The paper presents an automatically cutting solution for wet rice flour at traditional rice flour village in Vietnam. Rice sunk in water and grinded into rice flour liquid is compressed and cut into smaller flour blocks. To make them easily dry and relatively uniform, an automatically cutting mechanism is proposed. According to experience of rice flour producers at the traditional rice flour village and practical tests, automatically cutting mechanism using a lead screw is proposed in this work. The testing results at My Tu traditional rice flour village show that the lead screw-based compression mechanism gives naturally uniform rice flour blocks. The average capacity of the designed machine is approximately 400 kg/day. To make the machine more flexible, a mechanism for producing flour pearls is integrated. A cutting frame for creating cylindrical flour bars is installed in the cutting machine. Each cylindrical flour bar is automatically cut and crumpled up flour pearls based on two rollers with the same direction but their different speeds. The practical results show that the proposed method should be applied at traditional rice flour villages in Mekong Delta area and Vietnam as well.

The study was aimed to treat medical wastewater reach the national discharge standard. In this study, the medical wastewater first treated by the Fenton/ozone reactor, then continuously treated by the submerged aerated fixed bed bioreactor (SAFB); reactors were tested at the lab-scale conditions. The treatment efficiency of medical wastewater by the Fenton/ozone reactor was rather high but the organic residues from wastewater could not meet the discharge standard of QCVN 28:2010/BTNMT (A column). By continuously treated wastewater by the SAFB with the hydraulic retention time of 2 hours, the average loading rate of 0.723 kg BOD5/m3.day, the treatment efficiencies of COD, BOD5, P-PO43- were 56.1%, 65.5%, and 55.0%, respectively. After treated by Fenton/ozone process combined to SAFB reactor, medical wastewater met the discharge standard of the QCVN 28:2010/BTNMT (A column).

Seasonality and rainfall concentration varied during time and space are very important for managers and users in different fields, especially in water resource management, sustainably agricultural development and disaster prevention. In tropical countries, the two characteristics are shown by the two indices such as seasonality index (SI) of rainfall and rainfall concentration index (RCI). This study is aimed to apply the two indices of SI and PCI for Can Tho region based on rainfall data of the Can Tho meteological station for 50 years of the period 1961 – 2010. The results showed that two indices of SI and RCI could be used to evaluate the seasonalily and levels of rainfall concentration, as well as applied values of standard deviation to predict the severity of droughts, floods, climatic extremes and disasters caused by uneven distribution of rainfall over time in the study area. The study of these two indices will be significant for use of rainfall data in agricultural production and disaster prevention at the Can Tho region in particular and at the Mekong Delta region in general.

In the present study, antioxidant activities of the methanol extracts from Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. roots (PDR) were investigated by employing established in vitro systems, which included radical scavenging DPPH and ferric reducing. Alloxan was used at dose 135 mg/kg body weight to induce oxidative stress in mouse models. Lipid peroxidation in vivo activities was then conducted on these alloxan-induced mice. The results obtained from radical scavenging DPPH activity showed that the methanol root extract of PDR had a lower scavenging power of 8.7 times compared to that of Vitamin C (EC50=54.704 µg/mL and EC50=6.307 µg/mL, respectively). The total ferric reducing ability determination by Fe3+to Fe2+ transformation method which revealed that the reducing activity of methanol extract from PDR (EC50 = 26.66 µg/mL) was 1.93 folds lower than that of a standard Trolox (EC50=11.206 µg/mL). The PDR possessed high ABTS+ radical-scavenging activity with 88.7% at concentration of 10 µg/mL. The extracts of PDR contained relatively high levels of total polyphenols and flavonoids, with 56.682±0.76 mg GAE/g and 380.3±18.9 mg QE/g, respectively. The in vivo antioxidant activities were determined by measuring the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain, cardiac and skeletal muscle of the test mice. The results showed that the root extract from PDR significantly decreased serum MDA levels in mouse models and could be compared to that of the drug Glucophage.

