Identification the cause pseudo-powdery mildew disease on Rambutan in Ben Tre province
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Abstract
Our research in 2021-2023 identified the fungus Trichothesium roseum as the causative agent of pseudopowdery mildew disease causing the rot of flowers and falling of young fruit on rambutan in Ben Tre province. On young-rotting fruit, disease symptoms were typically diagnosed by a layer of white filaments (like a layer of chalk on the surface) on fleshy, pliable spines (hair) and leathery skin. The development of Trichothesium roseum resulted in the darkening of skin and falling off young fruit reduced productivity, appearance and quality of rambutan fruits. Trichothesium roseum appeared on ‘Java’ and ‘Rongrien’ rambutan varieties in April-May with a disease rate of 31.3-35.7%, and in June-July with a damage rate of 29.5%. On ’Nhan’ cultivar of rambutan, this fungus caused serious damage in August-September with a disease rate of 33.6%. Based on the field experiment, fungicides containing the active ingredient Sulfur 800 g/kg (Kumulus 80WG) or Propineb (Antracol 70WP) had great in preventing harmful pseudo powdery mildew disease on rambutan flowers or fruits.
Tóm tắt
Kết quả điều tra từ năm 2021 đến năm 2023 về nguyên nhân gây hiện tượng thối hoa và rụng quả non trên cây chôm chôm tại tỉnh Bến Tre đã được xác định. Quả chôm chôm bị bệnh thường xuất hiện lớp sợi tơ trắng (như lớp phấn trên bề mặt), sau đó lan rộng và làm cho râu, vỏ quả bị thâm và rụng quả, ảnh hưởng đến năng suất và tiêu chuẩn xuất khẩu. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã xác định được tác nhân gây bệnh giả phấn trắng trên quả chôm chôm là do nấm Trichothesium roseum gây ra. Bệnh này thường phát sinh và gây hại nặng trên giống chôm chôm Java và Rongrien vào tháng 4 và tháng 5 với tỷ lệ quả bị bệnh 31,3% đến 35,7%, vào tháng 6 và tháng 7 với tỷ lệ bệnh 29,5%. Trên giống chôm chôm nhãn, bệnh phát sinh và gây hại nặng vào tháng 8 và tháng 9 với tỷ lệ bệnh 33,6%. Thuốc trừ bệnh chứa hoạt chất Sulfur 800 g/kg (Kumulus 80WG) hoặc Propineb (Antracol 70WP) có hiệu quả cao trong phòng chống bệnh giả phấn trắng gây hại trên trái chôm chôm.
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