Khảo sát hoạt tính kháng khuẩn và ảnh hưởng lên vi khuẩn có lợi trong đường tiêu hóa của cao chiết lá sa kê (Artocarpus altilis (Park) Forb.)
,
,
,
,
,
,
và
Article Sidebar
Full Text: 
PDF
Abstract
Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis, Moraceae) has been reported to possess antibacterial properties and protective effects on the gastrointestinal mucosa. This study aimed to evaluate phytochemical composition, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial activity against gastrointestinal pathogens of 96% ethanol and aqueous extracts from yellow fallen breadfruit leaves. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, phenols, tannins, triterpenoids, and free sugars in both extracts. Neither extract exhibited significant cytotoxicity, maintaining L929 cell viability above 85% after 48 hours (MTT assay). Using the agar disk diffusion method, the ethanol extract showed moderate activity against Helicobacter pylori (inhibition zones ranged 20.1 – 27.3 mm), whereas the aqueous extract was inactive at the tested concentrations. Both extracts showed no inhibitory effects against Salmonella typhimurium and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and did not affect beneficial bacteria (Bacillus clausii and Lactobacillus acidophilus). However, the MIC of the ethanol extract was 50 mg/mL for H. pylori and V. parahaemolyticus, and 100 mg/mL for S. typhimurium. These findings suggest potential for supporting H. pylori management and showed no detectable cytotoxicity under the experimental conditions.
Tóm tắt
Sa kê (Artocarpus altilis, Moraceae) được ghi nhận có tiềm năng kháng khuẩn và bảo vệ niêm mạc tiêu hóa. Nghiên cứu này nhằm khảo sát thành phần hóa học, độc tính tế bào và hoạt tính kháng khuẩn trên đường tiêu hóa của cao chiết ethanol 96% và cao nước từ lá vàng sa kê đã rụng. Kết quả cho thấy cả hai cao chiết đều chứa các nhóm hợp chất khảo sát. Các cao chiết không ghi nhận độc tính trên tế bào L929 (tỉ lệ sống trên 85% sau 48 giờ). Cao ethanol có khả năng ức chế Helicobacter pylori (vòng kháng khuẩn đạt 20,1 - 27,3 mm), trong khi cao nước không có tác dụng. Không quan sát thấy vòng vô khuẩn đối với vi khuẩn Salmonella typhimurium và Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Đồng thời, các cao chiết không ảnh hưởng đến Bacillus clausii và Lactobacillus acidophilus. Giá trị MIC ghi nhận ở cao ethanol là 50 mg/mL ở H. pylori và V. parahaemolyticus, 100 mg/mL ở S. typhimurium. Kết quả bước đầu cho thấy tiềm năng hỗ trợ kiểm soát H. pylori và không ghi nhận độc tế bào của cao chiết ethanol lá sa kê.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Al-Garadi, M.A., Almashhadany, D.A., Aziz, R.N., Al-Qabili, D.M.A., Alhumaidan, O.S., Alnuwaysir, H., Ali, A.M., Sayed, E., & Alabsi, A.M. (2025). The role of sea fish meat in the transmission of Vibrio parahaemolyticus to humans: An in-depth analysis of seasonal and species-specific variations, Veterinary World, 18(2), 348–354.
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2025.348-354
Arriffin, N.M., Jamil, S., Basar, N. (2015). Antioxidant activities of extracts from the leaves and stem bark of Artocarpus scortechinii King. Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences & Engineering), 77(2), 1-5.
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v77.5977
Bộ Y tế. (2017). Dược điển Việt Nam V (Tập 2). Nhà xuất bản Y học, Hà Nội. https://duocdienvietnam.com/
Burci, L. M., da Silva, C. B., Rondon, J. N., da Silva, L. M., de Andrade, S. F., Miguel, O. G., de Fátima Gaspari Dias, J. & Miguel, M. D. (2019). Acute and subacute (28 days) toxicity, hemolytic and cytotoxic effect of Artocarpus heterophyllus seed extracts. Toxicology Reports, 6, 1304-1308.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.02.006
Chen, D., Wang, W., Chen, X., Liang, N., Li, J., Ding, W., Zhang, H., Yang, Z., Zhao, H. & Liu, Z. (2025). Plant-derived extracts or compounds for Helicobacter-associated gastritis: a systematic review of their anti-Helicobacter activity and anti-inflammatory effect in animal experiments. Chinese Medicine, 20(1), 53.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13020-025-01093-2
Duyên, N. T. K., Yên, N. T. H., Trang, N. T. T., Việt, N. L., & Hạnh, N. Đ. (2020). Khảo sát thành phần hóa thực vật và độc tính cấp của cao chiết lá sa kê (Artocarpus altilis Moraceae). Journal of Science and Technology, 3(3), 5-5. https://doi.org/10.55401/84tajx80
Eloff, J. N. (2019). Avoiding pitfalls in determining antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and publishing the results. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 19(1), 106.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-019-2519-3
Ergül, M., Ergül, M., Eruygur, N., Ataş, M., & Ucar, E. (2019). In vitro evaluation of the chemical composition and various biological activities of Ficus carica leaf extracts. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 16(4), 401.
