Ảnh hưởng của độ kiềm lên tăng trưởng và tỷ lệ sống của tôm sú (Penaeus monodon) giai đoạn ương giống bằng công nghệ biofloc
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Abstract
This research aims to find suitable alkalinity for the growth and survival rate of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) postlarvae by applying biofloc technology. The experiment was carried out including four alkalinity treatments: 80, 120, 160 and 200 mgCaCO3/L. Shrimp with a weight of 0.01 g/shrimp were placed in composite tanks with a volume of 250 L, salinity of 15‰, shrimp density of 2,000 shrimp/m3, and molasses were used to create biofloc with the ratio of C:N = 10:1. After 28 days of the rearing period, the environmental factors were in the suitable ranges for shrimp growth. The biofloc volume ranged from 2.89 to 3.12 mL/L, the highest volume was in the treatment of 160 mgCaCO3/L (3.12±0,09 mL/L), and the difference was not statistically significant (p>0,05) among the treatments. At the end of the experiment, shrimp in the treatment of 120 mgCaCO3/L had growth (4.03±0.01 cm/shrimp, 0.44±0.017 g/shrimp), survival rate (90.2±2.12%), and productivity (1,803±43 shrimp/m3) were the highest, significantly different from the other treatments (p<0.05). Thus, rearing black tiger shrimp using biofloc technology at an alkalinity of 120 mgCaCO3/L is best compared to the remaining treatments.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu nhằm xác định độ kiềm thích hợp lên tăng trưởng và tỷ lệ sống của tôm sú (Penaeus monodon) giống ương theo công nghệ biofloc, thí nghiệm gồm 4 nghiệm thức độ kiềm: 80, 120, 160 và 200 mgCaCO3/L. Tôm giống có khối lượng 0,01 g/con được bố trí vào bể composite có thể tích 250 L, độ mặn 15‰, mật độ ương 2.000 con/m3 và rỉ đường được sử dụng để tạo biofloc với tỷ lệ C:N = 10:1. Sau 28 ngày ương, các yếu tố môi trường đều nằm trong phạm vi thích hợp cho tôm sinh trưởng và phát triển tốt. Thể tích biofloc dao động từ 2,89 đến 3,12 mL/L, cao nhất ở nghiệm thức 160 mgCaCO3/L (3,12±0,09 mL/L) và khác biệt không có ý nghĩa thống kê (p>0,05) giữa các nghiệm thức. Khi kết thúc thí nghiệm, tôm ở nghiệm thức 120 mgCaCO3/L có tăng trưởng (4,03±0,01 cm/con, 0,44±0,017 g/con), tỷ lệ sống (90,2±2,12%) và sinh khối (1.803±43 con/m3) cao nhất, khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê (p<0,05) so với các nghiệm thức còn lại. Như vậy, ương giống tôm sú theo công nghệ biofloc ở độ kiềm 120 mgCaCO3/L là tốt nhất so với các nghiệm thức còn lại.
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