Phân lập và tuyển chọn một số dòng vi khuẩn có khả năng hòa tan lân từ đất canh tác nhãn tại tỉnh Vĩnh Long
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Abstract
Phosphorus is a major nutrient essential for plant growth; however, its availability in soil is often limited as it primarily exists in insoluble forms. The study aims to isolate and select bacterial strains capable of solubilizing phosphorus from soil in long-term longan cultivation areas in Vinh Long. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were isolated using NBRIP agar. The study successfully isolated 34 bacterial strains with diverse colony and cell morphologies that exhibited phosphorus-solubilizing ability. Notably, strains VL2.3 and VL13.3 demonstrated the highest phosphorus solubilization levels, reaching 1603 mg/L and 1269 mg/L after seven days, respectively. These strains also exhibited the highest phytase enzyme production, with activities of 2.94 and 2.42 µmol/min after five days, and maintained relatively stable functions over the study period. In conclusion, the VL2.3 and VL13.3 strains, isolated from longan cultivation soil in Vinh Long, have the potential to facilitate unavailable phosphorus transformation and release from soil, thereby increasing the availability of phosphorus for crops.
Tóm tắt
Lân (Phosphate) là một nguyên tố dinh dưỡng đa lượng quan trọng đối với cây trồng, tuy nhiên tính hữu dụng của lân thường giới hạn do phần lớn lân trong đất tồn tại ở dạng không hòa tan. Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm phân lập và tuyển chọn các dòng vi khuẩn có khả năng hòa tan lân từ đất trồng nhãn lâu năm tại Vĩnh Long. Vi khuẩn hòa tan lân được phân lập bằng môi trường NBRIP agar. Kết quả nghiên cứu phân lập được 34 dòng vi khuẩn với hình thái khuẩn lạc và tế bào rất đa dạng có khả năng hòa tan lân. Đặc biệt, dòng VL2.3 và VL13.3 hòa tan lân đạt 1603 mg/L và 1269 mg/L sau 7 ngày, tổng hợp enzyme phytase cao nhất với 2,94 và 2,42 µmol/phút sau 5 ngày và duy trì tương đối ổn định chức năng theo thời gian khảo sát. Tóm lại, hai dòng vi khuẩn VL2.3 và VL13.3 phân lập từ đất trồng nhãn ở Vĩnh Long hỗ trợ chuyển hóa và phóng thích lân khó tan trong đất giúp tăng lượng lân hữu dụng cung cấp cho cây trồng.
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