxidant activity in all assays, with the strongest in the ABTS assay (EC₅₀ = 129.89 ± 0.73 µg/mL). Correlation analysis revealed strong associations between polyphenol and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity, suggesting their important contributions. These findings provide a scientific basis for the potential utilization of P. odorata as a natural source of antioxidants.

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with hypertension accounting for the highest proportion of cardiovascular disorders. Inappropriately prescribed antihypertensive therapy can result in target organ damage and subsequently increase the risk of cardiovascular events and renal disease. The objectives of this study were: (1) This study aims to describe the prescribing patterns of antihypertensive medications among outpatients at the Long My District Medical Center, Hau Giang, in 2024. (2) To evaluate the appropriateness of antihypertensive medications among outpatients with hypertension. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on 523 outpatient prescriptions containing antihypertensive medications collected from January 1, 2024, to March 31, 2024. Based on the optimal strategy, the proportion of inappropriate prescriptions accounted for 58.13% of the total. The implementation of personalized treatment goals is necessary to improve the efficacy of hypertension therapy and minimize the risk of complications.

Perovskite CH₃NH₃PbI₃ (MAPbI₃) is a highly promising light‐absorbing material for solar cell applications. To achieve high efficiency, the perovskite film must exhibit full surface coverage, optimal thickness, and a low residual PbI₂ content. In this study, the parameters affecting the quality of MAPbI₃ films, including PbI₂ concentration, spin‐coating speed, and the reaction time between methylammonium iodide (MAI) and lead(II) iodide (PbI₂) during vacuum evaporation, were investigated using a simple and low-cost fabrication process that is well suited to laboratory conditions. The properties of the thin films were characterized using various techniques. The crystal structure and phase composition were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The surface morphology and grain size were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The film thickness was measured using a stylus profilometer. In addition, the optical properties of the films were analyzed by ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy (UV–Vis spectroscopy). The results show that with a PbI₂ concentration of 1.25 M, a spin-coating speed of 4000 rpm, and a reaction time of 50 min, the fabricated perovskite solar cell achieved a power conversion efficiency of 9.04%.

This paper proposes the application of the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and Trend Regression Models with Seasonal Dummy Variables (TRM-SDVs) to investigate clustering and forecasting for a series of average monthly clearness index data. The data distribution across the months of the year is grouped according to the standard groups obtained from the HMM setup process; this clustering result is consistent with the clustering observations in the TRM-SDVs equation. For forecasting, because the TRM-SDVs is suitable for the seasonality of the data series, its application provides better error metrics compared to HMM forecasts. Applications using these two modeling methods allow for reliable comparison of results and the selection of the optimal forecasting model. Experiments were conducted on solar radiation datasets measured from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2025 at the meteorological station located at Can Tho International Airport (10.0851° N, 105.7120° E).

This study compared the effectiveness of two semen extenders: Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) and a modified BTS in which sodium bicarbonate was replaced with HEPES buffer (BTSH) during storage at 17°C for 96 h. The evaluated parameters included pH, osmotic pressure, sperm viability, membrane integrity assessed by the HOST, and sperm motility characteristics analyzed using a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. The results demonstrated that BTSH maintained more stable pH and osmotic pressure, while significantly improving sperm motility and viability compared with BTS (p < 0.05), thereby reducing unfavorable fluctuations in the semen extenders throughout the storage period. After 96 hours of storage, BTSH achieved a viability of 73.67 ± 0.88% and total motility of 76.01 ± 1.79%, which were markedly higher than those obtained with BTS. Overall, the findings indicate that BTSH is the most suitable extender for boar semen storage at 17°C for up to 96 hours, effectively preserving overall sperm quality, motility, and plasma membrane stability throughout the storage duration.

Canine heart diseases are morphological and functional abnormalities of the heart, such as heart valve disease, cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disease. The current study was conducted to investigate the proportion and risk factors of canine heart disease at veterinary clinics. Dogs brought to the veterinary clinic system with clinical signs of heart disease were examined with radiography, serum cNT-proBNP, and echocardiography. In a total of 320 dogs brought to veterinary clinics, the proportion of canine heart disease was  9.38%. Dog breed is a risk factor for canine heart disease. Foreign dog breeds had a higher e percentage than domestic dogs (7.19% and 2.19%, respectively). Sex and age did not increase the risk of canine heart disease. Symptoms observed in dogs with heart disease were coughing (36.67%), cyanosis (33.33%), dyspnea (26.67%), and seizures (3.33%). Canine heart valve disease was the most common cardiac abnormality, accounting for 50% of dogs with heart disease. The percentage of canine cardiomyopathy and congenital heart disease was 1.87% and 2.5%, respectively. No dogs with two or more types of heart disease were observed in the study.

