CTU Journal of Science

Khung điểm Tạp chí Khoa học Đại học Cần Thơ năm 2025

Ngày 11/7/2025, Hội đồng Giáo sư Nhà nước đã ban hành Quyết định số 26/QĐ-HĐGSNN phê duyệt danh mục tạp chí khoa học được tính điểm của 28 Hội đồng Giáo sư ngành, liên ngành năm 2025. Theo đó, Tạp chí Khoa học Đại học Cần Thơ (https://ctujsvn.ctu.edu.vn/) được phê duyệt trong danh mục tạp chí khoa học được tính điểm của 20 Hội đồng Giáo sư ngành, liên ngành năm 2025. Trong đó, Tạp chí được 1 Hội đồng công nhận mới và 2 Hội đồng nâng điểm.

Development of a real-time multi-parameter environmental monitoring mobile robot system

Tran Van Luc*, Nguyen Thi Cam Tu, Tran Thanh Toan
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This paper presents the design and implementation of a real-time multi-parameter air quality monitoring system that integrates low-cost environmental sensors with wireless communication technologies. The system is built on the microcontroller platform, enabling flexible data acquisition, processing, and transmission in various environmental conditions, including indoor areas with signal obstructions and wide outdoor spaces. Experimental results demonstrate high connection stability, a packet loss rate below 1%, and effective data visualization and data server synchronization. With its open architecture and scalable design, the proposed solution is well-suited for deployment in smart urban areas, industrial zones, and precision agriculture systems in Vietnam and other developing countries.

Extraction of carrageenan from red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) using Ultrasound-Assisted Method

Ngo Hong Loan*, Lam Hoang Anh Thu, Hoang Thuy Duong, Nguyen Ngoc Quynh Anh, Pham Tien Dung, Nguyen Dong Thuc, Dang Thi Nhu Quynh, Phan Thi Kim Ngan, Nguyen Huu Tuyen
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This study aimed to develop and optimize a sustainable process for extracting carrageenan from the red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii using ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE). The effects of seaweed-to-solvent ratio (1:50, 1:100, 1:120 w/v), extraction temperature (40–80°C), and extraction time (30, 45, 60 min) were evaluated in terms of yield and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra. The highest yield of carrageenan (59.74 ± 8.15%) was achieved under UAE conditions of 60°C, 30 min, and a ratio of 1:100 (w/v). Besides, FTIR spectrum results confirmed the structure of carrageenan, and the ultrasonic-assisted method with optimal conditions was suitable for high-yield carrageenan extraction.

Enhanced closed-loop scalar control of a three phase induction motor using estimated speeds

Tran Dinh Cuong*, Phan Tran Dang Khoa
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This paper presents a scalar control method for a three-phase induction motor with closed-loop speed estimation using the RF-MRAS scheme. Based on the estimated rotor speed and stator currents in the α-β reference frame, the rotor flux angle is determined to calculate the synchronous speed. The deviation between the synchronous speed and the estimated rotor speed is processed through a transfer function to filter out noise, thereby generating a slip-compensation speed that allows the motor to operate accurately at the reference speed without requiring a PI controller. This transfer function acts as a noise filter, effectively eliminating high-frequency components in the deviation between the synchronous and estimated rotor speeds. The control structure is developed and simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Simulation results showed that the proposed method enables accurate speed tracking, improved system stability, and faster dynamic response compared with the typical V/f control approach.

Triterpenoid derivatives from Syzygium resinosum (Gagnep.) Merr. et Perry

Ngo Quoc Luan*, Nguyen Phuc Dam
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This study aimed to investigate the chemical constituents to find evidence for potential medicinal applications and contribute information to the phytochemical database of Syzygium resinosum. From the leaves and branches of the plant sample, four terpenoid compounds were isolated and identified by chromatographic and modern spectral methods, including ursolic acid, asiatic acid, oleanolic acid and terminolic acid.

Optimization of the extraction process of total polyphenols and flavonoids content associated with antioxidant activity from Nepenthes mirabilis

Vo Thanh Khang, Ta Bich Nhu, Ta Thanh Hong, Nguyen Quoc Chau Thanh, Pham Quoc Nhien*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
Nepenthes mirabilis is a medicinal species with diverse biological activities, particularly its antioxidant potential. In this study, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was applied to optimize the extraction process of total polyphenol and flavonoid content associated with antioxidant activity. Optimal extraction conditions were achieved after two cycles, with a solvent-to-material ratio of 29.57 mL/g, an ethanol concentration of 79.08%, an extraction temperature of 61.67 °C, and an extraction time of 29.49 minutes. Under these conditions, the extract exhibited DPPH free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 24.12 ± 0.89 µg/mL, consistent with the polyphenol and flavonoid contents of 559.06 ± 2.43 mgGAE/g and 611.73 ± 1.97 mgQE/g of extract, respectively.

