Khảo sát thành phần ký sinh trùng trên cua biển (Scylla paramamosain) nuôi quảng canh ở tỉnh Cà Mau
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Abstract
The study was conducted to explore parasitic pathogens on extensively farmed mud crabs in Ca Mau province. Results showed that there were 7 genera of parasites infected in the gills, blood, hepatopancreas, and body cavities of crabs: Acineta, Epistylis, Hematodinium, Octolasmic, Peniculida, Nematoda, and Portunion. Parasite genera had a Shannon diversity index of 0.8. The portunion genus infected the body cavities of mud crabs, causing muscle necrosis and changing the crab's secondary sexual characteristics. The results showed that, out of 83 crab samples, 82 were infected with parasites. The prevalence of Portunion was highest in crab's gills (86.7%). The majority of Portunion larvae and eggs in the hepatopancreas reached 100% in the Dam Doi district. The adult Portunion infection rate is 27.7%. However, the intensity of adult Portunion infection in farmed crab in the Nam Can district (5.7 larvae/crab) is higher than in other locations. The infection intensity of eggs and larvae of Portunion is also high, 33.8 and 24.1 eggs/lame, respectively. Hematodinium genus has the highest infection intensity (86.5 infections/lame).
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu được tiến hành nhằm tìm hiểu mầm bệnh ký sinh trùng trên cua biển nuôi quảng canh ở tỉnh Cà Mau. Kết quả đã xác định được 7 giống ký sinh trùng trong mang, máu, gan tụy và khoang cơ thể cua biển: Acineta, Epistylis, Hematodinium, Octolasmic, trùng lông Peniculida, giun tròn Nematoda và Portunion. Các giống ký sinh trùng có chỉ số đa dạng Shannon: 0,8. Giống Portunion ký sinh trong khoang cơ thể của cua biển làm cho cơ bị tiêu biến và làm thay đổi đặc điểm sinh dục thứ cấp. Kết quả kiểm tra 83 mẫu có 82 mẫu bị nhiễm ký sinh trùng. Ấu trùng Portunion có tỷ lệ nhiễm cao nhất (86,7%) trên mang cua biển. Tỷ lệ nhiễm trứng và ấu trùng Portunion trong gan tụy đạt 100% ở cua biển tại huyện Đầm Dơi. Tỷ lệ nhiễm Portunion trưởng thành là 27,7%, tuy nhiên, cường độ nhiễm Portunion trưởng thành ở huyện Năm Căn (5,7 trùng/cua) cao hơn so với nơi khác. Cường độ nhiễm trứng và ấu trùng của Portunion cũng ở mức cao, lần lượt là 33,8 và 24,1 trùng/lame. Giống Hematodinium có cường độ nhiễm cao nhất (86,5 trùng/lame).
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