Đặc điểm sinh học quần đàn cá cơm Thái (Stolephorus dubiosus Wongratana, 1983) ở vùng biển tỉnh Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu
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Abstract
The study to determine some population biological characteristics of Thai anchovy (Stolephorus dubiosus Wongratana, 1983) in the seawaters of Ba Ria-Vung Tau province. During the time of study from September 2020 to August 2021, a total of 1,834 samples were collected from stow nets and bottom trawl nets. The results showed that the average length of Thai anchovy was 50.4±7.3 mm, concentrated in the length group from 40-50 mm. The von Bertalanffy growth equation was Lt = 89.3×(1-e -0.99*(t-(-0.13))), and the longevity (tmax) was estimated as 3.04. The length-weight relationship equations were Wmale = 1E-05*L2.93; R² = 0.85 and WFemale = 2E-05*L2.86 ;R² = 0.85. The spawning season was concentrated in 2 peaks, from January to March and August to October. The length at first maturity (Lm50) is 42.6 mm. The Thai anchovy population was being exploited at an equilibrium level with the total mortality (Z) estimated at 3.82 yr-1, natural mortality (M) was 2.50 yr-1, fishing mortality (F) was 1.32 yr-1, and exploitation coefficient (E) was 0.35. The recruitment pattern of Thai anchovy was year-round, concentrated in 2 peaks, most in March and August. These research results provided a scientific basis for the sustainable management and exploitation of S. dubiosus resources in the region.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm xác định một số đặc điểm sinh học quần đàn của loài cá cơm Thái (Stolephorus dubiosus Wongratana, 1983) ở vùng biển tỉnh Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu từ tháng 9/2020 đến tháng 8/2021, với 1.834 mẫu được thu thập từ nghề đáy và lưới kéo đáy. Kết quả cho thấy chiều dài khai thác trung bình là 50,4±7,3 mm, tập trung từ 40 đến 50 mm. Phương trình sinh trưởng von Bertalanffy: Lt = 89,3×(1-e -0,99*(t-(-0,13))), tuổi tối đa ước tính tmax = 3,04 năm. Sự tương quan chiều dài và khối lượng: Wcá đực = 1E - 05*L2,93, R² = 0,85; Wcá cái = 2E - 05*L2,86, R² = 0,85. Mùa vụ sinh sản chính từ tháng 1-3 và từ tháng 8 - 10; chiều dài thành thục ban đầu Lm50= 42,6 mm. Quần thể đang được khai thác ở mức cân bằng: Z = 3,82/năm, M = 2,50/năm, F = 1,32/năm, E = 0,35. Quần đàn được bổ sung quanh năm, nhiều nhất vào tháng 3 và tháng 8. Kết quả nghiên cứu là cơ sở cho khoa học cho việc quản lý và khai thác hiệu quả nguồn lợi cá cơm Thái tại địa phương.
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