Synthesis and investigation of the electrochemical water splitting activity of FeOOH materials on carbon rods

Do Nguyen Anh Khoa, Tran Thi Thuy Kieu, Tran Van Man*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
Green hydrogen is considered a promising solution for a sustainable energy cycle through water electrolysis powered by renewable sources such as wind and solar energy. In electrolysis systems, electrode materials play an essential role in hydrogen and oxygen production efficiency. In this study, FeOOH nanostructures were deposited on carbon rods (CR) by a simple chemical deposition method. The effect of Fe(NO3)3 precursor concentration on the electrocatalytic activity of FeOOH@CR was investigated. The 0.20 M sample (0.20 FeOOH@CR) exhibited the best performance, with overpotentials of 340 and 516 mV for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, respectively, at 10 mA/cm2 in 1 M KOH. In addition, the material showed good catalytic stability for both reactions over a 12-hour evaluation. With abundant and low-cost materials, FeOOH@CR is a promising electrocatalyst for green hydrogen production via water electrolysis.

Optimizing operation parameters for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) system in seawater desalination

Nguyen Cong Nguyen, Pham Hau Thanh Viet, Nguyen Thi Hau*, Nguyen Thi My Le, Truong Dong Phuong, Le Vu Tram Anh, Nguyen Thi To Uyen
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
Climate change is intensifying saltwater intrusion and freshwater scarcity in many regions, creating an urgent need for effective, sustainable desalination solutions. In this context, membrane distillation (MD) is regarded as a highly promising option for producing high-quality water at low cost by utilizing solar energy and waste heat. However, key challenges remain in selecting suitable MD membranes and establishing optimal operating parameters to simultaneously achieve high flux and stable salt rejection. Therefore, this study systematically investigates a direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) system using a PVDF-MD membrane fabricated with isoamyl alcohol as the solvent, evaluating the effects of temperature difference, cross-flow velocity, feed salinity, and operating time. The results indicate optimal conditions of 70 °C (hot/feed) and 25 °C (cold/permeate) with a cross-flow velocity of 0.33 m/s, delivering a permeate flux of 20.5 LMH and salt rejection >99.9% while mitigating pore wetting. The membrane also operated stably with a high concentration of brine and, after 30 days of continuous treatment of real seawater, produced distillate meeting drinking-water standards.

Building time series model based on improved fuzzy relationships and support vector regression model

D Hoai Phong, P Hoang Truc Linh, Chau Ngoc Tho, L Dai Nghiep, T Bach Mai, Vo Van Tai*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This study develops a time series model based on improvements in the input data for a machine learning model. First, the original series is partitioned into clusters with an appropriate number, and the elements within each cluster are automatically determined according to the variability of the series. The results are then used to establish fuzzy relationships between each element and the clusters, from which fuzzy rules for the series are constructed. The fuzzified series is subsequently employed as input data for applying the support vector regression model. By integrating these enhancements, a new forecasting model has been built. Applied to the stock data of Hau Giang Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Company, the proposed model produced superior results, outperforming several other models, including both machine learning and statistical approaches.

Fuzzy cluster analysis for image data based on representative probability density function extracted from Resnet50 model

N Kim Ngan, V Thanh Vinh, T Hieu Thanh, N Duy Tan, H Phuc Thien, Chau Ngoc Tho, Bao Nha Linh, Vo Van Tai*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This study develops a fuzzy clustering algorithm for image data with the following main stages. First, image features are extracted using the deep learning method ResNet50, specifically the first two convolutional blocks combined with global feature pooling. The extracted features are then normalized and transformed into representative probability density functions. Next, the appropriate number of clusters is determined through a self-updating suitable cluster function. Finally, the method determines the probability of each image belonging to a cluster. The proposed algorithm has been presented in detail with theoretical implementation steps and illustrated on a specific image dataset. Applications on several specific image datasets also demonstrate that the proposed algorithm yields reasonable and more advantageous results compared to some other popular algorithms through evaluation parameters.

