Evaluation of the effectiveness of bacteriophages controlling bacterial wilt disease on tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum Smith
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Abstract
Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum causes significant damage in tomato-growing regions worldwide. In this study, twenty bacteriophages were assessed for their multiplication on a mixture of R. solanacearum. Six phages (ΦOM, ΦR0, ΦR1, ΦCT4, ΦRLV, and ΦBT67) were selected to evaluate their lytic activity against R. solanacearum through plaque formation assays in vitro. The results indicated that these six phages exhibited logarithmic titers ranging from 6.61 to 6.73, which were significantly higher compared to the other phages tested. Plaque diameters of six bacteriophages ranged from 5.88 mm to 7.18 mm at 48 hours-post-inoculation, in which three bacteriophages i.e. ΦBT67 ΦR0 and ΦRLV expressed higher plaque diameters. In greenhouse conditions, evaluation of the effectiveness of single bacteriophage ΦBT67 or mixture of three bacteriophages (ΦBT67 ΦR0 and ΦRLV) application at concentrations of 107 PFU/mL and 108 PFU/mL for preventing bacterial wilt disease in tomato plants. Bacteriophages were applied through soil drenching one hour before pathogen inoculation. Results found that the ΦBT67 treatment and the phage mixture at a concentration of 10⁸ PFU/mL significantly reduced both disease incidence and disease scale compared to the control treatment throughout the study period.
Tóm tắt
Bệnh héo xanh do vi khuẩn Ralstonia solanacearum gây thiệt hại nghiêm trọng ở các vùng trồng cà chua trên toàn thế giới.Trong nghiên cứu này, hai mươi dòng thực khuẩn thể (TKT) đã được đánh giá khả năng nhân mật số trên hỗn hợp vi khuẩn R. solanacearum.Sáu dòng TKT (gồm ΦOM, ΦR0, ΦR1, ΦCT4, ΦRLV và ΦBT67)được chọn để đánh giá khả năng phân giải vi khuẩn R. solanacearum qua sự hình thành đốm tan trên đĩa petri. Kết quả ghi nhận, sáu dòng TKT có log mật số từ 6,61 đến 6,73 cao hơn và khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê so với các dòng TKT còn lại, đường kính đốm tan của các dòng TKT này dao động từ 5,88 mm đến 7,18 mm tại thời điểm 48 giờ sau khi cấy,trong đó ba dòng TKT ΦBT67, ΦR0 và ΦRLV thể hiện đường kính đốm tan cao hơn.Trong điều kiện nhà lưới, khi đánh giá hiệu quả phòng trừ bệnh héo xanh trên cây cà chua bằng cách xử lý đơn lẻ dòng ΦBT67 hay kết hợp ba dòng (ΦBT67, ΦR0 và ΦRLV) ở mật số 107 PFU/mL hoặc 108 PFU/mL,xử lý tưới vào gốc cây một giờ trước khi lây bệnh nhân tạo. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, nghiệm thức ΦBT67 và hỗn hợp TKT ở mật số 108 PFU/mL có tỷ lệ bệnh và trung bình cấp bệnh thấp hơn so với nghiệm thức đối chứng tại các thời điểm khảo sát.
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