This paper studies Hölder stability of a class of bang-bang optimal control problems governed by semilinear elliptic partial differential equations. A new second-order sufficient optimality condition for the class of bang-bang optimal control problems is establish. This sufficient optimality condition is used to prove some new results on Hölder stability of the class of control problems under consideration.

The paper deals with the necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for the convex optimization problem with  convex feasible set defined by infinite inequality constraints in the both cases, smooth and nonsmooth data. The results enhance some recent KKT type theorems by Lasserre for differentiable functions and by Dutta and Lalitha for Lipschitz functions.

Quantum-chemical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level are employed to study the radical scavenging activity of baicalein, a polyphenol characterized as flavonoid. All calculations are performed in gas-phase and in some other solvents with different degree of polarity. Current results contribute to elucidating the antioxidant mechanism of polyphenols and also may provide us with basic theories for related studies in futures.

This study is devoted to evaluating the effect of magnetic field on thermoconvection in a layer of ferrofluids. The linear and weakly nonlinear flow stability analyses that are presented here illustrate an intricate interplay between thermogravitational and thermomagnetic mechanisms of convection in one of the practically important geometrical setups, an inclined fluid layer heated from below. The low-dimensional amplitude evolution equations of Landau type are derived to model the physical phenomena of interest. The solutions of the so-obtained dynamical system show that the application of magnetic field can indeed trigger convection in regimes where natural convection cannot exist, thus enhancing heat transfer.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of soluble extracts from shrimp in the dietary concentrate on the growth rate feed efficiency of growing Noi lai chicken from 5-12 weeks of age. A total of 150 chicken were allotted in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 3 replicates. All birds were fed with concentrate contained 16.02% CP and 3020 kcal ME/kg. The treatments were: NT1 (100% concentrate); NT2(99% NT1+1% shrimp soluble extract ) NT3,(98% NT1+2% shrimp soluble extract ) NT4 (99% NT1+1% squid soluble extract); NT5( 98% NT1+2% squid soluble extract). The results showed that Noi lai chicken fed the diet  contained 98% concentrate with 2% shrimp soluble extract  (NT3) had the highest total dry matter intake (53.28 g/bird/day), the highest weight gain (WG) (16.44 g/bird/day) (P

The objective of the experiment was to determine effects of hydrolyzed feather meal (HFM) on growth performance and carcass yield of broilers. A total of 1760 day-old male chicks (Ross 308) were assigned to one of 4 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. Birds were fed the experimental diets containing 0 (control), 2, 4, and 6% HFM. Each treatment was replicated with 11 pens of 40 birds each. During the first 2 weeks of age, birds fed the diet containing 4% HFM had the same average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) as those fed the control (P > 0.05). Over a 5-week period, the average body weight of birds fed the control was greater than that of birds fed diets with 2, 4 and 6% HFM (P < 0.001). The average daily feed intake of birds fed the control was similar (P > 0.05) to that of birds fed diets with 2 and 4% HFM, but greater (P < 0.05) than that of birds fed a 6% HFM diet. Birds fed diets with HFM had a lower ADG and greater FCR than those fed the control (P < 0.001). No differences were found among the treatments in dressing percentage, proportion of visceral organs, and survival rate (P > 0.05). Briefly, inclusion of 2-6% HFM in diets for broilers over 5 weeks reduced their growth performance.

