Cryobank: Giải pháp khôi phục nhanh đàn vật nuôi sau dịch bệnh
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Abstract
Cryobank or cryoconservation of animal genetic resources is the collection and deep-freezing of mamalian cells. One of the important steps in the cryobank process is that the cell is isolated from animals that have been screened for free of pathogens before kept at -196°C. Cryobank is considered one of the important solutions in the recovery of livestock herds after the epidemic, which is the rapid supply of breedings negative for pathogens. Vietnam's livestock production is currently facing epidemics in livestock and poultry. Consequently, there is an urgent demand for high-yield, disease-free breedings. Cryobank along with techniques of reproductive biotechnology has been used for a very long period and frequently in industrialized countries to mass create disease-free animal breeds with valuable genetic resources and speedy responses to the market. This overview will analyze the difficulties faced by Vietnam's livestock business due to epidemics, introduce methods used globally by cryobank and reproductive biotechnologies to provide disease-free breedings, and provide comprehensive details on cryobanks for animal semen.
Tóm tắt
Cryobank hay cryoconservation of animal genetic resource là ngân hàng lưu trữ tế bào động vật trong điều kiện đông lạnh. Một trong những bước quan trọng trong quy trình của cryobank là nguồn tế bào được thu nhận từ vật nuôi đã được sàng lọc các mầm bệnh trước lưu trữ ở nhiệt độ -196°C. Chăn nuôi Việt Nam hiện đang đối mặt với các dịch bệnh trên đàn gia súc gia cầm nên nhu cầu về con giống sạch bệnh, có năng suất cao trở nên rất cấp thiết. Cryobank cùng với kỹ thuật công nghệ sinh học sinh sản sản xuất hàng loạt con giống sạch bệnh, đáp ứng nhanh cho thị trường đã được áp dụng rộng rãi ở các nước phát triển. Bài viết tập trung phân tích những thách thức từ dịch bệnh của ngành chăn nuôi, tổng hợp những phương pháp sản xuất con giống sạch bệnh từ cryobank và công nghệ sinh học sinh sản trên thế giới và cung cấp những quy trình cơ bản trong đông lạnh tinh trùng động vật nuôi.
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