Phạm Phước Nhẫn * , Lê Thị Kim Mai , Nguyễn Thị Diễm Kiều Bùi Thị Tố Như

* Tác giả liên hệ (ppnhan@ctu.edu.vn)

Abstract

Rice is the main food crop which nurtures for more than a half of world population and grown widely in Asia. In the southern of Viet Nam, Cuu Long Delta is the major region of country rice production located in the low topography and frequently flooded in annual rainy season causing many problems for rice farming. One of an adaptive mechanism of rice to submergence is to reduce elongation and save energy by slowing down the metabolic process. Silver is the well-known element which inhibits ethylene biosynthesis that plays a diverse function in plant biology. This experiment aimed to find out the appropriate concentration of AgNO3 to enhance rice tolerance to submergence of some popular rice cultivars and investigate total soluble sugars in plants after drainage and measure oxygen consumption during submergence. Experimental results showed that AgNO3 at 3 mg/L rescued 83% of rice seedlings after 7 days of submergence in contrast to 29% of the control. After a 7 day submergence with water, 70% of OM6976 seedlings survived as the highest ratio in comparison to the lowest one, 47% of OM4218, but those rice cultivars treated with AgNO3 in the same manner resulted in equal survival of 75% in average. After submergence, the dissolved oxygen decreased gradually but in the present of AgNO3 in the solution its level maintained; this could be a possible factor to prolong the endurance ability of rice seedlings together with less utility of total soluble sugars during anaerobic metabolism.
Keywords: Dissolved oxygen, ethylene, hypoxia, silver nitrate, total soluble sugars

Tóm tắt

Lúa là cây lương thực chủ lực nuôi sống hơn một nữa dân số thế giới được trồng nhiều ở Châu Á. Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long là khu vực sản xuất lúa chủ lực của Việt Nam nhưng là vùng đất thấp và bị ngập do lũ hằng năm gây khó khăn cho sản xuất lúa. Cơ chế thích nghi của cây lúa với ngập úng là hạn chế sự vương lóng và tiêu hao năng lượng bằng cách giảm thiểu quá trình biến dưỡng. Bạc là tác nhân ức chế tổng hợp ethylene có nhiều chức năng ở thực vật. Nghiên cứu này nhằm xác định nồng độ AgNO3 cho hiệu quả cao nhất lên tính chống chịu úng trên cây lúa và định lượng các hợp chất biến dưỡng như hàm lượng đường và nồng độ oxy. Tỷ lệ sống của cây lúa sau 7 ngày ngập cao nhất khi xử lý với AgNO3 3 mg/L là 83% so với đối chứng 29%. Giống OM6976 cho tỷ lệ sống cao nhất 70% và thấp nhất là OM4218 47% nhưng khi xử lý ngập với AgNO3 tỷ lệ sống là như nhau, khoảng 75%. Oxy trong nước giảm dần sau khi ngập nhưng với sự hiện diện của AgNO3 hàm lượng oxy giảm chậm hơn so với đối chứng có thể là nguyên nhân kéo dài khả năng chịu đựng của cây lúa bên cạnh hạn chế tiêu hao hàm lượng đường trong quá trình biến dưỡng yếm khí.
Từ khóa: bạc nitrate, đường hòa tan tổng số, ethylene, oxy hòa tan, yếm khí

Article Details

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