Law of large numbers for a random walk with an external force

Lam Hoang Chuong*, Huynh Minh Dang, Le Truong Phat, Nguyen Van Kien, Trang Thi Hien, Le Hoai Nhan
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This paper investigates random walks under the influence of an external force. Specifically, assuming that the state transition probabilities satisfy certain prescribed conditions, a version of the law of large numbers is established for the proposed model. In addition, the theoretical results are illustrated through numerical simulations implemented in the Python programming language.

Isolation and identification of some compounds from the aerial parts of Praxelis clematidea R. M. King & H. Robinson collected in Can Tho

Nguyen Phuc Dam, Thai Thi Tuyet Nhung, Nguyen Thi Hong*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
Praxelis clematidea R. M. King & H. Robinson is an invasive alien plant species often confused with Ageratum conyzoides L. From the ethanol extract of the aerial parts of P. clematidea, six compounds were isolated, including precocene II (1), flavokawain A (2), apigenin (3), 5-hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone (4), 5,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone (5), and 5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone (6). The structures of these compounds were determined by NMR and MS spectral data and by comparison with published literature. Among them, flavokawain A was isolated for the first time from P. clematidea.

Existence of solutions to set equilibrium problems under domination structure and applications

Lam Quoc Anh, Nguyen Xuan Hai*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
In this paper, we investigate set-valued equilibrium problems under domination structures in topological spaces without assuming any linear structure. The existence of solutions is established via a direct approach, without relying on the convexity of the constraint sets and objective mappings, or on fixed point principles and Ekeland’s variational principles. The obtained results are further applied to variational inequalities and traffic network equilibrium problems. Moreover, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the applicability of the obtained results.

Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm for the location problems

Khang Vi Ngo*, Hung Thai Duc, Phat Van Hoang Phan, Trung Thien Ho, Tien Thi Cam Nguyen
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
The Fermat-Weber problem on a sphere is a natural extension of its planar counterpart. Due to the nonlinearity and unique geometric properties of the spherical space, the problem poses significant challenges in finding optimal solutions using traditional methods. In this study, we propose an alternative approach based on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The algorithm is redesigned to ensure all particles remain constrained to the sphere's surface by employing a coordinate transformation technique.

Theoretical investigations on antioxidant activity of quercetin and the mechanism of quinone formation via HOO• radical neutralization

Phan Huu Nghia, Nguyen Thi Hang Nga, Pham Vu Nhat*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
The antioxidant activity and HOO• radical scavenging mechanism of quercetin were investigated using Density Functional Theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. Frontier molecular orbital analyses, combined with calculations of molecular thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, indicate that quercetin exhibits strong antioxidant activity in both polar and non-polar environments. The formation of stable quinone through the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism occurs in two steps. The first step involves the formation of an intermediate quercetin radical, which is more favorable both thermodynamically and kinetically in pentyl ethanoate compared to water. Conversely, the abstraction of the second hydrogen atom to form the quinone product is more favorable in water. Compared to the HAT mechanism, the single electron transfer (SET) mechanism is less favorable in terms of both thermodynamic and kinetic factors.

Advances and applications of nanotechnology in agriculture: An overview

Nguyen Pham Anh Thi*, Vo Thanh Thai, Bui Doan Thanh Truong, Huynh Tien Dat, Nguyen Chanh Tin
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
Nanotechnology is opening a strategic direction for modern agriculture due to its ability to operate at the molecular level. Nanomaterials, characterized by a large surface area and high reactivity, are effectively applied in various stages of production. Specifically, nano-fertilizers provide controlled nutrient release, enhance absorption, and reduce nutrient losses when applied to soil. Nano-pesticides, such as nano-copper and nano-silver, effectively control pests while reducing toxicity and residue in agricultural products. In animal husbandry, nanotechnology helps improve feed quality, enhance antibiotic efficiency, and develop nano-probiotic formulations. Nano-packaging materials possess antibacterial and antioxidant properties, extending the shelf life of agricultural products. However, nanotechnology still poses potential risks to environmental ecosystems; therefore, further comprehensive research is needed to ensure its effective, sustainable, and long-term application in agriculture.

