This paper devotes to identify the socio-economic/environmetal factors that impact on production efficiency of fishery processing firms in terms of technical, allocative and cost efficiency. For the cross-sectional data surveyed for the year 2007, the truncated regression function (Tobit function) is used to estimate. The empirical results indicate that age, credit, education, type of firm and size of capital are found to be main factors influencing the production efficiency of the fishery firms in theMekongRiverDelta.

This paper aims to elaborate the development in the Vietnamese Communist Party?s awareness of the strategy of great national unity in the cause of national renovation from the sixth Session (12/1986) to the tenth Session (4/2006). The main focus of the article is also on the conference resolutions: ?The Resolution 8B on the reformation of the Party?s public tasks and the reinforcement of the Party?s ever-lasting relations with people?, the seventh Conference Resolution of the seventh Session (4/1993), the seventh Conference Resolution of the nineth Session (1/2003), and the seventh Conference Resolution of the tenth Session (8/2008). On that basis, the writer wishes to reconfirm the great achievements of the Party and point out some of the drawbacks to be resolved so as to effectively put into practice the actual fact of the Party?s great national unity in the modern times.

Through farmer survey and field observations from September 2008 to June 2009 on 25 Barbados cherry (Malpighia glabra L.) orchards of Tien Giang, Vinh Long and Ben Tre provinces, 29 insect pests were recorded, and the most common ones were Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), B. correcta (Bezzi), Ceroplastes sp., Archips micaceana Walker and Euproctis sp. (Lepidoptera: Limantriidae). Among these five insect pests, only Bactrocera dorsalis and Ceroplastes sp. caused severe damage to Malpighia glabra L. Through the research, morpho-biological characteristics of Archips micaceana Walker in the condition of the lab (T= 28 ? 31oC, H= 74 - 86%) also have been described thoroughly.

ZnS:Ni2+ Nanoparticles were synthesized by using co-precipitation method in room temperature, from homogeneous solutions of zinc and nickel salt compounds, with S2? as precipitating anion, formed by decomposition of thioacetamide (TAA). Energy dispersive spectra (EDS) shows that the main component are Zn and S with the same proportion of samples were prepared. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern revealed that the pure ZnS and ZnS:Ni2+ have been structured of cubic zinc blende (C-ZB) and the average size of ZnS nanocrystallites, estimated by the Debye-Sherrer formula, was about 4 nm. These results were corresponding with tranmision electronic microscope (TEM). Photoluminescence spectra of ZnS:Ni2+ nanocrystallite reveals that strong emission peak at 473 nm, with the luminescent center of Ni2+ is formed in ZnS host.

Go Quao district is the area that produce 2-two rice crop per year. In recent years farmers grow shrimp in the rice field after winter-spring season. This research analyzes the economics of cropping patterns in this area and results show that cost of rice production mainly occurs at fertilizer and harvest. So, if government applies policy to control fertilizer price will increase benefit to farmers, and if farmers mechanize harvest activities will reduce cost. Food cost is the main component of shrimp cultivation cost (60%). Comparing economic efficiency to two cropping patterns shows that two-rice pattern give BCR (1,87) lower than that of rice-shrimp (2,29), however this pattern require less capital and less labor than the other. This pattern is suitable for farmers that don?t have much money and have small household size. If farmers have enough capital and large household size, the rice-shrimp pattern is suitable for them. This pattern gives BCR (2,29) is almost 1,5 time that of two-rice pattern.         

This study investigated the effects of different salinities (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30?) on the survival  and growth rate of mangrove snail Cerithidea obtusa during juvenile stage. The experiment was designed with 6 treatments and was run triplicates per treatment during cultured period of 120 days. Juvenile snails with mean shell height of 26.0 mm were arranged into the tanks (0,8m2/each) with the stocking density of 20 snails/tank. Results showed that survival rate of snails were high at salinities of 15?, 20?, 30? (98,3%) but similar to the results from others (p>0.05). The growth rate of shell width and total weight of snails in salility of 25? was not significantly difference from other treatments, (p>0,05). However, shell height growth of snails in 25 and 30? were significantly higher than those from other salinities (p

Xylose is considered as one of starting materials for synthesizing drugs to treat cancer,    AIDS and other serious diseases. An efficent synthesis of important derivatives for the drugs from xylose has been achieved. The key steps of the synthesis involved the  conversion of D-xylose into 5-O-pivaloyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-?-D-xylofuranose; 5-O-pivaloyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-?-D-3-pentulofuranose; 5-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-1,2-O-isopropyliden -?-D-3-pentulofuranose.

