Sự hiện diện một số gene độc lực và kháng kháng sinh của vi khuẩn Escherichia coli phân lập tại cơ sở giết mổ heo tỉnh An Giang
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Abstract
By PCR method, in a total of 52 Escherichia coli strains isolated from pork and the environment, genes stx2 (42.30%) and eae (17.31%) were detected at a high rate, but genes stx1 and hlyA were not found. Moreover, only genes encoding adhesion factors F18 (5.77%) and F41 (1.92%) were determined, but F4 and F5 were not found. E. coli strains examined for antimicrobial susceptibility showed that these strains were highly resistant to ampicillin (92.31%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (86.54%), streptomycin (82.69%), and colistin (44.23%). There were 90.38% of E. coli strains resistant to 2 to 6 tested antibiotic types, and the pattern of Am + Sm (21.15%) was the most common. The results of PCR analysis showed that the genes blaTEM (92.30%) and aadA1 (48.07%) accounted for a high proportion. 96.15% of E. coli strains harbored from 1 to 3 antibiotic resistance genes, and the pattern of blaTEM + aadA1 was commonly recorded in strains from pork and the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to control contamination with antibiotic-resistance E. coli strains in slaughterhouses to protect public health.
Tóm tắt
Bằng phương pháp PCR, trong tổng số 52 chủng Escherichia coli được phân lập từ thịt heo và môi trường giết mổ đã xác định sự hiện diện cao của gene stx2 (42,30%), eae (17,31%) nhưng không tìm thấy gene stx1 và hlyA. Đồng thời, chỉ tìm thấy gene mã hóa yếu tố bám dính F18 (5,77%), F41 (1,92%) nhưng không tìm thấy F4 và F5. Các chủng E. coli được kiểm tra sự nhạy cảm với kháng sinh cho thấy các chủng này đã đề kháng rất cao với ampicillin (92,31%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (86,54%), streptomycin (82,69%) và colistin (44,23%). Có 90,38% chủng E. coli đề kháng từ 2 đến 6 loại kháng sinh được kiểm tra, và kiểu hình Am + Sm (21,15%) phổ biến nhất. Kết quả phân tích bằng PCR ghi nhận gene blaTEM (92,30%) và aadA1(48,07%) chiếm tỷ lệ cao. Có 96,15% chủng E. coli mang từ 1 đến 3 gene đề kháng kháng sinh, và kiểu ghép gene blaTEM + aadA1 được tìm thấy phổ biến trên các chủng từ thịt tươi và môi trường. Do đó, việc kiểm soát sự vấy nhiễm các chủng E. coli đề kháng kháng sinh tại cơ sở giết mổ là cần thiết để bảo vệ sức khỏe cộng đồng.
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