Determination of the degradability towards pretilachlor and fenclorim in herbicide by Pseudomonas sp. Pre2 and Acinetobacter sp. F0 immobilized in alginate

Ha Duc*, Vo Phong, Le Phuong, Nguyen Phuy
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
A mixed culture of two bacterial strains, Pseudomonas sp. Pre2 (a pretilachlor-degrading bacterial strain) and Acinetobacter sp. F0 (a fenclorim-degrading bacterial strain) was investigated for their degradation abilities in a mineral medium, water collected from a rice field, and a saline canal. The degradation of pretilachlor and fenclorim added in water collected from the rice field by non-immobilized bacteria was 61.9±4.8% and 50.9±6.6% after 8 hours, respectively, while the degradation by immobilized bacteria was 89.9±2.2% and 80.6±4.4%, respectively. The degradation was also carried out in a packed bed reactor to enhance the efficiency of the bacteria. In addition, the dried alginate beads, which were stored for three months, still degraded both active ingredients effectively.

Effects of Varieties and Topping –Pruning Techniques on the Growth and Yield of Kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) Grown on Coconut Coir Substrate

Doan Trong Nhan, Nguyen Hoang Thuan, Tran Thi Kieu Tien, Phan Ngoc Nhi*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
The study was conducted to determine the effects of combining kale varieties with topping - pruning techniques to enhance leaf yield. The experiment followed a two-factor factorial design with five replications. Factor A included four kale varieties: green Curly, purple Curly, green Seaweed, and purple Seaweed. Factor B involved four toppings: no topping, topping with two shoots retained, topping with three shoots retained, and topping with natural shoot growth. Results showed that the Green Curly variety produced the highest leaf yield per plant among the tested varieties. The treatment involving topping and allowing shoots to grow naturally increased the number of harvestable leaves per plant but reduced individual leaf size compared to the no-topping treatment. However, this approach led to improvements in leaf brix level, dry matter content, and vitamin C concentration.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of some organic fertilizers in the cultivation of Leonurus japonicus Houtt

Tran Van Thinh, Ca Hong Doan, Duong Bao Khang, Pham Quoc Viet, Nguyen Thi Thuy Lieu*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of microbial organic fertilizer (MOF) and vermicompost in the cultivation of the Leonurus japonicus Houtt., to reduce the reliance on chemical fertilizers and promote sustainable agriculture. The results demonstrated that the application of 3 tons/ha of QCL007 MOF, or the use of 2 tons/ha of vermicompost to replace 20% of inorganic nitrogen, enhanced both the yield and alkaloid content of the Leonurus japonicus Houtt. plants. However, the complete substitution of inorganic fertilizer with vermicompost led to a 22.2% reduction in yield. The organic fertilizer treatments also contributed to an improvement in soil pH, organic matter and nutrient content after the experiment. These findings confirmed that organic fertilizers hold significant potential for partially replacing chemical fertilizers, thereby improving yield, the quality of the medicinal material, and overall soil health. This opens up an effective pathway for the green and sustainable cultivation of Leonurus japonicus Houtt.

Evaluation of yield and quality of five kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) varieties grown in hydroponic systems under greenhouse conditions

Huynh Ba Di*, Pham Thi My Linh, Le Quoc Vinh, Phan Ngoc Nhi, Vo Thi Bich Thuy
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
The study was conducted to evaluate the yield and quality of five kale varieties: (1) seaweed green, (2) seaweed purple, (3) green curly, (4) purple curly, and (5) green curly Viet, using the hydroponic method. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 10 replications. Results showed that seaweed green achieved the highest performance, with statistically significant differences compared to other cultivars in terms of yield (3.60 kg/m²), number of harvested leaves per plant (81.8 leaves/plant), and leaf weight (600 g/plant), while the average leaf weight was comparable to seaweed purple and green curly Viet (ranging from 6.77 to 7.36 g/leaf). Regarding quality, seaweed green exhibited lower levels of dry matter (11.3%), crude protein (2.96%), calcium (2,411 mg/kg), magnesium (834 mg/kg), and potassium (4,880 mg/kg) than some other cultivars, but had a relatively high β-carotene content. Overall, seaweed green is suitable for hydroponic production under greenhouse conditions.

Survey on mammary gland tumors in female dogs at the Veterinary clinic of Can Tho University

Tran Thi Thao*; Luu Đặc Gia, Nguyen Thi Mai Phuong
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This study was conducted from July to October 2024 to determine the prevalence of mammary tumors in female dogs and evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatments. Through case history investigation and clinical examination, the prevalence of mammary tumors in female dogs was recorded at 2.17% out of a total of surveyed dogs. Among them, unspayed dogs had a higher tumor incidence (3.56%) compared to spayed dogs (0.89%). Tumors were more commonly found on the right side of the mammary chain (50%) and most frequently at the M5 of the mammary chain (43%). Mastectomy (complete mammary gland removal) showed a higher treatment efficacy rate compared to simple tumor excision.

