Xử lý Congo Red trong môi trường nước bằng vật liệu quang xúc tác TiO₂
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Abstract
This study evaluates the photocatalytic efficiency of sol–gel synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles for the removal of Congo Red (CR) dye from water. The TiO2 material was characterized using SEM, BET and pHpzc, revealing nearly spherical particles with sizes of 20 - 80 nm, a specific surface area of 46.853 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.05 cm3/g, an average pore diameter of 2.34 nm, and a pHpzc of approximately 5.5. The photocatalytic performance was investigated under varying pH, TiO2 dosage, reaction time, temperature, and UV light intensity. The optimal conditions were determined as: pH = 3, TiO2 dosage 0.75 g/L, reaction time 120 min, temperature 30 °C, and 4 UV lamps, achieving a removal efficiency of approximately 98%. These results indicate that the synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles exhibit high photocatalytic activity and have strong potential for practical application in treating textile wastewater containing recalcitrant azo dyes.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả quang xúc tác của vật liệu nano TiO2 tổng hợp bằng phương pháp sol–gel trong xử lý thuốc nhuộm Congo Red (CR) trong nước. Vật liệu được phân tích đặc trưng bề mặt bằng SEM, BET và pHpzc. Kết quả cho thấy TiO2 có dạng hạt gần hình cầu, kích thước 20 – 80 nm, diện tích bề mặt riêng 46,853 m2/g, thể tích lỗ rỗng 0,05 cm3/g và đường kính lỗ rỗng trung bình 2,34 nm và pHpzc khoảng 5,5. Hiệu quả xử lý CR được khảo sát theo các yếu tố pH, liều lượng TiO₂, thời gian phản ứng, nhiệt độ và cường độ chiếu sáng UV. Kết quả cho thấy các giá trị tối ưu là: pH = 3, liều lượng TiO2 0,75 g/L, thời gian phản ứng 120 phút, nhiệt độ 30 °C và cường độ chiếu sáng 4 đèn UV, đạt hiệu suất phân hủy khoảng 98%. Kết quả nghiên cứu chứng minh rằng vật liệu nano TiO2 có khả năng quang xúc tác hiệu quả, mở ra tiềm năng ứng dụng trong xử lý nước thải dệt nhuộm chứa các hợp chất azo khó phân hủy.
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