In the recent years, the outbreak of virus diseases transmitted by brown plant hopper (BPH) has raised the big challenges for the breeders to find out the rice varieties with high yield and good grain quality, tolerant to BPH and virus diseases, suitable to different agro ecobiological conditions. The research was carried out in 2 years, breeding and screening were conducted at Can Tho University farm, yield trials of promising lines were conducted on different soil conditions. Agronomic data, field resistant ability to pests and diseases, yield components and yield, grain quality were recorded following the IRRI?s standards. Results showed that promising varieties for tolerant to BPH, yellowing dwarf virus diseases, resistant to blast high and stable yield, tolerant to acid sulfate soil , suitable to alluvial soil and intensive cropping were MTL466, MTL480, MTL499, MTL500, MTL504, MTL521, MTL523, MTL533, MTL547, MTL567.

This paper is to analyze and to compare the effectiveness of farming shrimp based on semi-intensive cultivation model between Tra Vinh and Bac Lieu province. Data used in the paper is based on directly interviewing 80 households with randomly samply. Source of secondary data is from the Departments of Agriculture and Rural Development. Descriptive analysis is concerned in the paper. Findings mentioned that both Tra Vinh and Bac Lieu provinces had the same advantage of natural condition to produce the farming shrimp based on semi-intensive cultivation model. However, households in Bac Lieu get higher productivity than that of Tra Vinh and the lower production cost. Consequently, households in Bac Lieu got much higher profit than that of Tra Vinh. Finally, some solutions were proposed to improve the farming efficiency of semi-intensive shrimp cultivation model in both provinces.

The objective of this study were to make compost from waste product of biogas production and to identify the effect of compost on the improvement of soil properties and crop yield. Biogas slurry was separated into two parts: liquid and residue. These two materials were combined with the supplemental materials: rice straw, pig manure and sugarcane filter-cake. Two kinds of compost were formed, (i) liquid biogas slurry - rice straw - sugarcane filter-cake (ii) residue biogas slurry - rice straw - pig manure. Trichoderma fungi was added to both composts. The changes of some selected soil properties and the growth of baby-corn were evaluated. After 100 days of composting, the residue biogas slurry compost increased the total nitrogen and organic carbon content . The density of E. coli bacteria was below the critical value which cause harmful to human health (21.25 cfu/g compared to 9166.6 cfu/g at initial state). Salmonella bacteria was eliminated after composting. Using of biogas slurry residue compost at 20 tons.ha-1 resulted in increased soil pH, organic matter, labile organic nitrogen, phosphate available in comparison with using inorganic fertilizer alone (150-90-100). Application of liquid and residue biogas slurry compost improved baby-corn growth on degraded soil (Stagnic Humic Plinthosol) in screen house. The biomass of plant and baby-corn fruit weight were enhanced significantly. The greatest effect was found in the treatment of adding 10 tons.ha-1 along with 112.5N- 67.5P- 75K (75% inorganic fertilizer).

Beside solving the inverse problems of potential field by informatics, Geophysics purpose is also finding a simple and effective method to determine the locations and shapes of anomaly-sources. The local wave number technique is the most useful method to estimate the horizontal positions, depths and the structural index of the anomaly sources. This method was applied successfully for the interpretation of magnetic anomaly profile in theMekongdelta.

A Latin square experiment was designed with 4 treatments and 4 periods on 4 local growing cattle (183±15,4kg) to study on effect of ensilaged pressed water hyacinth replacing rice straw in the diets on feed intake, ruminal parameters, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention. One experimental period was two weeks, included one week for dietary adaptation and another week for the sampling. The treatments were EWH0, EWH15, EWH30 and EWH45 corresponding to the ensilaged water hyacinth replacing rice straw at the levels of 0, 15, 30 and 45% (DM basis, respectively). Natural grass fed the animals at the level of 0.6%BW/day (DM basis) and multi-nutrient cake was supplied with a level of 0.22kg/100kgBW/day, while the rice straw was fed ad libitum. The results were found that the replacement of rice straw by EWH levels had no any negative effects on metabolized energy intake, ruminal parameters, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention of local cattle (p>0.05) among different treatments. Numerically, at the replacing EWH level of 15 and 30% gave the better results in nitrogen retention and daily weight gain. The conclusion of the study was that the replacement of EWH to rice straw in the diets of local growing cattle could be 30% and the results should be recommended to farmers for practice.       

