Studies on the removal efficiency of Malachite Green in aqueous solution using bimetallic CuZn-ZIFs materials
,
,
,
and
*
Article Sidebar
Full Text: 
PDF
Abstract
In this study, bimetallic CuZn-ZIFs material was synthesized via a solvothermal method and evaluated for its ability to remove malachite green from aqueous solutions. The structural, morphological, and physicochemical properties of CuZn-ZIFs were characterized using PXRD, FT-IR, SEM, TGA, BET, and EDX analyses. CuZn-ZIFs exhibited a characteristic polyhedral morphology, high thermal stability up to approximately 350°C, and a specific surface area of 1286 m2/g. The removal efficiency of malachite green reached 98.7% when 0.3 g/L CuZn-ZIFs and 0.1 g/L potassium peroxydisulfate were applied within 20 minutes at room temperature. After four consecutive reuse cycles, the material maintained a removal efficiency above 85%, indicating effective recovery and reuse potential.
Tóm tắt
Trong nghiên cứu này, vật liệu lưỡng kim CuZn-ZIFs đã được tổng hợp bằng phương pháp nhiệt dung môi và được đánh giá khả năng xử lý thuốc nhuộm malachite green trong nước. Các đặc tính cấu trúc, hình thái và tính chất hóa lý của CuZn-ZIFs được xác định thông qua các phương pháp như PXRD, FT-IR, SEM, TGA, BET và EDX. CuZn-ZIFs thể hiện hình thái đa diện đặc trưng, độ bền nhiệt cao lên đến khoảng 350°C và diện tích bề mặt riêng đạt 1286 m2/g. Hiệu suất xử lý malachite green đạt 98,7% khi có sự hiện diện của 0,3 g/L CuZn-ZIFs và 0,1 g/L potassium peroxydisulfate trong 20 phút ở nhiệt độ phòng. Sau bốn chu kỳ tái sử dụng, vật liệu vẫn duy trì hiệu suất loại bỏ trên 85%, cho thấy khả năng thu hồi và tái sử dụng hiệu quả.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
Al-Tohamy, R., Ali, S. S., Li, F., Okasha, K. M., Mahmoud, Y. A.-G., Elsamahy, T., Jiao, H., Fu, Y., & Sun, J. (2022). A critical review on the treatment of dye-containing wastewater: Ecotoxicological and health concerns of textile dyes and possible remediation approaches for environmental safety. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 231, 113160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113160
Anbari, A. P., Delcheh, S. R., Kashif, M., Ranjbari, A., Karbalaei Akbari, M., Zhuiykov, S., Heynderickx, P. M., & Verpoort, F. (2025). Engineering Fe-Modified zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (Fe-ZIF-8 and Fe-ZIF-67) via in situ thermal synthesis for enhanced adsorption of malachite green from aqueous solutions: A comprehensive study of Isotherms, Kinetics, and thermodynamics. Nanomaterials, 15(14), 1097. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15141097
Dang, H. G., Tran, T. V. H., Tran, B. H., Le, T. A. T., Luong, H. V. T., Cao, L. N. H., Nguyen, Q. C. T., & Nguyen, M. N. (2024). Combination of Cu and Zn on ZIF structure for efficient degradation of basic fuchsin in aqueous solution. Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis, 137(4), 2289-2308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-024-02653-7
Giao, D. H., Tan, H. N. T., Thien, D. V. H., Van Toan, P., Thu, L. T. A., & Anh, T. K. (2020). Facile synthesis of bimetallic ZnCo-ZIFs and Ag nanoparticles loading on ZnCo-ZIFs (Ag/ZnCo-ZIFs). CTU Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development, 12(3), 47-53. https://doi.org/10.22144/ctu.jen.2020.023
Huang, Q., Chen, C., Zhao, X., Bu, X., Liao, X., Fan, H., Gao, W., Hu, H., Zhang, Y., & Huang, Z. (2021). Malachite green degradation by persulfate activation with CuFe2O4@ biochar composite: efficiency, stability and mechanism. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9(4), 105800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.105800
James, J. B., & Lin, Y. (2017). Thermal stability of ZIF-8 membranes for gas separations. Journal of Membrane Science, 532, 9-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2017.02.017
Kumari, M., & Pulimi, M. (2023). Sulfate radical-based degradation of organic pollutants: a review on application of metal-organic frameworks as catalysts. ACS omega, 8(38), 34262-34280. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c02977
Li, X., Yan, X., Hu, X., Feng, R., Zhou, M., & Wang, L. (2020). Hollow Cu-Co/N-doped carbon spheres derived from ZIFs as an efficient catalyst for peroxymonosulfate activation. Chemical Engineering Journal, 397, 125533.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.125533
Lin, H., Zhang, H., & Hou, L. (2014). Degradation of CI Acid Orange 7 in aqueous solution by a novel electro/Fe3O4/PDS process. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 276, 182-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.05.021
Luong, T. H. V., Nguyen, T. H. T., Nguyen, B. V., Nguyen, N. K., Nguyen, T. Q. C., & Dang, G. H. (2022). Efficient degradation of methyl orange and methylene blue in aqueous solution using a novel Fenton-like catalyst of CuCo-ZIFs. Green Processing and Synthesis, 11(1), 71-83. https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2022-0006
Mani, G., Kumar, A. V., & Mathew, S. (2023). ZIF-8 derived ZnO: a facile catalyst for ammonium perchlorate thermal decomposition. RSC Sustainability, 1(8), 2081-2091. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SU00256J
Mohamed, F. F., Allah, P., Mehdi, A., & Baseem, M. (2011). Photoremoval of Malachite Green (MG) using advanced oxidation process. Res. J. Chem. Environ, 15(3), 65-70.