The objective of this study was to evaluate efficacy of the nitrogen fixer, Burkholderia sp. PL9 and IAA synthesizer, Acinetobacter sp. GH1-1, respectively, isolated from rice cultivated salt affected soils in the shrimp – rice farming system in Soc Trang province on growth and yield of rice cultivar LP5 on salt affected soil of shrimp – rice farming system in My Xuyen district, Soc Trang province. The field experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with 4 replications and ten treatments. Some parameters including growth, yield components and yield were collected. The results showed that two treatments applied with 50% recommended N (full PK) together with an inoculation of either Burkholderia sp. PL9 or Acinetobacter Sp. GH1-1 had the same plant height, panicle length at the harvesting time (no application for Acinetobacter sp. GH1-1) as the recommended NPK fertilizer treatment without inoculation of bacteria did. Moreover, these two treatments also had a similar panicle numbers/m2 for Acinetobacter sp. GH1-1 and had even higher one for Burkholderia sp. PL9 as compared to the recommended NPK fertilizer treatment without inoculation of bacteria. The rice yield of these two treatments was similar and not significantly different from that of the recommended NPK fertilizer treatment without inoculation. In short, the results showed that both nitrogen fixer, Burkholderia sp. PL9 and IAA plant hormone synthesizer, Acinetobacter sp. GH1-1 had a capacity to provide up to 50% recommended inorganic N fertilizer for rice when grown on salt affected soil.

This study was conducted to find out the Lactobacillus having enough probiotic potential for producing healthy products. The findings indicated that, among 18 strains of bacteria isolated from Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott on MRS agar, there were 7 strains able to survive in pH = 2.5 and resist three kinds of antibiotic: ampicilline, tetracyline and ofloxacine. Three strains of NKC1, OML1 and OML2 had higher antibacterial activity against E. coli than the others. In the study of the extracellular enzyme production, it was found that 7 strains had the ability to produce two kinds of extracellular and the OML2 strain produced the highest amount of amylase through biosynthesis process. It meant that OML2 strain possessed the best probiotic potential amongst the 18 isolated strains. Combined with morphology and biochemical tests, OML2 strain was indentificated as Lactobacillus plantarum by means of the identification by sequencing of 16S rRNA gene (99% identity when searching on Genbank of NCBI).

The study was conducted in the net house conditions for evaluating the effect of  Actinomyces and chemical inducers in controlling groundnut rust caused by Puccinia arachidis. Three Actinomyces strains (i.e. BM15, 4A1 and 8.11.1) were used for investigating their effect in controlling groundnut rust in nethouse through two methods of application such as spraying 1 day before pathogen inoculation and 2 days after pathogen inoculation. The experiment was followed completely randomized design with five replications. The results showed that 3 strains Actinomyces (BM15, 4A1 and 8.11.1) expressed disease reduction similarity with percentage of infected leaf area were significantly lower than the control at 11 and 15 days after pathogen inoculation. However on disease index, only strain 8.11.1 expressed disease reduction. Two methods for application of Actinomyces were not significantly different in efficacy of disease reduction. Evaluating the effect of two chemical inducers at 3 different concentrations i.e. salicylic acid (0.5 mM, 1.0 mM and 1.5 mM by spraying  on the leaves at 2 days before pathogen inoculation) and calcium silicate (1.0 g/kg, 1.5 g/kg and 2.0 g/kg soil by applying to the soil at 7 days before pathogen inoculation). The results showed that all six treatments expressed disease reduction at one or several times of observation, treatment applied with calcium silicate 1.0 g/kg soil gave disease reduction higher through many times of observation.

This study has been carried out to assess the adaptability of snakehead fish under the influence of saline intrusion. Snakehead fish (Channa striata) was acclimated to hapas and distributed experimentally onto 9 hapas in Phung Hiep-Hau Giang and Thanh Phu-Ben Tre to determine the effect of environmental conditions including freshwater (0‰), light brackish water (5.0±1,4‰) and brackish water (11.5±2.5‰) on growth performance, hematological and biochemical indicators. Fish were sampled at the start, after 30, 60 and 120 days of the experiment. Results showed that fish in the light brackish condition have the highest weight gain and length gain, at 236.90 ± 7.25g and 29.50 ± 0.37cm, respectively (p0.05) and this mean value in snakehead fish was quite high, 3.145±0.979 million cells/ml in comparison with other freshwater fishes. Hb concentration in fish increase relatively with salinity levels (p

