Thành phần hóa học và tiềm năng ứng dụng của hai loài tảo nâu Padina boryana và Padina australis trong hỗ trợ điều trị đái tháo đường và ung thư
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Abstract
The study aims to identify the chemical composition and evaluate some biological activities of two brown algae species, Padina boryana and Padina australis. GC–MS (gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) analysis detected 24 compounds in P. boryana and 20 compounds in P. australis. Among them, pentadecane is the main component of P. boryana with a content of 14.52%, while ethyl oleate is predominant in P. australis, accounting for 67.09%. The results of α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition tests showed that the petroleum ether (PE) fraction of P. australis exhibited the strongest activity, with an IC₅₀ of 0.175±0.008 µg/mL. Cytotoxic activity was also examined on two cancer cell lines, HepG2 (liver cancer) and MCF-7 (breast cancer). For P. boryana, the PE fraction had IC₅₀ values of 156.20±7.94 µg/mL on HepG2 and 163.56±5.03 µg/mL on MCF-7. The PE fraction of P. australis demonstrated a stronger effect, with IC₅₀ values of 111.02±5.54 and 60.73±1.54 µg/mL, respectively. The initial data provided serve as a basis for isolating and further studying bioactive compounds from these two species of algae.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu nhằm xác định thành phần hóa học và đánh giá một số hoạt tính sinh học của hai loài tảo nâu Padina boryana (P. boryana) và Padina australis (P. australis). Phân tích GC–MS (gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) ghi nhận 24 hợp chất ở P. boryana và 20 hợp chất ở P. australis. Trong đó, pentadecane là thành phần chính của P. boryana với hàm lượng 14,52%, còn ethyl oleate chiếm ưu thế ở P. australis, đạt 67,09%. Kết quả thử nghiệm ức chế enzyme α-glucosidase cho thấy phân đoạn petroleum ether (PE) của P. australis có hoạt tính mạnh nhất, với IC₅₀ đạt 0,175±0,008 µg/mL. Hoạt tính gây độc tế bào cũng được khảo sát trên hai dòng ung thư gan HepG2 và ung thư vú MCF-7. Đối với P. boryana, phân đoạn PE có IC₅₀ lần lượt là 156,20±7,94 µg/mL trên HepG2 và 163,56±5,03 µg/mL trên MCF-7. Phân đoạn PE của P. australis thể hiện tác dụng mạnh hơn, với IC₅₀ tương ứng là 111,02±5,54 và 60,73±1,54 µg/mL. Kết quả cung cấp dữ liệu ban đầu, làm cơ sở cho việc phân lập và nghiên cứu sâu hơn các hợp chất có hoạt tính sinh học từ hai loài tảo này.
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