Đánh giá hiệu quả sử dụng một số loại phân bón hữu cơ trong canh tác cây ích mẫu (Leonurus japonicus Houtt.)
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Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of microbial organic fertilizer (MOF) and vermicompost in the cultivation of the Leonurus japonicus Houtt., to reduce the reliance on chemical fertilizers and promote sustainable agriculture. The results demonstrated that the application of 3 tons/ha of QCL007 MOF, or the use of 2 tons/ha of vermicompost to replace 20% of inorganic nitrogen, enhanced both the yield and alkaloid content of the Leonurus japonicus Houtt. plants. However, the complete substitution of inorganic fertilizer with vermicompost led to a 22.2% reduction in yield. The organic fertilizer treatments also contributed to an improvement in soil pH, organic matter and nutrient content after the experiment. These findings confirmed that organic fertilizers hold significant potential for partially replacing chemical fertilizers, thereby improving yield, the quality of the medicinal material, and overall soil health. This opens up an effective pathway for the green and sustainable cultivation of Leonurus japonicus Houtt.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả của phân hữu cơ vi sinh (HCVS) và phân trùn quế trong canh tác cây ích mẫu, hướng đến giảm thiểu sử dụng phân bón hóa học và phát triển nông nghiệp bền vững. Kết quả cho thấy việc bón 3 tấn/ha phân hữu cơ vi sinh QCL007 hoặc việc sử dụng 2 tấn phân trùn quế để thay thế 20% lượng đạm vô cơ giúp tăng năng suất và hàm lượng alkaloid của cây ích mẫu. Tuy nhiên, việc thay thế hoàn toàn phân bón vô cơ bằng phân trùn quế làm giảm 22,2% năng suất. Các công thức bón phân hữu cơ cũng góp phần cải thiện pH, hàm lượng chất hữu cơ và dinh dưỡng đất sau thí nghiệm. Kết quả nghiên cứu khẳng định phân hữu cơ có tiềm năng lớn trong việc thay thế một phần phân bón hóa học, giúp nâng cao năng suất, chất lượng dược liệu và sức khỏe đất, mở ra hướng đi hiệu quả cho canh tác cây ích mẫu theo định hướng xanh, bền vững.
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