Tổng hợp xanh Zr-MOF-NH2 định hướng ứng dụng phân phối thuốc trừ sâu ổn định cho phòng trừ rầy nâu trên lúa
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Abstract
This study develops an amine-functionalized zirconium metal–organic framework Zr-MOF-NH2 synthesized via a green process in water at room temperature, eliminating toxic solvents and hydrothermal conditions. The material shows high crystallinity, thermal stability, and a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of ~ 945 m²/g with hierarchical porosity (micropores and mesopores). Thiamethoxam was used as a model pollutant, and a maximum adsorption capacity of approximately 103 mg/g was achieved at 30°C in aqueous medium with a contact time of 150 minutes. Kinetic analysis indicates a multi-step mechanism dominated by intra-particle diffusion, while equilibrium fits the Freundlich model (R² = 0,993), suggesting multilayer adsorption on a heterogeneous surface. The main interaction is hydrogen bonding between –NH2 groups and nitro groups. With eco-friendly synthesis and high water stability, Zr-MOF-NH2 is promising for sustainable pesticide management and reducing environmental pollution in rice cultivation.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm phát triển vật liệu khung cơ–kim Zr-MOF-NH2 thông qua quy trình tổng hợp xanh trong môi trường nước ở nhiệt độ phòng, loại bỏ dung môi độc hại và tiết kiệm năng lượng. Vật liệu thu được có độ kết tinh cao, bền nhiệt, diện tích bề mặt Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) đạt 945 m2/g với cấu trúc xốp phân cấp (micropore và mesopore). Thiamethoxam là loại thuốc kiểm soát rầy nâu phổ biến, được sử dụng làm chất hấp phụ để đánh giá hiệu suất. Kết quả cho thấy dung lượng hấp phụ cực đại đạt khoảng 103 mg/g ở 30°C, trong dung môi nước với thời gian tiếp xúc là 150 phút. Quá trình hấp phụ tuân theo mô hình động học khuếch tán qua cấu trúc lỗ xốp và cân bằng Freundlich (R2 = 0,993), phản ánh sự hấp phụ đa lớp trên bề mặt dị thể. Tương tác chủ đạo được xác định là liên kết hydrogen giữa nhóm –NH2 của khung MOF và nhóm -NO2 của phân tử thuốc. Kết quả cho thấy Zr-MOF-NH2 là vật liệu tiềm năng hướng tới canh tác lúa bền vững, giảm thiểu ô nhiễm môi trường thứ cấp.
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