Efficacy of Plant Extract-Based Treatments Against Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
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Abstract
Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, causes a significant reduction in the growth and yield of tomato. Plant extracts have been demonstrated as an effective control strategy. However, to optimize the efficacy of measure controls, the treatment timing is important and needs to be clarified. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two application methods, including (1) a single treatment before planting and (2) repeated treatments after seeding in infested M. incognita soils under laboratory conditions. Seven treatments were tested, including 10% chili extract, 10% Annona glabra leaf extract, 10% garlic extract, 0.3% neem extract, a combination of 0.3% neem + 10% garlic, the active ingredient Fluopyram, and a water control. Results showed that repeated applications significantly reduced nematode populations compared to a single pre-planting treatment. Among the treatments, 10% garlic, 0.3% neem, and 0.3% neem + 10% garlic were the most effective, markedly lowering nematode densities in both soil and roots compared with the control, while showing no adverse effects on plant growth.
Tóm tắt
Triệu chứng bướu rễ do tuyến trùng ký sinh Meloidogyne incognita gây ra làm suy giảm khả năng hấp thu dinh dưỡng và nước, ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng đến sinh trưởng và năng suất cà chua. Sử dụng dịch trích thực vật đã được chứng minh là một biện pháp hiệu quả trong phòng trừ. Tối ưu hiệu quả phòng trừ qua các biện pháp sử dụng cần được thực hiện. Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả kiểm soát M. incognita của hai phương pháp xử lý gồm (1) xử lý một lần trước khi trồng và (2) xử lý lặp lại sau khi trồng cà chua, với 07 nghiệm thức: dịch trích ớt 10%, lá bình bát 10%, tỏi 10%, neem 0,3%, neem 0,3% + tỏi 10%, hoạt chất fluopyram và đối chứng nước trong điều kiện phòng thí nghiệm. Kết quả cho thấy, phương pháp xử lý lặp lại giảm mật số tuyến trùng đáng kể so với xử lý một lần trước khi trồng. Trong đó, các nghiệm thức tỏi 10%, neem 0,3% và neem 0,3% + tỏi 10% thể hiện hiệu quả cao, giảm rõ rệt mật số tuyến trùng trong đất và rễ so với đối chứng, đồng thời không ảnh hưởng đến sinh trưởng cây trồng.
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