The study was conducted to evaluate the use of frozen Artemia biomass to replace commercial feed in nursing the giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy). The proportion of Artemia biomass (based on dry weight) in a feeding ration was gradually increased 25% for each treatment. The initial length and weight of fingelings were 2.65±0.19 cm/ind and 0.58±0.14 g/ind, respectively. The results after 45-day culturing showed that the length of fish in all the Artemia-fed treatments was significantly better than that obtained in the control (100% commercial feed). The optimum growth of fish in term of individual weight significantly improved in the Artemia-fed treatments as compared to that obtained in the control. The Artemia biomass improved fish growth as well as survival. The results indicated that the frozen Artemia biomass can be used as a feed source for the giant gourami fingerling.

The study aimed to assess the production efficiency and electricity consuming of white-leg shrimp and black tiger shrimp of intensive and improved extensive farming systems in the Mekong Delta, in order to estimate the demand of electricity to develop the network of electricity supply and use in sustainable shrimp farming. The result indicated that the yield of white-leg shrimp cultured in lining pond was averaged 47±19 ton/ha/crop higher than that of shrimp cultured in earthen ponds (10±11 ton/ha/crop), followed by intensive system culture of black tiger shrimp with shrimp yield of 5±3 ton/ha/crop, and the lowest was the improved extensive system (0,39±0,23 ton/ha/year). White-leg shrimp cultured in lined pond consumed 3,235 kW.h/ton of shrimp (electricity cost of VND 5,085/kg of shrimp) that was higher than that of white-leg cultured in earthen pond 2,914 kW.h/ton of shrimp (VND 4,514/kg of shrimp); but lower than that of intensive black tiger shrimp 4,173 kW.h/ton of shrimp (VND 6,560/kg of shrimp); meanwhile improved extensive of black tiger shrimp did not use electricity.

This study was conducted to determine current status of fisheries and potential aquaculture of echinoidea sea urchin in the South west sea, Kien Giang, Viet Nam. Survey data were collected from a questionnaire-based interview of key informants and 34 fishermen interviews and live specimences were collected from the ocean then transferred to the wetlab, College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University for morphology and taxonomy analysis. The results showed that there are 5 main sea urchin species including collected sea urchin (Tripneustes gratilla), banded sea urchin (Echinotrix calamaris), black sea urchin (Diadema setosum), white salmacis urchin (Salmacis sphaeroides) and Salmacis dussumieri). Among those species collected sea urchin, banded sea urchin and black sea urchin are highly commercial value market. Fishery sea urchin has begun in 2014, but total yield was high (about 36,000 ind./day), with an average of 155±188 ind./household/day. Total revenue for each fishing trip is low about 0.12 million VND/household and net profit is highly fluctuated (0.15-6.0 million VND/household/day), and return on equity ratio is 23. Currently, the exploitation of sea urchin in Kien Giang has faced many difficulties in terms of weather, unstable consumption markets and declining resources. However, protential aquaculture of sea urchin is very high due to large area on the water surface (206 km coastline) and high economic value of sea urchin.

Agar yields and gel properties of red seaweed (Gracilaria tenuistipitata) collected from the improved extensive shrimp farms in Bac Lieu and Ca Mau provinces were monthly investigated from October 2016 to September 2017. Results showed that agar yields varied from 18.23% to 32.97%, gel agar properties such as viscosity fulctuated from 5.43-12.67 CPs, gel strength varied from 98.9-304.6 g/cm2; gelling temperature and melting temperature varied in the ranges of 31.3-35.5oC and 66.5-79.5oC, respectively. These parameters were strongly affected by environmental factors. Results from analysis of Pearson correlation indicated that temperature and salinity were significantly negative correlated with agar yields and gel strength (p

This study was relied on mix-method in collecting and analyzing data. Through information collected from studying documents, doing survey, interviewing participants and observing classes, the research results showed that geography pedagogy students have obtained a basic background about critical thinking and their perceptions towards employing critical thinking in their field are quite possitive. In addition, this article also clarified some main difficulties that the students have faced in developing their critical thinking consisting of applying traditional teaching and learning methods regularly as well as lacking of specialist knowledge, teaching and learning material, and soft skills. Furthermore, the study has indicated some solutions that geography pedagogy learners proposed in order to better develop their mind critically such as improving their perceptions, adding more learning resources, creating good learning environment and improving soft skills.

