Đặc điểm hoá lý của vật liệu chitosan, biochar và vật liệu tổ hợp chitosan - biochar và ứng dụng trong xử lý Metyl Orange trong dung dịch
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Abstract
This study compares the surface properties and chemical composition of three materials: chitosan from shrimp shells, biochar from rice husks, and chitosan-biochar composite material, in order to evaluate their physicochemical properties. The analytical methods used include SEM to observe surface structure, EDX to determine chemical composition, BET to measure surface area, and FT-IR to identify functional groups. The results show that the BET surface area of chitosan-biochar (108.0 m²/g) is lower than that of biochar (115.6 m²/g) but higher than that of chitosan (9.86 m²/g). All materials have a porous surface with an average pore radius ranging from 2.26 nm to 2.34 nm. EDX spectra show that chitosan mainly contains C and O, while chitosan-biochar also contains Si and N. FT-IR confirms the presence of C–N and N–H functional groups in chitosan-biochar, while biochar contains additional C=C, C–O–C, and Si–O–Si groups. SEM indicates that chitosan and chitosan-biochar have an amorphous surface, while biochar has a porous structure. The chitosan-biochar material effectively adsorbs Methyl Orange (MO) from solution, with optimal adsorption conditions at pH ~3, 0.2 g material, and 240 minutes.
Tóm tắt
Đặc tính bề mặt và thành phần hóa học của ba loại vật liệu được so sánh trong nghiên cứu bao gồm: chitosan từ vỏ tôm, biochar từ vỏ trấu và vật liệu tổng hợp chitosan-biochar nhằm đánh giá các đặc tính lý hóa của chúng. Các phương pháp phân tích bao gồm SEM để quan sát cấu trúc bề mặt, EDX để xác định thành phần hóa học, BET để đo diện tích bề mặt và FT-IR để xác định các nhóm chức hóa học. Kết quả cho thấy diện tích bề mặt BET của chitosan-biochar (108,0 m²/g) thấp hơn biochar (115,6 m²/g) nhưng cao hơn chitosan (9,86 m²/g). Tất cả các vật liệu đều có bề mặt xốp với bán kính lỗ rỗng trung bình từ 2,26 nm đến 2,34 nm. Phổ EDX cho thấy chitosan chủ yếu chứa C và O, trong khi chitosan-biochar còn có Si và N. FT-IR xác nhận sự hiện diện của nhóm chức C–N và N–H ở chitosan-biochar, trong khi biochar có thêm nhóm C=C, C–O–C, Si–O–Si. SEM chỉ ra chitosan và chitosan-biochar có bề mặt vô định hình, trong khi biochar có cấu trúc lỗ xốp. Thí nghiệm hấp phụ Methyl Orange cho thấy chitosan-biochar hiệu quả hơn trong loại bỏ MO ở pH ~3, khối lượng
0,2 g và thời gian 240 phút.
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