Efficacy of Plant Extract-Based Treatments Against Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

Le Thi Ngoc Tien, Le Duc Hung, Nguyen Tan Phat, Tran Kien Nguyen, Vo Thi Thanh Loc, Nguyen Thi Thu Nga, Nguyen Van Sinh*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, causes a significant reduction in the growth and yield of tomato. Plant extracts have been demonstrated as an effective control strategy. However, to optimize the efficacy of measure controls, the treatment timing is important and needs to be clarified. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two application methods, including (1) a single treatment before planting and (2) repeated treatments after seeding in infested M. incognita soils under laboratory conditions. Seven treatments were tested, including 10% chili extract, 10% Annona glabra leaf extract, 10% garlic extract, 0.3% neem extract, a combination of 0.3% neem + 10% garlic, the active ingredient Fluopyram, and a water control. Results showed that repeated applications significantly reduced nematode populations compared to a single pre-planting treatment. Among the treatments, 10% garlic, 0.3% neem, and 0.3% neem + 10% garlic were the most effective, markedly lowering nematode densities in both soil and roots compared with the control, while showing no adverse effects on plant growth.

Improving the yield and quality of specialty rice varieties of Huyet Rong in Vinh Hung Long An

Tran Huu Phuc*, Bui Thi Cam Huong, Tran Thi Kim Thuy, Le Van Dong, Huynh Van Lam, Nguyen Linh Em, Tran Van Bang
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
The study was conducted to improve the uniformity in the field, yield and amylose of Huyet Rong rice variety, which is being cultivated in Vinh Hung, Long An province. The experiment to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of 600 rice lines was carried out in the field in Thai Quang hamlet, Thai Tri commune, Vinh Hung district, Long An province. The results of Waxy gene analysis of 784 flowers (784 lines) selected 600 Huyet Rong rice lines with Waxy bands similar to the soft rice varieties ST25, Jasmine 85 and MTL372; evaluating 09 agronomic characteristics, 250 lines were selected that met all of these criteria; analyzing brown rice, whole rice, amylose, protein and aroma (KOH) of 250 lines, 176 rice lines met all criteria. The successfully selected Huyet Rong rice (mixed from 176 rice lines) has high quality and yield (compared to the unselected Huyet Rong variety), average plant height (121,3 cm), average 1.000-grain weight (25,6 grams), average yield (3,7 tons/ha), average head rice ratio (65,5%), average long grain shape (7,5 mm), average amylose content (17,3%) and average protein content (8,8%).

Effectiveness of the SLAKES in assessing structural stability of agricultural soil

Nguyen Minh Phuong*, Le Nguyen Ngoc Ngan, Nguyen Ngoc Anh, Tran Van Dung, Tran Huynh Khanh
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of SLAKES, an analytical method that also serves as the name of a smartphone application, in determining and assessing the structural stability of agricultural soils. The results showed that, for the two soil groups investigated, the Slakes index exhibited a strong positive correlation with the Structural Index (SI)—an indicator of soil aggregate stability determined by the dry–wet sieving method. Furthermore, when comparing the SLAKES index with other soil quality parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), particle size distribution, bulk density, and porosity, the SLAKES method demonstrated high sensitivity in detecting variations in soil quality across different farming systems. The observed differences in soil quality were mainly associated with the effects of land management practices and the inherent soil properties at the study sites. Overall, the SLAKES-based method for determining soil aggregate stability shows potential as a cost-effective, time-efficient, and equipment-simplified alternative to traditional laboratory methods currently in use, thereby contributing to rapid soil quality assessment.

