Hoạt tính kháng oxy hoá, kháng ung thư, kháng viêm và ức chế enzyme α-glucosidase của cao chiết methanol từ lá dẻ anh (Castanopsis piriformis (Hickel & A.Camus)) thu tại Lâm Đồng
Abstract
Castanopsis piriformis (Hickel & A. Camus) is recorded in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. Its distribution in Vietnam is mainly concentrated in the Central Highlands and some southern provinces. This study is the first to investigate the chemical composition and biological activity of the methanol extract from Castanopsis piriformis leaves. Qualitative analysis revealed that the methanol extract of the leaves contains flavonoids, anthraglycosides, glycosides, reducing sugars, tannins, sesquiterpene lactones, coumarins, and terpenoid-steroids. Regarding biological activity, the extract exhibited moderate antioxidant activity (EC50 = 78,22 ± 7,50 µg/mL), anticancer activity against four cell lines (KB, HepG2, A549, and MCF-7) with IC50 values ranging from 32,86 ± 1,83 to 46,17 ± 1,94 µg/mL, and significant anti-inflammatory activity (IC50 = 52,65 ± 4,17 µg/mL). Notably, the extract strongly inhibited the α-glucosidase enzyme (IC50 = 0,57 ± 0,01 µg/mL), surpassing the positive control, acarbose (IC50 = 198,50 ± 6,25 µg/mL) (demonstrating potential for use in diabetes treatment.). This study highlights Castanopsis piriformis leaves' medicinal and food application potential due to their antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties.
Tóm tắt
Dẻ anh (Castanopsis piriformis (Hickel & A.Camus)) được tìm thấy tại Việt Nam, Lào và Campuchia, với phân bố ở Việt Nam chủ yếu tại khu vực Tây Nguyên và một số tỉnh miền Nam. Trong nghiên cứu này, lần đầu thành phần hóa học và hoạt tính sinh học của cao chiết methanol lá dẻ anh phân bố tại Việt Nam được khảo sát. Kết quả định tính cho thấy cao chiết methanol từ lá chứa flavonoid, antraglycoside, glycoside, đường khử, tannin, sesquiterpen lacton, coumarin và terpenoid-steroid. Về hoạt tính sinh học, cao chiết thể hiện khả năng kháng oxy hóa vừa phải (EC50 = 78,22 ± 7,50 µg/mL), kháng ung thư trên bốn dòng tế bào (KB, HepG2, A549, MCF-7) với IC50 từ 32.86 ± 1,83 đến 46,17 ± 1,94 µg/mL, và kháng viêm tốt (IC50 = 52,65 ± 4,17 µg/mL). Đặc biệt, cao chiết ức chế mạnh enzyme α-glucosidase (IC50 = 0,57 ± 0,01 µg/mL), vượt trội so với đối chứng dương acarbose (IC50 = 198,50 ± 6,25 µg/mL), điều này cho thấy tiềm năng ứng dụng trong hỗ trợ điều trị tiểu đường. Kết quả nghiên cứu này giúp chứng minh tiềm năng của lá dẻ anh trong y học và thực phẩm nhờ các hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa, kháng ung thư, kháng viêm và ức chế enzyme α-glucosidase.
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