Self-study in higher education in terms of transfer of knowledge and skills and improvements in learners’ capacity of increased learning outcomes has been increasingly documented. The developed economy creates different social needs with the requirements of competence, quality and knowledge. Thus, it is necessary to help students to become active and creative in their study and work. Research on the use of library promoting self-study plays a role in supporting the school's educational goals in the field of study and research. This research, based on a survey of 300 students (150 first and second year students, 150 third and fourth year students) at the Can Tho Learning Resource Center from February to April 2018, is to answer two following questions: How do students perceive the importance of self-study for learning and research? What is the role of libraries in student self-learning? The result of the research shows that students have positive perceptions about self-study through using the library regularly and spending “self-study” time preparing for the exams.

Using fantasy is one of the art methods to help writers express the concept of life and people. Fantasy material has made breakthroughs in contemporary narrative art. Many contemporary Vietnamese prose writers in recent years have been trying to find and experience the life of the “fantasy” in literature. Nguyen Binh Phuong is one of them. Especially in the short novels Ke xong roi di, the fantasy appears densely, influences many aspects of the work such as: the art of character building; the appearance of elements, objects, special phenomena, strange; symbol world and space, art time. With Nguyen Binh Phuong, the fantasy has become a useful tool in conveying ideas, an indispensable element in the art world of this writer

Tran Huien An is one of the noteworthy poets in Southern urban area of Vietnam before 1975. He published many poems on “Bach Khoa” which is a famous magazine at that time. This article is aimed to examine the value of Tran Huien An’s poetry as well as his contributions to the literature stream in the southern urban area before 1975 by studying some of the poems. His poetry is the voice from a warm-hearted and thoughtful artist. We can feel his emotions for the homeland, family, compatriots and friends... from his works. His poetry has contributed to the poetry and literary appearance in Southern urban area that is a part of Vietnamese literature.

This paper is to report on employers’ comments and the factors influencing employer satisfaction about the quality of Information Science graduates in Can Tho University. Based on conceptual framework of ASEAN University Network - Quality Assurance (AUN-QA) program assessment, this research was conducted using an integrated approach including a survey of 53 employers and an interview of 20 library and information leaders who recruited Information Science graduates. Three factors influencing employer satisfaction identified are professional skills, attitudes and knowledge. The study gives rise to suggestions of how to increase employer satisfaction and quality of Information Science training outputs. Findings not only help improve the quality of education but also contribute to enriching reference resources for the library and information training units of the country.

The research is aimed to evaluate assess the potential and current status of tourism development, and impacted factors on tourism development at Nam Du archipelago. The research method used includes collecting secondary and interviewing 116 domestic travellers to the Nam Du archipelago. Data were processed using SPSS software through descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis tools. This outcome indicated that there are six factors that influenced tourism development in the Nam Du archipelago. This place had many favorable natural conditions such as beautiful natural scenery, calm waves, white sand and good sunshine to develop sea tourism. In addition, at Nam Du archipelago, many preserved spiritual customs of coastal residents, local festivals and many historical-cultural relics contribute to attracting tourists. However, the spontaneous development of marine tourism, wastes from households and tourists, and freshwater availability remain the concerns for this area.

The success of many researchers at home and abroad, corporate culture has been studied since 1992 with the first concept of group culture, to date under the influence of the whole. Globalization, corporate culture has been researched regularly in multinational companies called cultural management. The expansion of the new market in the field of machine installation has made a great development of LILAMA, this includes the contribution of Central Machine Installation Companies. This paper examines the relationship between corporate culture, comprehensive quality management and project efficiency in Central Machinery Installation Company of LILAMA where contractor projects have been awarded contracts with high-value contracts. Data collected from 251 employees of Central Machinery Installation Company by LILAMA were analyzed by using the structural equation model. The results show that corporate culture and overall quality management have a direct impact on the project's effectiveness, thus setting out management measures that create a competitive advantage for Central Machinery Installation Company of LILAMA and apply to other enterprises in Vietnam.