Microprapagation of Ensete glaucum (Roxb.) Cheesman

Le Minh Ly*, Tran Thi Viet Thao, Phan Thanh Truc, Le Thi Hoang Yen, Ngo Phuong Ngoc
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This study aimed to build up micropropagation techniques for Ensete glaucum (Roxb.) Cheesman. Four main experiments were performed: (1) The effect of chlorine concentration and contact time for chlorine to be effective surface disinfection, (2) The effect of BA combined with NAA on the shoot multiplication stage, (3) the effects of NAA and composition of MS medium on root formation, and (4) the suitable substrates for acclimatization. The results showed that: (i) A concentration of 15% chlorine was highly effective for high-level sterilization when maintained for 15 minutes (repeat 2 times), (ii) MS medium supplemented with coconut water 100 ml/L, BA 1.0 mg/L and NAA 0.2 mg/L indicated the highest mean number of 2.1 shoots and 6.8 leaves per explant after 5 weeks cultured; (iii) MS medium supplemented with coconut water 100 ml/L, NAA 0,5 mg/L achieved a 100% rooting rate and 9,04 roots per shoot after 6 weeks cultured; (iv) In vitro plants reached a high survival rate in the greenhouse and showed strong growth in the mixture of coconut dust+ rice husk ashes, coconut dust+ rice husk or coconut dust + rice husk ashes+ rice husk.

Pilot trial of super-intensive culture of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in an integrated multi-species recirculating aquaculture system (CTU-RAS) in Ca Mau province

Tran Ngoc Hai, Ha Thi Yen NHi, Chau Tai Tao, Duong Thi My Han, Nguyen Tinh Em, Phung Van Toan, Tiet Tien Dung, Ho Van Viet, Le Quoc Viet*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This trial aimed to evaluate the performance of super-intensive whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farming in an integrated multi-species recirculating system (CTU-RAS) in Ca Mau province. The pilot trials were conducted in 3 locations: Ca Mau City, Nam Can district, and U Minh district, with a density of 300 individuals/m3. The system consisted of 1 shrimp culture tank, 3 tilapia tanks, 1 sedimentation tank, 1 biofilter tank, and 1 seaweed tank. Culture durations were 72, 61, and 90 days at sites 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Throughout the culture period, water quality parameters remained within the acceptable range for shrimp growth. The average survival rate was 61.7±17.2%, with the feed conversion ratio (FCR) of commercial feed being 1.24±0.11, and the FCR of pumpkin being 0.18±0.12. The average yield reached 4.28±1.18 kg/m³, generating a profit of 103±10.3 million VND/600m3/crop and a profit ratio of 0.50±0.10. These findings demonstrate that the CTU-RAS model offers promising potential for scaling up, contributing to improved production efficiency, reduced disease risk, and the sustainable development of shrimp farming.

Species composition and density variation of shrimp larvae in the coastal waters of An Giang province

Tu Hoang Nhan*, Vu Viet Ha
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This study aimed to assess the species composition and seasonal variation in the density of shrimp larvae resources according to the monsoon season and survey transects (inshore–offshore) in the coastal waters of An Giang Province, based on data collected in November and December 2022 and June and August 2023. A total of 19 families, 36 genera, and 50 species or species groups of shrimps were recorded, of which five families (Penaeidae, Sergestidae, Solenoceridae, Alpheidae, and Squillidae) were dominant. The density of shrimp larvae varied markedly by season, being highest during the Northeast monsoon (7,419 ind./1,000 m³), more than twice that of the Southwest monsoon (3,601 ind./1,000 m³). In the offshore transect, the density during the Northeast monsoon (8,028 ind./1,000 m³) was about 2.7 times higher than during the Southwest monsoon (2,914 ind./1,000 m³). Spatially, larval concentrations were mainly distributed along the southeastern coast of Phu Quoc and the southwestern offshore area of Nam Du during the Northeast monsoon, contracting shoreward from Rach Gia to Hon Son during the Southwest monsoon. These results provide a scientific basis for identifying priority areas for the protection and restoration of shrimp seed resources.

Effects of replacing fish oil by vegetable oils on growth performance, feed utilization efficiency, and body fatty acid composition of golden rabbitfish (Siganus guttatus Bloch, 1787)

Pham Thi Phuong Lan, Trần Thị Thu Sương, Hoang Nghia Manh*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This study evaluated the effects of totally replacing fish oil with plant oils on the growth performance, feed efficiency, fatty acid profile, and body composition of golden rabbitfish (Siganus guttatus). Fingerlings (4.50 ± 0.14 g) were stocked at 40 fish m⁻³ in nine 4 m³ concrete tanks under a completely randomized design with three diets: fish oil (ĐC), soybean oil (ĐN), and sunflower oil (HD). After a 60-day feeding trial, fish fed the ĐC diet exhibited significantly higher growth rate, final weight, and total body weight than those fed ĐN or HD (p < 0.05). ĐC diet also achieved the best feed conversion ratio (FCR), followed by ĐN, while HD had the worst FCR. Meanwhile, proximate composition (crude protein, dry matter, ash) did not differ among treatments (p> 0.05). The highest polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content was recorded in fish fed ĐC, followed by HD and ĐN. The results indicated that fish oil was the most suitable lipid source for S. guttatus, while soybean oil and sunflower oil showed comparable performance as alternative lipid sources.

