Công nghệ xử lý nước thải chi phí thấp góp phần phát triển bền vững nguồn nước vùng Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long
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Abstract
Recycling treated wastewater offers a potential solution to reduce water demand stresses. Due to high potential health risks and environmental impacts, related research on wastewater recycling has been focused on technical issues to improve the treated water quality for appropriate applications. Although advanced treatment technologies can remove contaminants to meet criteria and guidelines, high capital and operational costs and side-effective concerns about byproducts have still existed. Soil-based biological processes potentially provide cost-effective and sustainable treatment strategies for water recycling and management. However, they have not yet been recognized to approach to what extent that treated effluents are suitable to supplement the existing water sources in different using sectors. In this review, low-cost treatment methods by using soil-base filtration columns to stimulate increasing microbial activities were critically analyzed and discussed based on the results of previous studies.
Tóm tắt
Tái chế nước thải là giải pháp tiềm năng để làm dịu căng thẳng nhu cầu nước. Do tiềm ẩn những rủi ro sức khỏe và tác động môi trường, các nghiên cứu tái chế nước thải đã tập trung vào vấn đề kỹ thuật để cải thiện chất lượng nước sau xử lý cho phù hợp với mục đích sử dụng. Mặc dù các công nghệ tiên tiến có thể xử lý nước thải đạt tiêu chuẩn và phù hợp mục đích tái sử dụng nhưng vẫn còn tồn tại về chi phí đầu tư và vận hành cao và phát sinh các sản phẩm phụ. Các quy trình sinh học có chi phí xử lý thấp và bền vững cho xử lý và quản lý nguồn nước. Tuy nhiên, phương pháp này vẫn chưa được nhìn nhận theo hướng tiếp cận về mức độ xử lý nước thải phù hợp để tái sử dụng. Trong tổng quan này, các phương pháp xử lý chi phí thấp sử dụng các cột lọc cát, đất để kích thích các hoạt động của vi sinh vật được phân tích và thảo luận dựa trên các kết quả nghiên cứu trước đó.
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