Ảnh hưởng của liều lượng phân trùn quế và phân hóa học đến việc cải thiện nguồn dinh dưỡng hữu dụng trong đất, sinh trưởng, năng suất và chất lượng trái đậu cove lùn dạng bụi (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
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Abstract
To determine the dosage of vermicompost and chemical fertilizers on the changes of soil bio-chemical properties, yield, and quality of fruit cove bean Rado 11. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, two-factor, three repetitions, eight fertilizer formula. Factor A is two levels of inorganic fertilizers (1) 100% NPK (144N-126P2O5-100K2O) and (2) 50% NPK (72N-63P2O5-50K2O). Factor B is the four levels of vermicomposting (0, 10, 20, and 30 tons/ha). The results indicated that the content of useful nutrients (N, P) and the number of bacteria in the soil increased with the dose of chemical fertilizers and vermicompost. Addition of 30 tons/ha of vermicompost improved soil pH, available N, P, and total soil bacteria compared with the control (without vermicompost). In this study, we investigated the effect of dose vermicompost and chemical fertilizer application on fruit cove bean growth, yield, and quality. The results show that the number of branches/plants, height plant, number of fruits, fruit yield and % brix highest at dose 30 tons of vermicompost and 100% chemical fertilizers, the lowes at treatment without vermicompost và 50% chemical fertilizers. Correlation analysis results showed that there was a positive correlation between the dosage of vermicompost and chemical fertilizers to the increase in soil pH, available P, total soil bacteria, growth, yield composition and yield of fruit cove beans.
Tóm tắt
Nhằm xác định liều lượng phân trùn quế và phân hóa học đến sự thay đổi đặc tính hóa học-sinh học đất, năng suất và chất lượng trái đậu cove lùn Rado 11. Thí nghiệm được bố trí theo thể thức hoàn toàn ngẫu nhiên, hai nhân tố, 8 tổ hợp phân bón, ba lặp lại. Nhân tố A là hai mức độ phân hóa học (1) 100% NPK (144N-126P2O5-100K2O) và (2) 50% NPK (72N-63P2O5-50K2O). Nhân tố B là bốn mức độ bón phân trùn quế (0, 10, 20 và 30 tấn/ha). Kết quả cho thấy đạm hữu dụng, lân hữu dụng và tổng vi khuẩn trong đất gia tăng theo liều lượng phân hóa học và phân trùn quế. Bón 30 tấn/ha phân trùn quế giúp gia tăng pH đất, dinh dưỡng hữu dụng (N và P) và tổng vi khuẩn trong đất so với đối chứng (không bón phân trùn quế). Kết quả theo dõi ảnh hưởng của liều lượng phân trùn quế và phân hóa học đến sinh trưởng, năng suất và chất lượng đậu cove đã ghi nhận được số cành, chiều cao cây, số trái, năng suất trái và độ brix đạt cao nhất ở mức bón 30 tấn phân trùn quế và 100% phân hóa học, thấp nhất ở mức bón 50% NPK và không bón phân trùn quế. Có mối tương quan thuận giữa liều lượng phân trùn quế và phân hóa học đến gia tăng pH đất, P hữu dụng,...
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