Species composition and distribution of Rice field crabs (Order: Decapoda, Family: Gecarcinucidae) in freshwater and salinity intruded areas of the Mekong Delta

Tran Van Viet*, Le Hoang Vu
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
Rice field crab is a group of freshwater crabs inhabiting various aquatic environments in the Mekong Delta (MD). These crabs possess both ecological and economic importance; however, their taxonomy remains inconsistent among authors, making it difficult to accurately assess species diversity and distribution. With the ongoing salinity intrusion in the Mekong Delta, questions arise regarding how this phenomenon affects crab communities and the number of species impacted. This study was conducted from April 2024 to March 2025 in freshwater areas of Vinh Long and Can Tho and in salinity-affected areas of Ca Mau. The objectives were to determine species composition, habitat distribution, and salinity tolerance of rice field crabs. Four species were identified, including Sayamia germaini, Somanniathelphusa pax, Esanthelphusa dugasti, and Somanniathelphusa sinensis. Species occurrence varied among habitats and provinces. Freshwater regions showed higher diversity, while S. sinensis dominated (85%) in brackish rice fields, indicating its tolerance to salinity. These findings suggest that salinity intrusion negatively affects freshwater crab diversity in the Mekong Delta.

A scoping review on the application of Toulmin’s argumentation model in geometry teaching to foster mathematical argumentation competence for Vietnamese high school students

Nguyen Huynh Trong Duc, Nguyen Phu Loc, Le Viet Minh Triet*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
Toulmin’s Argumentation Model (TAM) has been widely recognized as an effective framework for analyzing and constructing arguments in diverse educational contexts. This article presents a scoping review of TAM applications in high school geometry education in Vietnam from 2010 to 2025. Using the PRISMA 2020 flow diagram and following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, ten studies were screened and analyzed according to the following criteria: year of publication, type of academic work, argumentation analysis tools, geometry content, research methods, technological integration, assessment instruments, and main findings. The review reveals three prominent directions: employing TAM to analyze the proof process, integrating TAM with technology to enhance reasoning, and applying TAM in debate-based learning environments. Research gaps include the need for lesson designs aligned with TAM, systematic classroom experiments, the development of standardized assessment tools, and the integration of TAM with other pedagogical approaches.

Key elements in Chinese language teaching in the current digital transformation era in Viet Nam

Tu Chi Thanh*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This article employs a theoretical research approach, focusing on the analysis, synthesis, and evaluation of existing scholarly literature to construct a theoretical and conceptual framework related to Digital Transformation in current Chinese language teaching. Key aspects examined include teaching faculty, stakeholders, interactive environments, pedagogical quality, and the objectives and tasks of contemporary Chinese language instruction. The perspectives and insights presented in this paper will prove valuable for applied research projects in related fields.

Reduplicative words in the novel “SBC la san bat chuot” by Ho Anh Thai

Pham Hoan Nhiem*, Dao Duy Tung
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This study aims to examine and analyze the characteristics, usage, and expressive value of reduplicative words in Ho Anh Thai’s novel “SBC là săn bắt chuột”, thereby affirming the crucial role of reduplication in the novel as well as showcasing the author’s remarkable linguistic creativity. Employing the methods of statistical classification, analytical synthesis, and comparative contrast, the research team identified 665 reduplicative words with 1,201 instances of occurrence throughout the novel. These reduplicative forms are employed with richness, creativity, and flexibility, significantly contributing to the articulation of the novel’s ideological values. The findings of this study serve as a valuable reference for exploring Ho Anh Thai’s prose in particular and contemporary Vietnamese prose in general.