Kaempferia rotunda L. (Zingiberaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine for nourishing the blood, regulating menstruation, stopping bleeding, relieving pain, detoxifying the body, and reducing swelling. However, information on the botanical characteristics of this species in Vietnam remains limited. This study aimed to describe the botanical characteristics and analyze the DNA sequence of a specimen collected in Lam Dong Province, Vietnam. The results showed that K. rotunda possesses several distinctive morphological features. Each root arising from the rhizome forms an egg-shaped tuberous root, and the inflorescence emerges before the leaves. The calyx is split on one side with three small apical teeth, while the corolla tube is divided into narrow, white, strip-like segments. The labellum is purple and bilobed, and the stigma is funnel-shaped and hairy. The rhizome contains numerous yellow–orange secretory cells with a characteristic aroma, and the tuberous roots are white and rich in starch. Sequence comparison revealed that the obtained gene sequence shares 96.03% similarity with previously published K. rotunda sequences. These findings provide valuable data for the identification and classification of this species in Vietnam.

Leaves of the wild guava plant (Psidium guajava L.) are abundant in polyphenols, which are known for their significant antioxidant properties and potential to inhibit α-glucosidase. This research utilized pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) to maximize the total polyphenol content (TPC) and assess the biological activities of the extracts. A central composite design was used within the response surface methodology (RSM) framework to explore how ethanol concentration (34.75-65.25%), extraction temperature (64.75-95.25 °C), and extraction time (2.375-17.625 min) influenced TPC, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀). The ideal extraction conditions were identified as 49.03% ethanol, 79.58 °C, and 9.21 min. Under these conditions, the extract showed a TPC of 240.113 ± 3.792 mg GAE/g dry weight, DPPH activity of 408.831 ± 8.425 mg TE/g dry weight, and an IC₅₀ value for α-glucosidase inhibition of 3.146 ± 0.387 µg/mL. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated strong links between polyphenol content and the biological activities observed. This research advocates for the continued advancement of pressurized liquid extraction as a method for effectively recovering polyphenols from plant materials.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of fermentation using lactic acid bacteria strains on phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of coffee husk extracts. The results showed that Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LC increased the total phenolic content (TPC) from 15.30 to a maximum of 16.65 mg GAE/g after 12 h. L. paracasei LC maintained stable levels of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeic acid (CA), leading to high ABTS radical scavenging activity, which peaked at 17.89 mg ascorbic acid equivalents per gram (mg AAE/g) at 36 h. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP exhibited the strongest proliferation and reduced caffeine content by 15.3% after 48 h; but also caused a decline in phenolic content and antioxidant capacity during the 24-48h. These findings indicate that fermentation efficiency depends on strain characteristics and fermentation time. Specifically, L. paracasei LC and  Limosilactobacillus fermentum LF are suitable for developing antioxidant-rich functional beverages, while L. plantarum LP highlights its potential application in the production of low-caffeine fermented products from coffee husks.

To evaluate the applicability of kinetic models to the hot-air drying process of duck meat at four temperatures (70, 80, 90, and 100°C) over drying times of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours, Lewis, Page, Henderson - Pabis, and Logarithmic models were fitted to the experimental data. The results showed that the moisture ratio of duck meat decreased rapidly during the first hour of drying, and subsequently approached equilibrium after 4-5 hours at all temperature levels (oC). Among the tested models, the Logarithmic model provided the best fit to the experimental data, with R² values exceeding 0.999 and the lowest RMSE (

This study aimed to optimize the extraction of pectin from tangerine peel (Citrus reticulata Blanco.). Response surface modeling (RSM) combined with a centre-composite design (CCD) was applied to modelize and optimize extraction conditions(solvent type, extraction temperature and time, pH, and solvent/material ratio). Solvent selection results showed that citric acid was optimize choice, balancing recovery efficiency (5.720%), high purity (82.250%), and food safety. Through the RSM optimization model, the optimal extraction conditions were determined at a temperature of 90.11°C and a time of 91.23 minutes, yielding a desirability value of 0.9415. Further studies on pH and solvent/material ratio (v/w) indicated that maximum yield and purity were achieved in strongly acidic environments (pH 1–2) and ratios of 15/1 to 20/1. Specifically, the highest recovery yield of 16.60% was achieved at pH 1, ratio 15/1, with purity ranging from 78.90% to 79.22%.

