Effects of replacing fish oil by vegetable oils on growth performance, feed utilization efficiency, and body fatty acid composition of golden rabbitfish (Siganus guttatus Bloch, 1787)
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Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of totally replacing fish oil with plant oils on the growth performance, feed efficiency, fatty acid profile, and body composition of golden rabbitfish (Siganus guttatus). Fingerlings (4.50 ± 0.14 g) were stocked at 40 fish m⁻³ in nine 4 m³ concrete tanks under a completely randomized design with three diets: fish oil (ĐC), soybean oil (ĐN), and sunflower oil (HD). After a 60-day feeding trial, fish fed the ĐC diet exhibited significantly higher growth rate, final weight, and total body weight than those fed ĐN or HD (p < 0.05). ĐC diet also achieved the best feed conversion ratio (FCR), followed by ĐN, while HD had the worst FCR. Meanwhile, proximate composition (crude protein, dry matter, ash) did not differ among treatments (p> 0.05). The highest polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content was recorded in fish fed ĐC, followed by HD and ĐN. The results indicated that fish oil was the most suitable lipid source for S. guttatus, while soybean oil and sunflower oil showed comparable performance as alternative lipid sources.
Tóm tắt
Tác động của việc thay thế hoàn toàn dầu cá bằng dầu thực vật đến tăng trưởng, hiệu quả sử dụng thức ăn, thành phần acid béo và thành phần cơ thể cá dìa (Siganus guttatus) được đánh giá trong nghiên cứu. Cá giống (4,50 ± 0,14 g) được nuôi với mật độ 40 con/m³ trong chín bể xi măng 4 m³, bố trí theo thiết kế hoàn toàn ngẫu nhiên với ba nghiệm thức: dầu cá (ĐC), dầu đậu nành (ĐN) và dầu hướng dương (HD). Sau 60 ngày, cá ăn khẩu phần ĐC đạt tốc độ tăng trưởng, khối lượng cuối và sinh khối cao hơn đáng kể so với ĐN và HD (p < 0,05), đồng thời có hệ số chuyển hóa thức ăn (FCR) thấp nhất. Thành phần hóa học (protein thô, chất khô, khoáng) không khác biệt giữa các nghiệm thức (p > 0,05). Hàm lượng acid béo không bão hòa đa (PUFA) cao nhất ở cá ăn ĐC, tiếp theo là HD và ĐN. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy dầu cá là nguồn lipid phù hợp nhất cho S. guttatus; trong các nguồn lipid thay thế, dầu đậu nành và dầu hướng dương cho hiệu quả tương đương.
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