On June 2009 National Assembly approved Resolution on guideline, orientation for a  financial mechanisms reform in higher education. Those concern transforming public funding allocation and control mechanisms. In a state-funded system likeVietnam, the state has most of  the power on provision and control for universities. However the trend to increasing the autonomy and accountability of public institutions has caused a shift to more financial autonomy and the reform of funding allocation mechanisms for universities in the financial policy of universities. The notion of Vught (1993) that ?Funding is the golden rule of policy? is a significant suggestion. The state can apply alternative public funding allocation mechanisms in ways which provide incentives for autonomy and accountability of universities.

A multiplex PCR protocol for stimultaneous detection of WSSV, HPV and b-actin endogenous gene of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) was developed and applied. DNA samples, which were WSSV positive detected by IQ2000 WSSV protocol, were used in OIE (2006) protocol to obtain step 1 PCR products of 1441 bp and step 1 PCR product of 941 bp. mPCR protocols to detect WSSV and b-actin with WSSV of DNA positive samples to obtain PCR products of 1441 bp (WSSV-step1), 941 bp (WSSV-step2) and 261 bp (b-actin) were developed. PCR protocol to detect HPV from Promjai (2002) was used to obtain PCR products of 441 bp. Then, mPCR protocol for stimultaneous detection of WSSV, HPV and b-actin was successfully developed. The obtainted testing results suggest these protocols can be used for detection of WSSV and HPV with reduced cost and is useful to control false negative result be using b-actin gene as internal control.

Local MekongDelta have four ethnic as: Vietnamese, Cham, Khmer and Hoa. In there, Vietnamse take up majority. Although history, language, culture are different but in process cohabit and break fresh ground ethnic minorities have been unitting, interdepending together. Inheriting  national cultural character and bring into playing the national traditions in dealing with  natural calamities and enemy-inflited destruction, people in the Mekong delta had been summarized many highly valuable characters such as: industrious, hard-working, self-help for self-improvement, dynamic, creative, reslilient, undaunted,? Understanding these characters would help our Party in accomplishing  successfully the great national unity in the process of  making revolution.

Based on farmer survey and field observations from March 2005 to December 2006 on 30 Star apple (Chrysophyllum cainito L.) orchards of Can Tho city, Tien Giang and Hau Giang provinces, 24 insect pests were recorded. The most common ones were Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), B. correcta (Bezzi), Pachypteria dimidiata Westwood, Nephopterix sp., Euproctis subnotata (Walker), Dasychira osseata Walker, Neteosraupus alternatus (Walker) and Icerya sp.. Among these eight insect pests, only Bactrocera dorsalis, B. correcta and Nephopterix sp. caused severe damage to Chrysophyllum cainito L. Through the research, morpho - biological characteristics of Euproctis subnotata (Walker) in the condition of the lab (ToC = 28 -30, H% = 75 - 85) also have been described thoroughly.

Realism is a trend of literature which appeared the first time inFrancein 1830s. This trend appeared inViet Namin 1930s. At that time, realism seemed to be fixed in theory of literature and composing in the world, however, the fight for realism was still in progress on those aspects inViet Nam. Through many works,NamCao had statements to encourage the success of realism in composing literature and partly perfect theory of realism inViet Nam. Realism is a trend of literature which appeared the first time inFrancein 1830s. This trend appeared inViet Namin 1930s. At that time, realism seemed to be fixed in theory of literature and composing in the world, however, the fight for realism was still in progress on those aspects inViet Nam. Through many works,NamCao had statements to encourage the success of realism in composing literature and partly perfect theory of realism inViet Nam.

The study aims to analyze labor employment and its impact on the investment decision of enterprises into industrial zone in Tien Giang. Based on analyzing results, the study akcnlso suggests some solutions to increase the employment and to attract enterprises on investment into industrial zones. Factors function analysis was applied in the study. The result shows that there are three major factors affecting on investment decision, they are (i) infrastructure of industrial zones, (ii) abundant labor sources, labor quality and competitive labor prices, and (iii) the advantages for enterprise operation of industrial zone places. Among them, the advantages for enterprise operation of industrial zone place is the most important one. 