This study evaluated the applicability of machine learning models for supporting the diagnosis of Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) infection in cats based on routine haematological and blood biochemical data. A retrospective study was conducted on 60 cats, including 30 healthy cats and 30 FPV-infected cats, collected from veterinary clinics in Ho Chi Minh City. The data were preprocessed, standardized, and analyzed using seven machine learning algorithms, including Logistic Regression, KNN, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Support Vector Machine, and Naïve Bayes, combined with k-fold cross-validation. The results showed that Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and SVM achieved an accuracy of 92%, with Random Forest demonstrating optimal performance (AUC = 1.00). Feature importance analysis and PCA identified Mon#, WBC, and GLU as the main predictive biomarkers, while also demonstrating a clear separation between healthy and FPV-infected cats, confirming the potential application of machine learning in veterinary clinical practice.

The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) sets out new and stringent requirements for agricultural export supply chains. As the world’s second-largest coffee exporter, Vietnam needs to meet the compliance requirements of the EUDR. Based on a survey of 1,724 households, combined with group discussions and in-depth interviews, together with the application of a Generalized Additive Model (GAM), this study assesses the ability of coffee-growing households to comply with the EUDR through three main aspects: deforestation risk, land legality, and certain production practices. The study shows that the ability of coffee-growing households to comply with the EUDR remains uneven, as reflected in differences in deforestation risk, the completeness of land legal documents, land parcel structure, and certain pesticide use practices. At the same time, the study also indicates that each study region faces different compliance challenges. The findings provide important empirical evidence for the development of appropriate policies and support programs to enhance EUDR compliance in Vietnam.

This study investigated the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus spp. in dogs with urinary tract infections (UTI) at five veterinary clinics in Thu Duc City from May 2024 to September 2025. Of 45 urine samples from dogs showing urinary tract infection symptoms, 22 (48.89%) were positive for Staphylococcus spp.; E. coli spp. and Streptococcus spp. were not detected. Positivity rates were significantly higher in males (61.54%, p = 0.045), dogs >5 years old (72.73%, p = 0.006), and free-roaming dogs (77.78%, p = 0.033). Urinalysis of positive samples revealed leukocytes in 100%, alkaline pH in 86.36%, increased specific gravity with hematuria in 68.18%, and proteinuria in 59.09%. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing on 22 isolates showed high resistance to enrofloxacin (77.27%), erythromycin (72.73%), ampicillin (63.64%), and norfloxacin (59.09%), while maintaining high susceptibility (>80%) to gentamicin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and nitrofurantoin. Results underscore the importance of susceptibility testing in canine urinary tract infection management to curb antimicrobial resistance.

This study evaluated the effects of four cultivation systems on growth, fruit set, yield, and nutrient solution consumption of tomato cv. Jupiter 9.0 under greenhouse conditions in two cropping seasons. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with four treatments: NT1 (drip irrigation on substrate), NT2 (recirculating hydroponics), NT3 (high-pressure vertical aeroponics), and NT4 (high-pressure horizontal aeroponics), with four replicates per treatment. Hoagland and Arnon (1950) nutrient solution was used at pH 6.0 and EC 0,5–

This study assessed species composition, density, and spatial distribution of fish early life stages (fish eggs and larvae) in the coastal and offshore waters of Thanh Hoa Province. Samples were collected at 40 stations during October 2024, February 2025, and April 2025 using surface nets and vertical plankton nets. A total of 39 fish families and 27 taxonomic units (identified to species or species-group level) were recorded. Species richness was highest in April and lowest in February (Kruskal–Wallis, p < 0.001). The assemblage structure was dominated by small pelagic fish families, particularly Engraulidae and Clupeidae, showing pronounced seasonal variation. Egg and larval densities peaked in April and reached their lowest values in February. Egg density consistently exceeded larval density, reflecting high mortality during early developmental stages. Fish early life stages were mainly concentrated in coastal areas and around Hon Me Island. These findings provide a scientific basis for identifying spawning and nursery grounds and for proposing fisheries resource conservation areas in the waters of Thanh Hoa province.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether wild fish species composition and abundance differ at varying distances from riverine cage aquaculture systems,in order to assess the impacts of cage culture on wild fish communities. The study was conducted from January to December 2024 at Tan Loc Island, Can Tho City.Wild fish were sampled using trammel nets at two distances: 3 m and 35 m from the cages. The mesh size of the inner net was 2a = 2 cm, while the outer net had a mesh size of 2a = 10 cm.  Sampling was carried out for 12 months, twice per month, on the 15th and 30th days of the lunar calendar, during both morning and afternoon periods under static water conditions and 60 minutes prior to feeding.All collected fish were identified to species level, counted, weighed, and measured for total length. Several statistical analyses were applied, including t-tests, diversity indices, Bray–Curtis similarity, and PERMANOVA to assess differences in community structure. Data visualization was also performed. The iNEXT package in R was used to estimate and compare fish diversity between the two sampling sites. The results showed that at distances of 3m and 35m from the cages, there were 9 species with 317 individuals and 8 species with 136 individuals, respectively. There was no significant difference in species richness between the two sites(p > 0.05), whereas a significant difference in abundance was observed(p < 0.05). These findings suggest that cage aquaculture may attract wild fish in river systems.

