SỰ PHÂN HỦY VÀ CUNG CẤP DƯỠNG CHẤT CỦA LÁ ĐƯỚC (RHIZOPHORA APICULATA)
Article Sidebar
Full Text: 
PDF
Abstract
Tóm tắt
Abstract
Mangrove litter represents a major source of nutrients and organic matter to coastal aquatic systems. However, the dynamics of release of these substances from decomposing leaves has been studied little at all. Here we analyzed the release of organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus from decomposing Rhizophora apiculata leaves in the field and under laboratory conditions. Both in the field and the laboratory the decomposition rate reached a maximum after 30 days of incubation. The decomposition rate and the release of organic matter were higher at low salinity (5 ppt) than in freshwater (0 ppt) or at high salinities (15, 25 and 35 ppt).
There was no significant difference between the dry and wet season with respect to the release of organic matter, phosphorus or nitrogen in the field, although phosphorus and nitrogen releases tended to be higher in the wet season. The decomposition rate was always high when the leaves were completely submersed in the ditches of the mangrove-shrimp systems than when placed on land between the periodically flooded mangrove roots. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the decomposing mangrove leaves reached a maximum after six months, suggesting an increase in food quality over the first half year.
Key words: decomposition rate, nitrogen and phosphorus releases.
Title: Decomposition and nutrient releases of Rhizophora apiculata leaves
Article Details
Tài liệu tham khảo
Albright, L.J., 1976. In situ degradation of mangrove tissues. New Zealands J. Marine Freshwater Research 10, 385-389.
Benner, R., Hodson, R. E., 1985. Microbial degradation of the leachable and lignocellulosic components of leaves and wood from Rhizophora mangle in a tropical mangrove swamp. Marine Ecology Progress Series 23, 221-23.
Benner, R., Peele, E.R., Hodson, R.E., 1986. Microbial utilization of dissolved organic matter from leaves of the red mangroves Rhizophora mangle, in the Fresh Creek estuary, Bahamas. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 23, 607-619.
Boonruang, P., 1978. The degradation rates of mangrove leaves of Rhizophora apiculat (B1) and Avicennia marina (Forsk) Vierh at Phuket Island, Thailand. Reseach
Bulletin No. 26. Phuket Marine Biology Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Thailand.
Chale, F. M. M., 1993. Degradation of mangrove leaf litter under aerobic conditions. Hydrobiology 257, 177-183.
Cundell, A.M., Brown, M.S., Stanford, R., Mitchell, R., 1979. Microbial degradation of Rhizophora mangle leaves immersed in the sea. Estuarine and Coastal Shelf Science 9, 281-286.
Dick, T.M., Osunkoya, O.O., 2000. Influence of tidal restriction floodgates on decomposition of mangrove litter. Aquatic Botany 68, 273-280.
Fell, J. W., Masters, I.M., 1980. The association and potential role of fungi in mangrove detrital systems. Bot. Mar. 23, 257-264.
Fell, J.W., Cefalu, R.C., Masters, I.M., Tallman, A.S., 1975. Microbial activity in the mangrove (Rhizophora mangal) leaf detritus system. In: Walsh, G.E., Snedaker, S.C.and Teas, H.J.(eds.).Proceeding of international symp. Biology and Management of Mangroves. University of Florida,Gainesville, Florida, 661-679
Flores-Verdugo, F. J., Day, J., Briseno-Duenas, J. W., 1987. Structure, litterfall, decomposition and detritus dynamics of mangroves in a Mexican Coastal lagoon with an ephemeral inlet. Marine Ecology Progress Series 35, 83-90.
Goulter, P.F.E., Allaway, W.G., 1979. Litter fall and decomposition in a mangrove stand, Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh., in Middle Harbour, Sydney. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwater Research 30, 541- 546.
Hyde, K.D., Lee, S.Y., 1995. Ecology of mangrove fungi and their role in nutrient cycling: what gaps occur in our knowledge? Hydrobiologia 295, 107-118.
Hyde, K.D., 1992. Intertidal mangrove fungi from the west coast of Mexico, including one new genus and two new species. Mycol. Res. 96, 25-30.
Holmer, M., Olsen, A.B., 2002. Role of decomposition of mangrove and seagrass detritus in sediment carbon and nitrogen cycling in a tropical mangrove forest. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser 230, 87-101.
Johnston, D., Trong, N.V., Tien, D.V., Xuan, T.T., 2000. Shrimp yields and hasvest characteristics of mixed shrimp-mangrove forestry farms in southern Viet Nam: factors affecting production. Aqualculture 188, 263-284.
Laegdsgaard, P., Johnson, C., 2001. Why do Juvenile fish utilise mangrove habitats?. J. of Exp. Mar. Biol. and Ecol. 257, 229-253.
Lee, S. Y., 1989. Litter production and turnover of the mangrove Kandelia Candel (L.) Druce in a Hongkong tidal shrimp pond. Estuar. Coast. Shelf. Sci. 29, 75-87.