The study is aimed at analyzing the relationship of corporate social responsibility and financial performance by using structural equation modeling (SEM). This relationship is defined both directly and indirectly; it also examines the complex relationship between research concepts: social responsibility, performance, leadership, and business benefits.  The results show that corporate social responsibility has a positive impact on business benefits and business benefits positively impact on financial performance. However, leadership has a negative impact on financial performance when using transformational leadership.

This study aim to explore factors and  influence on tourists’ perceived value of cave tourism services offered at Phong Nha - Ke Bang national park in Quang Binh province.  on the model  from Petrick's (2002) and primary data collectted from 147  questionnaires, the result of the linear regression analysis shows that there are four factors affecting tourists’ perceived value: perceived quality, behavioral price, price and emotional response; in which perceived quality is the most influential factor and the emotional response is the least influential factor to the tourists’ perceived value of cave tourism service. Discussions of the findings and policies to administrate tourists’ perceived value of cave tourism service offered at locality are also presented in this paper.

Currently in Vietnam, a set of various indicators in different fields applied to monitor and evaluate sustainable development at local level has different meanings in assessment. Measuring level of integrated sustainable development is an important basis for achieving sustainable development. The study is to propose a process of normalisation and calculation in assessing integrated sustainable development level. Such a process includes: (i) Using the Min-Max normalisation method to transform value of the individual indicators to value [0,1] and have the same meaning of variation in the assessment, using the reference value are the target or trend values; (ii) Using non weight average method to calculate the integatred indexof the representative groups; (iii) Using non weight average method to calculate the integrated sustainable development indice from the representative group indices. The study proposed a five-level scale in the assessment of sustainable development. Based-on the proposed process, the study results for Ha Tinh province showed its relative level of sustainable development but unbalanced among individual target. The proposed process with clear scientific basis could so be applied widely

The value chain approach method from Kaplinsky and Morris (2001) was used in this study to analyze the rice value chain in Phong Dien district of Can Tho city. The data of the study were collected from 92 observations, including households, traders, mills, food companies and retailers. Research results showed that the rice value chain is operated through four main market channels. Of which, Channel 1 and Channel 4 are two important channels in the export market (accounting for 47.83% of rice production). Channels 2 and 3 mainly focused on the domestic market and created the quite high value added. Among stakeholders involved in the chain, the household is the stakeholder created the value added and received the highest net value added among stakeholders. In addition, three solutions were proposed to agricultural sector for improving the rice value chain in Phong Dien district of Can Tho city, including (1) Developing the high quality rice fields, (2) Improving the agricultural forecast and market information system; (3) Strengthening technology transfer to farmers.

Tinh Bien is the district with the second largest area of mango production in An Giang province, but the mango production and consumption remains in difficult. Therefore, the demand for research on production, consumption as well as profit distribution among mango value chain actors, particular mango farmers is essential. The study was conducted via face-to-face interviews with 56 mango farmers, 03 traders, 10 retailers and 11 consumers. The study found that within the whole value chain, traders/collectors had the highest profit, approximately 94.91 billion VND/year (occupy about 97.05%), followed by mango farmers at 2.09 billion VND/year (about 2.14%) and retailers got the lowest profit at 0.797 billion VND/year (about 0.81%). Based on the analysis, distribution channel from producer => traders=>other traders => export => oversea consumers had a biggest market share in terms of distribution and highest total net added value at 8,120 VND/kg, in which mango producers received 5,700 VND/kg, is considered as the most effective distributon channel in the value chain. Besides, the distribution channel from mango farmers directly to domestic consumers also need to be promoted together with eco-tourism development.