Nagarjun, N., & Dhakshinamoorthy, A. (2019). A Cu-Doped ZIF-8 metal organic framework as a heterogeneous solid catalyst for aerobic oxidation of benzylic hydrocarbons. New journal of chemistry, 43(47), 18702-18712. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NJ03698A
Nguyen, T. Q. C., Tran, H. B., Nguyen, N. K., Nguyen, N. M., & Dang, G. H. (2023). Removal efficiency of dibenzofuran using CuZn-zeolitic imidazole frameworks as a catalyst and adsorbent. Green Processing and Synthesis, 12, 20228112.
https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2022-8112
Park, K. S., Ni, Z., Côté, A. P., Choi, J. Y., Huang, R., Uribe-Romo, F. J., Chae, H. K., O’Keeffe, M., & Yaghi, O. M. (2006). Exceptional chemical and thermal stability of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(27), 10186-10191.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0602439103
Qin, Y., Wang, S., Zhang, B., Chen, W., An, M., Yang, Z., Gao, H., & Qin, S. (2024). Zinc and sulfur functionalized biochar as a peroxydisulfate activator via deferred ultraviolet irradiation for tetracycline removal. RSC advances, 14(8), 5648-5664.
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA07923F
Rakshitha, K., Giridhar, R., Prathima, B., & Sainath, K. (2025). Effect of ammonium hydroxide modification of ZIF-8 nanoparticles on hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solution. Scientific Reports, 16, 2935. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-32803-3
Rehman, F., Ahmad, W., Parveen, N., Zakir, S. K., Khan, S., & Han, C. (2023). The catalytic degradation of the inflammatory drug diclofenac sodium in water by Fe2+/persulfate, Fe2+/peroxymonosulfate and Fe2+/H2O2 processes: A comparative analysis. Water, 15(5), 885.
https://doi.org/10.3390/w15050885
Şahin, F., Topuz, B., & Kalıpçılar, H. (2018). Synthesis of ZIF-7, ZIF-8, ZIF-67 and ZIF-L from recycled mother liquors. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 261, 259-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2017.11.020
Sarfo, D. K., Kaur, A., Marshall, D. L., & O'Mullane, A. P. (2023). Electrochemical degradation and mineralisation of organic dyes in aqueous nitrate solutions. Chemosphere, 316, 137821.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137821
Singh, S., Aggarwal, D., Pathak, S., Kumar, V., Tikoo, K., & Singhal, S. (2023). Tri-metallic ZIF mediated synthesis of defect rich N-doped Co3O4/ZnO/NiO S-scheme heterostructure for detection and photocatalytic degradation of persistent organic pollutants. Environmental Science: Nano, 10(9), 2514-2531.
https://doi.org/10.1039/D3EN00292F
Srivastava, S., Sinha, R., & Roy, D. (2004). Toxicological effects of malachite green. Aquatic toxicology, 66(3), 319-329.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2003.09.008
Sun, J., Li, C., Lei, Z., & Guo, Y. (2024). Enhanced degradation of carbamazepine in water over Fe3O4@ZIF-8 nanocomposites with persulfate or peroxymonosulfate as activator. Catalysis Today, 435, 114733.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2024.114733
Sun, Y., Zhang, N., Yue, Y., Xiao, J., Huang, X., & Ishag, A. (2022). Recent advances in the application of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) in environmental remediation: a review. Environmental Science: Nano, 9(11), 4069-4092.
https://doi.org/10.1039/D2EN00601D
Taheri, M., Enge, T. G., & Tsuzuki, T. (2020). Water stability of cobalt doped ZIF-8: a quantitative study using optical analyses. Materials Today Chemistry, 16, 100231.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2019.100231
Wang, X., Zhao, Y., Sun, Y., & Liu, D. (2022). Highly effective removal of ofloxacin from water with copper-doped ZIF-8. Molecules, 27(13), 4312.
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27134312
Xu, Z., Zada, N., Habib, F., Ullah, H., Hussain, K., Ullah, N., Bibi, M., Bibi, M., Ghani, H., & Khan, S. (2023). Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye using silver–manganese oxide nanoparticles. Molecules, 28(17), 6241.
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176241
Yang, X., Zhao, J., Cavaco-Paulo, A., Su, J., & Wang, H. (2023). Encapsulated laccase in bimetallic Cu/Zn ZIFs as stable and reusable biocatalyst for decolorization of dye wastewater. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 233, 123410.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123410
Zhang, Y., Jia, Y., Li, M., & Hou, L. a. (2018). Influence of the 2-methylimidazole/zinc nitrate hexahydrate molar ratio on the synthesis of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 crystals at room temperature. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 9597.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28015-7