Lee, K.H., Moran, M.A., Benner, R., Hodson, E., 1990. Influence of soluble components of res mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) leaves on microbial decomposition of sructural (lignocellulosic) leaf components in seawater. Bulletin of Marine Science 46 (2), 374-386.
Levinton, J.S., 2001. Marine Biology (Function, Biodiversity, Ecology), 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, New York Oxford.
Lu C. Y., Lin P., 1990. Studies of litter fall and decomposition of Bruguiera sexatangugula (Lour.) Poir community on Hainan Island Chin. Bul. Marine Sciences 47, 139-148.
Mackey, A. P., Smail, G., 1995. Spatial and temporal variation in litter fall of Avicennia marina (Forsk) Vierh. In the Brisbane River. Queensland, Australia. Aquatic Botany 52, 133-142.
Mackey, A. P., Smail, G., 1996. The decomposition of mangrove litter in a Subtropical mangrove forest. Hydrobiologia 332, 93-98.
Mall, L. P., Singh, V. P., Garge, A., 1991. Study of biomass, litter fall, litter decomposition and soil respiration in monogen eric mangrove and mixed mangrove forest of Andaman Island. Tropical Ecology 32, 144-152.
Mfilinge, P.L., Atta, N., Tsuchiya, M., 2002. Nutrient dynamics and leaf litter decomposition in a subtropical mangrove forest at Oura Bay, Okinawa, Japan. Trees 16, 172-180.
Nga, B. T., Roijackers, R. 2002. Decomposition of Rhizophora apiculata leaves in a mangrove-shrimp system at The Thanh Phu state farm, Ben Tre province, Viet Nam. Selected papers of the workshop on integrated management of coastal resources in the Mekong delta, Viet Nam, 95-100.
O’Connell, A.M., 1988. Nutrients dynamics in decomposing litter in karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) forest of South- western Australia. Journal of Ecology 76, 1186-1203.
Robertson, A.I., 1988. Decomposition of mangrove leaf litter in tropical Australia. J. Exp. Mar. Bio. Ecol. 166, 235-247.
Robertson, A. I., Alongi D. M., Boto K. G., 1992. Food chain and carbon Fluxes. In:
Robertson A. I., Alongi D. M. (eds). Tropical Mangrove Ecosystems. (Coastal and estuarine series 41) American Geophysical Union, Washington, 293-326 pp.
Steinke, T.D., Charles, L.M., 1986. In vitro rates of decomposition of leaves of the mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza as affected by temperature and salinity. South African Journal of Botany 52,39-42.
Steinke, T. D., Ward C. J., 1987. Degradation of mangrove litter in the St. Lucia estuary as influenced by season and exposure. South Africa Journal of Botany 53 (5), 323-328.
Steinke, T. D., Holland A. J., Singh Y., 1993. Leaching loss during decomposition of mangrove leaf litter. S. Afr. Tydskr Plant 59, 21-25.
Stewart, B. A., Davis, B. R., 1989. The influence of different litter bag designs on the breakdown of leaf material in a small mountain stream. Hydrobiology 183, 173-177.
Tam, N. F. Y., Vrijmoed, L. L. P., Wong, Y. S., 1990. Nutrient dynamics associated with leaf decomposition in a small subtropical mangrove community in Hong Kong. Bull. Mar. Sci. 47, 68-78.
Tam, N. F. Y., Wong, Y. S., Lan C. Y., Wang, L. N., 1998. Litter production and decomposition in Subtropical mangrove swamp receiving wastewater. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 226, 1-18.
Tomlinson, P. B. 1986. The Botany of Mangroves, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Townsend, Colin R., Harper, John L., Begon, M., 2000. Essentials of Ecology. Blackwell Science.
Twilley, R. R., Lugo, A. E., Patterson-zucca, C., 1986. Litter production and turnover in basin Mangrove forests in Southwest Florida. Ecology 67, 670-683.
Twilley, R. R., Pozo M., Garcia V. H., 1997. Litter dynamics in riverine mangrove forests in the Guayas River estuary, Ecuador. Oecologia 111, 109-122.
Van der Valk, A.G., Attiwill, P.M., 1984. Decomposition of leaf and root litter of Avicennia marina at Westernport Bay, Victoria, Australia. Aquatic Botany 18, 205-221.
Woitchik, A.F., Ohowa, B., Kazungu, J.M., Rao, R.G., Goeyens, L., Dehairs, F., 1997. Nitrogen enrichment during decomposition of mangrove leaf litter in an east African coastal lagoon (Kenya): relative importance of biological nitrogen fixation. Biogeochemistry 39, 15-35.
Zhou, H., 2001. Effects of leaf litter addition on meiofaunal colonization of azoic sediments in a subtropical mangrove in Hong Kong. J. of Exp. Mar. Biol. And Ecol. 256, 99-121.