Genetic diversity of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus, Bloch 1792) populations based on RAPD and ISSR markers

Pham Thi Trang Nhung * and Duong Thuy Yen

* Corresponding author (pttnhung@nomail.com)

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Received: 10 Jun 2014
Accepted: 04 Aug 2014
Published: 24 Sep 2014
Title: Genetic diversity of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus, Bloch 1792) populations based on RAPD and ISSR markers
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How to Cite
Nhung, P. T. T., & Yên, D. T. (2014). Genetic diversity of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus, Bloch 1792) populations based on RAPD and ISSR markers. CTU Journal of Science, (CĐ Thủy sản), 101-108. Retrieved from https://ctujsvn.ctu.edu.vn/index.php/ctujsvn/article/view/1813
Issue
No. Special issue on Fisheries (2014)
Section
Aquaculture and Fisheries

Abstract

Genetic diversity of freshwater fish species in the wild can be negatively affected by overexploitation and aquaculture activities, while that of cultured populations can be reduced due to evolutionary changes associated in captive conditions. In this study, we evaluated genetic diversity of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus), an important species in aquaculture and fisheries, in one cultured (called square-head, in Hau Giang province) and 3 wild populations (sampled in Ca Mau, Hau Giang and Dong Thap provinces) using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) techniques. Total 83 specimens were amplified using 7 primers (1 RAPD and 6 ISSR primers). All populations showed moderate levels of genetic diversity, evidenced by the percentage of polymorphism (ranged 78.9% - 85.9%) and heterozygosity (averaged 0.192 - 0.258). Wild fish population in Ca Mau had the highest genetic diversity. Results also revealed that a high portion of total genetic variation existed within populations (92%), while genetic differentiation among populations was low (Gst=0.0648), indicating a high level of gene flow (Nm = 7.2) among populations. Low genetic difference among climbing perch populations could be affected by anthropogenic activities and geographic feature such as river/canal systems of the Mekong delta.
Keywords: Genetic diversity, climbing perch, Anabas testudineus, gene flow, fish populations, RAPD, ISSR

Tóm tắt

Sự đa dạng di truyền của các quần thể cá nước ngọt tự nhiên có thể bị ảnh hưởng xấu bởi việc khai thác quá mức và các hoạt động trong nuôi trồng thủy sản, trong khi đó các quần thể cá nuôi lại có thể bị giảm sút do các quá trình thay đổi di truyền trong điều kiện nuôi. Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá sự đa dạng di truyền của loài cá rô đồng (Anabas testudineus), 1 loài cá rất quan trọng trong nuôi trồng và đánh bắt thủy sản, ở 1 quần thể cá nuôi (được gọi là cá rô đầu vuông ở tỉnh Hậu Giang) và 3 quần thể cá tự nhiên (được thu tại Cà Mau, Đồng Tháp và Hậu Giang) sử dụng các kỹ thuật RAPD (Random amplified polymorphic DNA) và ISSR (Inter-simple sequence repeat). Tổng cộng 83 mẫu đã được khuyếch đại với 7 loại mồi (1 mồi RAPD và 6 mồi ISSR). Bốn quần thể cá đều cho thấy mức độ đa dạng di truyền trung bình, thể hiện qua các thông số: tỉ lệ gene đa hình (từ 78,9% - 85,9%) và tỉ lệ dị hợp (trung bình từ 0,192 ? 0,258). Quần thể cá tự nhiên ở Cà Mau có sự đa dạng di truyền cao nhất. Kết quả nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy phần lớn trong tổng số biến dị di truyền tồn tại trong cùng 1 quần thể (92%), trong khi đó sự khác biệt di truyền giữa các quần thể lại thấp (giá trị Gst = 0,0648), chứng tỏ mức độ trao đổi gene cao (Nm=7,2) giữa các quần thể. Sự khác biệt di truyền thấp có thể do bị ảnh hưởng bởi các hoạt động của con người và đặc điểm địa lí như hệ thống sông ngòi kênh rạch ở Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long.
Từ khóa: Đa dạng di truyền, cá rô đồng, Anabas testudineus, dòng chảy gene, các quần thể cá, RAPD, ISSR

Article Details

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