This study describes the ontogeny of the digestive tract in long barbel catfish (Pangasius macronema) larvae from hatching to 30 days after hatching (DAH). The feeding regime consisted of rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis) (3–5 DAH), Moina sp. (4–21 DAH), and formulated feed (fully replaced after 21 DAH). Morphological and histological analyses revealed that from 1–3 DAH, the digestive tract appeared as a straight tube, and exogenous feeding commenced; the yolk sac was completely absorbed by day 5. The digestive system became functionally complete by day 9, evidenced by the appearance of gastric glands and intestinal folds. A significant increase in gut length and fold count was observed after day 12. From day 18 onwards, the histological structure stabilized, and the intestine exhibited complex coiling similar to that of adults. The functional maturation and rapid growth observed from day 12 provide a scientific basis for determining the optimal timing for weaning larvae onto formulated feed.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of paddy rice intensification on the population of the golden apple snail (GAS) Pomacea canaliculata, an invasive species that seriously damages rice fields, to explore possible solutions for controlling its invasion and spread. The research examined: (i) the ratio between GAS and indigenous snail species, as well as the abundance and size of snails in rice fields with two and three cropping seasons per year; (ii) the status of extermination, exploitation, and consumption of GAS. The study was conducted from September 2025 to February 2026 in Tam Binh commune, Vinh Long province. Field sampling was carried out every three weeks in rice fields under two-and three-crop systems. Furthermore, 40 households were surveyed regarding the exploitation and consumption of GAS. The results found two snail species. GAS accounting for 92% of individuals in rice fields with two crops/year and 99% in fields with three crops/year. Snail abundance gradually decreased from the early to the late stages of the rice cropping, water levels ranged from 0- 0.35 m. GAS in 2-crop system showed wider spatial distribution and better growth than in 3-crop system, and exhibited greater fluctuations in body weight compared with indigenous snail species. Only 12% of households used GAS as duck feed, while 38% recommended stricter government to eradicate and prevent the release of GAS

This study evaluates ChatGPT’s ability to handle Japanese N3 reading comprehension through a dataset of nine JLPT practice materials, each repeated three times to ensure objectivity. A mixed-method approach combining quantitative and qualitative analysis was employed. Quantitatively, ChatGPT achieved an accuracy rate of over 60% across all materials, with three exceeding 80% and the highest reaching 89.9%. Statistical testing indicated no significant differences across the three runs, reflecting the model’s stability and reliability. Qualitatively, 71.8% of ChatGPT’s responses were rated as “fully correct” in terms of accurately conveying the key explanations from the book, 27.3% were rated as “partially correct”, and only 0.9% were deemed “incorrect” when compared to the explanations provided in the book. Errors mainly stemmed from misinterpretation or omission of information, highlighting ChatGPT’s limitations in processing long and complex texts. The findings provide empirical evidence of the potential application of artificial intelligence in Japanese language learning, while also suggesting the need for controlled, effective, and context-appropriate use of such tools in modern education.

Innovating education toward developing learners’ competencies is an inevitable trend in Vietnam today. Therefore, innovating the teaching methods of Marxist-Leninist Philosophy at Can Tho University toward a critical thinking - oriented approach, aimed at promoting learners’ active learning, is both necessary and timely. Within the scope of this study, the current situation and proposed solutions for innovating the teaching methods of Marxist–Leninist Philosophy at Can Tho University are analyzed in depth to develop learners’ critical thinking capacity, thereby contributing to the improvement of the university’s overall educational quality.

