Efficacy of biological agents against the root-knot nematode, (Meloidogyne incognita) infecting tomato under greenhouse conditions
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Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of biological agents against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomatoes under greenhouse conditions. A randomized experiment design was carried out with nine treatments and four replications, namely: Paecilomyces lilacinus, Plectosphaerella cucumerina, P. lilacinus + P. cucumerina, neem 0,3%, Garlic extracts 10%, Neem 0,3% + garlic extracts 10%, Mixture (P. lilacinus + P. cucumerina + neem 0,3% + garlic extracts 10%), Untreated, Fluopyram 0,17%. The number of galls and juveniles on roots, in soil, and plant height were evaluated at 15, 30, and 45 days after inoculation (DAI). The results showed that the Mixture treatment reduced several galls on roots significantly lower compared to untreated at 15, 30, and 45 DAI, respectively. P. lilacinus + P. cucumerina and Garlic extracts 10% treatments significantly reduced the number of galls to 458 and 544 galls, respectively, at 45 DAI compared to untreated (1513 galls). The number of juveniles (J2) in soil and on roots was lower in treated than untreated. Especially, Mixture and P. lilacinus + P. cucumerina significantly reduced the number of J2 in the soil to 37 and 55 compared to untreated (457 J2), respectively at 45DAI, and significantly increased plant height.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả phòng trị tuyến trùng bướu rễ Meloidogyne incognita trên cây cà chua bằng biện pháp sinh học trong điều kiện nhà lưới. Thí nghiệm được bố trí hoàn toàn ngẫu nhiên 9 nghiệm thức (4 lặp lại): nấm Paecilomyces lilacinus, nấm Plectosphaerella cucumerina, P. lilacinus + P. cucumerina, neem 0,3%, tỏi 10%, neem 0,3% + tỏi 10%, hỗn hợp (P. lilacinus + P. cucumerina + neem 0,3% + tỏi 10%), đối chứng nước, hoạt chất Fluopyram 0,17%. Phòng trừ được lặp lại tại 15 và 30 ngày sau xử lý (NSXL). Số bướu, mật số tuyến trùng trong rễ, đất, chiều cao cây ghi nhận ở 15, 30 và 45 NSXL. Nghiệm thức hỗn hợp làm giảm số lượng bướu so với đối chứng ở 15, 30 và 45 NSXL. P. lilacinus + P. cucumerina và tỏi 10% giảm số lượng bướu còn 458 và 544 so với đối chứng (1513 bướu) ở 45 NSXL. Nghiệm thức hỗn hợp và P. lilacinus + P. cucumerina làm giảm mật số tuyến trùng tuổi 2 trong đất và rễ còn 37 và 55 con so với đối chứng (475 con) ở 45 NSXL, và giúp tăng chiều cao cây.
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