Study on intensive culture of mud skipper (Pseudapocryptes lanceolatus Bloch, 1801) in the 4m2 concrete tanks, at three different stocking densities consisting of 50, 150 and         250 fish/m2, was randomly designed with three replicates in a recirculation system. After 3.5 months of culture, the water parameters (temperature, oxy, pH, N-NO2- and NH4-NH3) in the culture tanks were within suitable ranges for fish growth. The results indicated that the mean survival and weight of fish decreased with increasing density with the ranges of 60.4-76.7% and 13.3-17.6 g/fish, respectively, and significantly different among treatments (p

Lubricating oils and greases are the most common technical lubricants. Greases contain several components of different types which may be classified into three groups: the fluid, the thickener and the additives. Recent concern for the environmental aspects has led to reconsider the use of vegetable oils and readily biodegradable synthetic fluids as raw materials in lubricating grease formulations. This paper presents initial research results on the synthesis of biolubricating greases from catfish fat and waste cooking oil at the laboratory scale.

In the curent years, the price of food is raising and the condition of rice cultivation is improving, therefore the modal of triple rice has being enlarged in the Mekong delta, and consequently farmers are facing to many problems, in which brown plant hopper (BPH), yellow stunt and ragged stunt diseases are the most dangerous pests, that not only increase the input cost but also reduce the yield and quality. The investigation of rice cultivation in 2008 in order to evaluate on the effect of the triple rice and the ability of farmers on BPH management. The results showed that in the outbreak of BPH, especially in the case of application of BPH sensitive cultivars in a large area and the overuse of pesticides, the triple rice had negative economic effect and seriously impacted on the community health and environment. So the multi-applications for BPH managemnet are avaible, in which the application of diversified cultivars, suitable croping calendars for avoiding BPH was highly effective.

Economic analysis is useful tools to evaluate economic efficiency of production activities; however, almost farmers only pay attention on yield instead of economic efficiency. This situation may cause wrong decision because high yield may not always lead to high economic efficiency, while the second is the main objective of production, not the one. This research applies economic analysis to evaluate the efficiency of cropping system on district in the Mekong Delta (Cai Lay district, Tien Giang province). The results show that cropping pattern rice-upland-rice gives BCR (2.96) higher than pattern 3-rice crop per year. Rice-upland-rice pattern give higher economic efficiency because in spring-summer season does not favor to rice because lack of water. If replace rice by upland crop will give higher profit. In addition, growing upland crop need more labor will provide job for people in the surround region.

MTL392 selected from LTCN/OM1723 cross had been tested for yielding and adaptation ability in theMekongDelta during the time period of 2003-2007. MTL392 had growth duration of 95-100 days, medium plant height, erect leaves, strong culms, 1000 grains weight of 27-28 grams and average yield of 6-8 t/ha. Results from grain quality test showed that MTL392 had high percentage of head rice, translucent and long grains with aroma. Greenhouse testing for pest resistance revealed that it had good tolerant ability to brown plant hopper and rice ragged stunt virus disease. MTL392 was recognized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development as a national variety in December 2008. MTL392 has been grown mainly in Vinh Long, Ben Tre and Tra Vinh.

In this paper we introduce notions of approximate solutions and approximate solution sets to multivalued quasivariational inclusion problems in metric vector spaces. Sufficient conditions for the lower semicontinuity and upper semicontinuity of these approximate solution sets are established. Our results improve recent existing ones in the literature.

Combination between traditional selection with biotechnology is essential solution for matching the need of good quality rice varieties serving for domestic and export market. Major characteristics of grain quality have been significantly improved over the last three years, 2007-2009, like long grain, low chalkiness ratio, high protein content, medium amylose content as well as to have the best way to test the aroma of rice grain.   A range of new rice varieties with good quality has been released within this research including MTL392, MTL513, MTL514, MTL540, MTL549, MTL555, MTL558, MTL578 (aroma), MTL499, MTL548, MTL579 (non- aroma). These new rice varieties can be cultivated for export in theMekongDelta.

Higher education reform towards increasing institutional autonomy inVietnamrequires the assurance of the accountability of 106 public universities for their external and internal stakeholders. The State plays a crucial role in getting this accountability implemented. This involves supervising the quality of training and research outputs, the relevance of their curricula, and their use of public subsidizes. However, the reality of implementing the assurance of social responsibility is still modest and inadequate that requires the State issues  relevant strategies for better management.

