Định danh và khả năng tiết enzyme đối kháng của Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ba5att với phytophthora palmivora gây bệnh vàng lá, thối rễ sầu riêng tại xã Long Kiến, tỉnh An Giang
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Abstract
This study aimed to select Bacillus sp. strains antagonistic to Phytophthora palmivora, the causal agent of durian leaf yellowing and root rot diseases, and to identify their morphological and biochemical characteristics, and to perform PCR-sequencing for application in disease control. Five bacterial strains (BA2LK, BA5LK, BA6LK, BA2ATT and BA5ATT) were isolated from 12 durian rhizosphere soil samples in Long Kien commune, An Giang province, all of which showed morphological and biological characteristics consistent with the genus Bacillus . In vitro antagonism tests showed that all five strains inhibited the mycelium growth of P. palmivora from 2 to 8 days after inoculation. Among them, strain BA5ATT was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, exhibiting the highest antagonistic efficiency (27.2-47.5%) and consistently strong production of cellulase (30.6-55.02 mm) and β-glucanase (36.6-59.74 mm) from 3 to 9 days after inoculation. This strain was a promising biocontrol agent for managing durian leaf yellowing and root rot diseases.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm tuyển chọn dòng Bacillus sp. đối kháng Phytophthora palmivora gây vàng lá, thối rễ sầu riêng, đồng thời xác định đặc điểm hình thái và sinh hóa và PCR - giải trình tự để ứng dụng phòng trừ bệnh. Từ 12 mẫu đất vùng rễ sầu riêng đại diện ở xã Long Kiến, tỉnh An Giang, năm dòng vi khuẩn (BA2LK, BA5LK, BA6LK, BA2ATT và BA5ATT) đã được phân lập, các dòng này đều có đặc điểm hình thái và sinh học phù hợp với chi Bacillus. Kết quả đối kháng ở in vitro cho thấy cả 5 dòng đều có khả năng năng ức chế sự phát triển sợi nấm của P. palmivora từ 2 đến 8 ngày sau đối kháng. Dòng vi khuẩn BA5ATT được định danh là loài Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, có hiệu suất đối kháng cao nhất (27,2-47,5%) và duy trì tốt khả năng tiết enzyme cellulase (30,6-55,02 mm) và β-glucanase (36,6-59,74 mm) mạnh từ 3 đến 9 ngày sau cấy. Đây là tác nhân sinh học tiềm năng trong kiểm soát bệnh hại sầu riêng.
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