https://doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2018.70037
Fitrya, F., Amriani, A., Novita, R. P., Salsabila, A., Siregar, S. M., & Anafisya, Y. (2022). Evaluation of ethanol extracts from three species of Artocarpus as natural gastroprotective agents: in vivo and histopathological studies. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 19(4), 967-974.
https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2022-0105
Gao, H., Li, X., Chen, X., Hai, D., Wei, C., Zhang, L., & Li, P. (2022). The functional roles of Lactobacillus acidophilus in different physiological and pathological processes. Journal of microbiology and biotechnology, 32(10), 1226.
https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2205.05041
González, A., Casado, J., & Lanas, Á. (2021). Fighting the antibiotic crisis: Flavonoids as promising antibacterial drugs against Helicobacter pylori infection. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 11, 709749.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.709749
Ha, S. T. T., & Vo, M. T. B. (2016). Effect of benzyl adenine on the in vitro culture of young female flowers of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg). Science and Technology Development Journal, 19(3), 32-42.
https://doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v19i3.465
Hồng, N. T. Á., Tươi, Đ. T. H., & Vân Anh, T. T. (2018). Nghiên cứu thành phần hóa học hướng tác dụng ức chế-Glucosidase của lá sa kê Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg, Moraceae. Y học Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Tập, 22, 499-505.
Husori, D. I. (2024). Kajian Mekanisme Efek Gastroprotektif Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sukun (Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg) pada Tukak Lambung Tikus yang Diinduksi dengan Pyloric Ligation dan Mucosal Damage (Doctoral dissertation). Universitas Sumatera Utara.
International Organization for Standardization (2009). ISO 10993-5:2009-Biological evaluation of medical devices-Part 5: Tests for in vitro cytotoxicity. Geneva, Switzerland: ISO. https://www.iso.org/standard/36406.html
Klančnik, A., Piskernik, S., Jeršek, B., & Možina, S. S. (2010). Evaluation of diffusion and dilution methods to determine the antibacterial activity of plant extracts. Journal of microbiological methods, 81(2), 121-126.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2010.02.004
Kudera, T., Fiserova, B., Korytakova, M., Doskocil, I., Salmonova, H., Tulin, E. E., Nguon, S., Bande M. M. & Kokoska, L. (2021). In vitro selective antibacterial and antiproliferative effects of ethanolic extracts from Cambodian and Philippine plants used in folk medicine for diarrhea treatment. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12, 746808.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.746808
Kuo, C. H., Weng, B. C., Wu, C. C., Yang, S. F., Wu, D. C., and Wang, Y. C. (2014). Apigenin has anti-atrophic gastritis and anti-gastric cancer progression effects in Helicobacter pylori-infected Mongolian gerbils. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 151(3), 1031–1039.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.040
Liang, Z., Xu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Song, J., Qian, H., & Jin, J. (2023). Anticancer applications of phytochemicals in gastric cancer: Effects and molecular mechanism. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 13, 1078090.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.1078090
Mazziotta, C., Tognon, M., Martini, F., Torreggiani, E., & Rotondo, J. C. (2023). Probiotics mechanism of action on immune cells and beneficial effects on human health. Cells, 12(1), 184.
https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12010184
Nguyen, M. T. N., Phan, N. H. T., Lam, H. M., & Tran, H. B. L. (2022). In vitro antithrombogenicity and endothelialization evaluation of heparin immobilized bovine pericardial scaffold. VNUHCM Journal of Natural Sciences, 6(3), 2251-2259. https://doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v6i3.1159
Nhung, T. T. H. (2020). Nghiên cứu các tổn thương đường tiêu hóa trên và tỷ lệ nhiễm Helicobacter pylori ở bệnh nhân đến nội soi tại bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y dược Cần Thơ năm 2019. Tạp chí Y Dược học - Trường Đại học Y Dược Huế, 10(1), 72-77.