Bệnh mủ gan do vi khuẩn Edwardsiella ictaluri đã và đang gây thiệt hại nghiêm trọng đến năng suất và sản lượng cá tra nuôi ở đồng bằng sông Cửu Long. Một trong những nguyên nhân ảnh hưởng quan trọng đến hiệu quả điều trị là do xác định tác nhân gây bệnh chậm, thiếu chính xác và tốn kém. Để khắc phục tình trạng này, quy trình PCR sử dụng hai đoạn mồi EiFd-1 và EiRs phát hiện E. ictaluri trên cá nheo mỹ (theo Panangala et al., 2007) được thực hiện phát triển để chẩn đoán nhanh E. ictaluri gây bệnh mủ gan trên cá tra. Qui trình cho kết quả phát hiện sản phẩm PCR là 407 bp khi sử dụng mạch khuôn là DNA ly trích từ dịch treo vi khuẩn nuôi tăng sinh qua đêm trong môi trường nutrient broth hoặc DNA ly trích từ dịch treo vi khuẩn chuẩn bị bằng cách lấy trực tiếp khuẩn lạc cho vào dung dịch 0.85% NaCl. Kết quả cho thấy qui trình có thể được sử dụng để phát hiện sớm và chính xác tác nhân gây bệnh mủ gan ở cá tra. Thời gian chẩn đoán bằng phương pháp PCR được rút ngắn đi rất nhiều (1/4 lần) so với phương pháp sinh hóa. Qui trình có giá trị ứng dụng tốt trong việc xác định nhanh và chính xác tác nhân gây bệnh ở cá tra nhằm làm cơ sở cho việc đề xuất giải pháp hiệu quả trong phòng và trị bệnh mủ gan ở cá tra.

Substituted ureas have found widespread applications as pharmaceutical and agricultural products, additives to petroleum products,... 4-Nitrophenylchloroformate has been known to be a useful alternative to phosgene for the carbonylation of amines to carbamates and subsequently to urea derivatives. Under microwave irradiation conditions, symmatric and asymmatric disubstituted ureas have been successfully prepared from n-butylamine, sec-butylamine, tert-butylamine and benzylamine, using 4-nitrophenylchloroformate as the carbonylating agent. In all studied cases the obtained yields were equally high while a significant decrease in the reaction time was observed compared to that under non-microwave irradiation conditions.

In the recent years, root mealybug on citrus became more and more important and caused a lot of difficulties for citrus farmers in the MekongDelta. For species identification and understanding its biology and the conditions that are necessary for its development and infestations, our research was conducted from January - 2006 to      June - 2007 on many citrus orchards of 3 provinces (Vinh Long, Đong Thap, Tra Vinh ) and Can Tho city. Through farmer interviews, field surveys and observations in the lab, our results showed that: the root mealybug belongs to the genus Planococcus sp., this species presented on many citrus orchards of the surveyed areas. Vinh Long province was the most important infested area with 87% surveyed orchards infested. Planococcus population was highest during dry season (from December to May) and dropped during rainy season. Among citrus varieties, Pomelo (Nam Roi variety) was most infested compared toOrange and Mandarin. The surveys also showed that the using of infested young plants with high density in orchards seems to be the most important contamination cause of this pests from one area to the others.

Training curriculum ought to be regularly evaluated so as to help the institutions to identify their strength, weakness and consequently to modify their programmes. One of the most valuable factors in the assessment process is the evalutaion by the alumni and the current students. This article describes and analyses the data collected from 564 questionnaires and 131 interviews given by students and alumni evaluating the training programme quality in areas of   (1) professional knowledge, (2) pedagogical competence, (3) application of active teaching methods, (4) activities of assessing students? learning process and (5) enhancement of students? living skills and life-long learning. The research subjects (1) gave ?fairly good? evaluation to the curriculum, teaching methods, activities of assessing students? learning process in the School of Education, i.e the latter the better; (2) confirmed their own  weaknesses in consulting high school students and organizing extra curriculum actitivities; (3) emphasized the importance of enhancing students? critical thinking, creativity and life-long learing. This research result was used in the process of developing the 135-credit training programme of the School.