The article analyzes the patriotic thought of Nguyễn Sinh Sắc through his life and career, highlighting its influence on Vietnam’s patriotic movement in the early 20th century. Using historical methods and document analysis, the study shows that his patriotism was expressed in concern for the poor, in his role as a teacher instilling national spirit in the younger generation, and in exchanges with scholars to absorb progressive ideas. Notably, his resistance to colonial and feudal rule created a distinctive approach, different from many contemporaries. His experiences and social actions shaped a patriotic ideology with strong influence, later embodied by his son Nguyễn Tất Thành. The study affirms Nguyễn Sinh Sắc’s role in the flow of patriotic thought in Vietnam.

The article approaches Anh Thơ’s memoirs from the perspective of discourse theory and the genre of nonfiction in order to elucidate how “truth” is constructed through memory and language. The findings demonstrate that her memoirs are not a transparent or complete reproduction of the past, but rather a selective, organized, and reconstructive process through which subjectivity is shaped. The discourse of truth in Anh Thơ’s memoirs is constituted through three principal dimensions: the establishment of an “autobiographical pact” between author, narrator, and protagonist; the fragmentation of the self between gender identity and artistic identity, as well as between private life and historical context; and a strategic structure of memory in which silences and omissions play a meaning-generating role. In this light, the memoirs emerge as a site of intersection between individual memory and collective history, possessing both literary value and cultural significance as a record of the self-reflexive journey of Vietnamese female intellectuals in the twentieth century.

This study examines and analyzes changes in water resource management for agricultural production at the household level in the Mekong Delta in the context of climate change and increasing saline intrusion. Data were collected from a survey of 150 agricultural households in three localities representing the ecological sub-regions of the Mekong Delta. The study uses a mixed qualitative–quantitative approach, applying exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and multivariate linear regression to identify factors affecting changes in water resource management. The results show that there are four groups of factors positively influencing changes in water resource management: socio-economic factors, climate change, management policies, and the application of technology, among which socio-economic factors have the strongest impact. Based on these findings, the study proposes policy implications to enhance the effectiveness of water resource management in support of sustainable agricultural development in the Mekong Delta.

By applying Raffaele Milani’s Landscape Theory, this article approaches the adaptation of the short story Thuong nho dong que into the film of the same title from the perspective of landscape criticism, with the aim of highlighting the role and significance of landscape in the construction of the work’s content and ideology. On the basis of viewing landscape not merely as a physical space but also as a discourse that reflects a community’s traditional culture while expressing the characters’ inner world, the article focuses on analyzing landscape in the work through two main dimensions: socio-cultural landscape and mental landscape. In addition, the article emphasizes the role of the recipient in the process of co-creating meaning, from the reader of the short story to the film director and the audience, thus affirming the openness and continuous regenerative potential of the work within the history of reception.

This article investigates threatening acts in Vietnamese from the perspective of modern pragmatics, drawing on Speech Act Theory as developed by Austin and Searle, and incorporating the views of Đỗ Hữu Châu, Nguyễn Đức Dân, and Cao Xuân Hạo on illocutionary force and the typological characteristics of Vietnamese. On the basis of the distinction between direct and indirect speech acts, the study defines threatening as a high-force illocutionary act, typically structured around a condition-consequence relation and aimed at exerting pressure to regulate the hearer’s behavior. The findings indicate that in Vietnamese, threatening acts are realized through two principal means: (i) lexical devices and (ii) grammatical structures. Given the isolating typology and high degree of contextualization of Vietnamese, the identification of threatening force relies not only on syntactic form but also on interpersonal relations and pragmatic inference in interaction. Accordingly, the article contributes to clarifying the mechanisms through which threatening force is constructed and operates within linguistic structure and communicative interaction in Vietnamese.

This study employs the ARIMA model to forecast the export turnover of Vietnam’s key sectors through 2030, specifically: Agriculture – Fisheries, Processing – Manufacturing, and Fuel – Minerals. Utilizing data collected from the 2005–2024 period, the results indicate that the Processing – Manufacturing and Agriculture – Fisheries sectors will maintain strong growth momentum, reaching approximately US$467.7 billion and US$88.8 billion by 2030, respectively. In contrast, the Fuel – Minerals sector exhibits a slight downward trend. The study proposes strategic implications focused on developing logistics infrastructure and building digital branding for the two growth-oriented sectors to optimize cross-border e-commerce performance.