The impact of teaching style on student satisfaction: testing the mediating role of engagement

To Phuong Cuong*, Le Thanh Thu
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
In this study, we analyze the impact of teaching style on the satisfaction of students majoring in Chinese, with particular emphasis on the mediating role of learning engagement. Grounded in theoretical frameworks such as Student Involvement, Self-Regulated Learning, and Teaching for Quality Learning, the research adopts a quantitative design employing the PLS-SEM model. Data were collected from 500 Chinese language majors across three universities. The findings indicate that Teaching Style (TS) exerts a positive influence on Learning Engagement (ENG), which in turn significantly affects Learning Satisfaction (SAT), with β_indirect = 0,35; t = 12,7; p < 0,001. These results highlight the pivotal role of teaching approaches in shaping students’ academic experiences and further demonstrate that as students become more engaged, the effect of teaching style on their satisfaction is strengthened.

Phra Mae Thorani: Symbol of sacred Mother Earth (Terra Mater) in the beliefs of the Khmer people in southern Vietnam

Bui Vu Khang*; Tran Ky Dong
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
The symbol of Phra Mae Thorani - Goddess of Earth in Theravāda Buddhism - is a specific symbol of the "sacred Mother Earth" (Terra Mater) in the beliefs of the Southern Khmer people. Phra Mae Thorani is the result of cultural acculturation in accordance with the memory of the matriarchal system and the goddess worship of the Southern Khmer people. The authors affirm that the role of Phra Mae Thorani has gone beyond the traditional Terra Mater model, not only limited to the natural life cycle but also as a moral witness, the foundation for the process of liberation in Theravāda Buddhism. The authors also point out the transformation of symbolism reflecting the process of religious feminization in the Southern Khmer culture. The article creates a premise for further studies on the structure of sacred feminine symbols in indigenous religions and localized Buddhism in Southeast Asian countries.

Characteristics of the combination between autobiographical and fictional elements in Vietnamese novels in the 21st century

Nguyen Hong Dan*, Nguyen Bach Dan
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
The article aims to clarify the combination characteristics of autobiographical and fictional elements in Vietnamese novels in the 21st century. Through the analysis of several representative literary works, the results showed that writers incorporate personal experiences into artistic fiction as a mode of expression—articulating the self, exploring inner life, and reflecting spiritual transformations within the context of modern society. This approach not only highlights the expressive value of autobiographical and fictional elements but also affirms the central role of the individual self in 21st-century Vietnamese literary creativity, while at the same time revealing significant transformations in the artistic mindset of the novel during this period.

From historical materials to Hermitage Among the Clouds by Zen Master Thich Nhat Hanh

Ho Ngoc Thien*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
This article aims to explore the author Thich Nhat Hanh's creativity in the character Huyen Tran - Huong Trang in the work Hermitage Among the Clouds, compared to the official history, and the meaning of those creations. The work is mainly investigated from the perspective of the character, history, and society through two main sections: de-ethnocentrism and understanding the principle of dependent origination. With these two sections, the article shows the basic values of the work, in recreating a historical character, contributing to resolving the concept of Hoa Di, promoting brotherhood, respect, and promoting the spirit of awakening and compassion of Buddhism based on dependent arising.

The effectiveness of public reception toward graphic journalism - The case of Education sections in online newspapers in Vietnam

Nguyen Truong Duy , Bui Thanh Thao*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
The study was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of public reception of graphic journalism, especially works published in the Education section on online newspapers in Vietnam today. In this paper, we have surveyed consumption habits, studying the public's appreciation of the advantages and limitations of graphic journalism in this section. In addition, the study of factors affecting the public's reception of graphic journalism has also been carried out, including elements of graphic journalism, subjective factors, and objective factors. In addition, appropriate measures have also been proposed in the study to help improve the quality of graphic journalism, helping information to be transmitted more effectively and easily accessible to a wide range of public audiences in the digital age.

Song of the grassland in Wolf Totem (Jiang Rong) and Tibetan Mastiff (Yang Zhijun)

Pham Minh Khanh*
Abstract | PDF (Tiếng Việt)
The article analyzes Wolf Totem (Jiang Rong) and Tibetan Mastiff (Yang Zhijun) through the lens of regional ecocriticism. Employing ecocritical, regional ecocritical, and interdisciplinary research methods, the results show that both works construct the image of the steppe as a central agent rather than merely a backdrop for human activity, thereby conveying a spirit of respect for nature and warning of ecological upheavals. These two “songs of the steppe” both highlight the intimate bond between human beings and the local ecosystem, reflecting the philosophy of “animism.” Such findings not only help to delineate the ecological characteristics of the steppe in contemporary Chinese literature but also contribute to the development of regional ecocriticism by underscoring the importance of local contexts in ecological literary creation.