Palombo, E. A. (2006). Phytochemicals from Traditional Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Diarrhoea: Modes of Action and Effects on Intestinal Function. Phytother Res, 20(9), 717–724.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1907
Pastene, E., Speisky, H., García, A., Moreno, J., Troncoso, M., & Figueroa, G. (2010). In vitro and in vivo effects of apple peel polyphenols against Helicobacter pylori. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 58(12), 7172-7179.
https://doi.org/10.1021/jf100274g
Perez-Sepulveda, B. M., & Hinton, J. C. (2025). Microbe Profile: Salmonella Typhimurium: the master of the Sepulveda art of adaptation. Microbiology, 171(1), 001521.
https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.001521
Quach, D. T., Mai, B. H., Tran, M. K., Dao, L. V., Tran, H. V., Vu, K. T., ... & Ta, L. (2023). Vietnam Association of Gastroenterology (VNAGE) consensus on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. Frontiers in Medicine, 9, 1065045.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1065045
Requena, T., Monagas, M., Pozo-Bayón, M. A., Martín-Álvarez, P. J., Bartolomé, B., Del Campo, R., Ávila, M., Martínez-Cuesta, M. C., Peláez, C. & Moreno-Arribas, M. V. (2010). Perspectives of the potential implications of wine polyphenols on human oral and gut microbiota. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 21(7), 332-344.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2010.04.004
Romano, K. P., & Hung, D. T. (2023). Targeting LPS biosynthesis and transport in gram-negative bacteria in the era of multi-drug resistance. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Cell Research, 1870(3), 119407.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119407
Ruangpan, L., & Tendencia, E. A. (2004). Laboratory manual of standardized methods for antimicrobial sensitivity tests for bacteria isolated from aquatic animals and environment (p. 13). Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines: Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Aquaculture Department.
Sadrimovahed, M., & Ulusoy, B. H. (2024). Bacillus clausii: A Review into Story of Its Probiotic Success and Potential Food Applications. Fermentation, 10(10), 522. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10100522
Sibanda, T., & Okoh, A. I. (2007). The Challenges of Overcoming Antibiotic Resistance: Plant Extracts as Potential Sources of Antimicrobial and Resistance Modifying Agents. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6(25), 2886–2896
Tandoro, Y., Chen, B. K., Ali, A., & Wang, C. K. (2023). Review of phytochemical potency as a natural anti-Helicobacter pylori and neuroprotective agent. Molecules, 28(20), 7150.
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28207150
Ugboko, H. U., Nwinyi, O. C., Oranusi, S. U., Fatoki, T. H., & Omonhinmin, C. A. (2020). Antimicrobial importance of medicinal plants in Nigeria. The Scientific World Journal, 2020(1), 7059323.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7059323
Wang, Q., Yao, C., Li, Y., Luo, L., Xie, F., Xiong, Q., & Feng, P. (2023). Effect of polyphenol compounds on Helicobacter pylori eradication: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMJ open, 13(1), e062932.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062932
World Health Organization. (2022). WHO international standard terminologies on traditional Chinese medicine. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240042322
Yadav, S., & Pandey, A. (2024). Anti-Helicobacter pylori Activity of Phytochemicals from Artocarpus spp.: In Silico Analysis. Chemistry Proceedings, 16(1), 17.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-28-20200
Yamasaki, S., Nagasawa, S., Fukushima, A., Hayashi-Nishino, M., & Nishino, K. (2013). Cooperation of the multidrug efflux pump and lipopolysaccharides in the intrinsic antibiotic resistance of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 68(5), 1066-1070.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dks528
Yu, Z., Sheng, W. D., Yin, X., & Bin, Y. (2022). Coptis, Pinellia, and Scutellaria as a promising new drug combination for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. World Journal of Clinical Cases, 10(34), 12500.
https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i34.12500
Zhang, S., Huang, J., Xie, X., He, Y., Mo, F., and Luo, Z. (2017). Quercetin from polygonum capitatum protects against gastric inflammation and apoptosis associated with Helicobacter pylori infection by affecting the levels of p38MAPK, BCL-2 and BAX. Molecules, 22(5), 744.
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22050744