Phân tích các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến các mô hình nuôi trồng thuỷ sản tại huyện Năm Căn, tỉnh Cà Mau
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Abstract
The article aims to identify factors affecting aquaculture types in Nam Can district, which is the basis for proposing solutions to reduce the impact, towards sustainable agricultural development. 90 farmers and 30 agricultural managers in the communes of Nam Can district were surveyed to find out the factors affecting three aquaculture types. Afterwards, 30 experts were consulted to determine the level of influence of the factors by multi-criteria evaluation methods. The results showed that factors such as weather, profit, soil, household capital, investment costs, and capital efficiency were the main influencing factors. Thereby, solutions about soil improvement, irrigation system improvement, production chain construction, quality and price management of materials, scientific and technical training and loan support policies for aquaculture were proposed to advise farmers to manage, exploit and use land resources reasonably.
Tóm tắt
Bài viết được thực hiện nhằm tìm hiểu các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến các loại hình nuôi trồng thuỷ sản của huyện Năm Căn làm cơ sở đề xuất giải pháp giảm thiểu sự tác động, hướng đến phát triển nông nghiệp bền vững. Với 90 hộ dân và 30 cán bộ quản lý nông nghiệp được khảo sát nhằm tìm hiểu các yếu tố tác động đến ba loại hình nuôi trồng thuỷ sản. Sau đó, 30 chuyên gia được tham vấn để xác định mức độ ảnh hưởng của các yếu tố bằng phương pháp đánh giá đa tiêu chí. Kết quả cho thấy, các yếu tố về thời tiết, lợi nhuận, thổ nhưỡng, nguồn vốn nông hộ, chi phí đầu tư, hiệu quả đồng vốn là những yếu tố ảnh hưởng chính. Qua đó, các giải pháp như: cải tạo đất, hoàn thiện hệ thống thuỷ lợi, xây dựng chuỗi liên kết sản xuất, quản lý chất lượng và giá vật tư, tập huấn khoa học kỹ thuật và chính sách hỗ trợ vay vốn cho nuôi trồng thuỷ sản được đề xuất nhằm khuyến cáo cho người dân quản lý, khai thác và sử dụng tài nguyên đất hợp lý.
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