So sánh hiệu quả xử lý chất thải chăn nuôi dê bằng các phương pháp khác nhau
Abstract
The study employed a completely randomized design with seven treatments and three replications. The treatments included traditional composting (TT), vermicomposting (VM), and five compost treatments (CP1–CP5) utilizing goat excreta (GE) at 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 0% respectively, combined with feeding waste (FW) generated post-feeding and during storage. Results showed that VM and CP1 (100% GE) achieved comparable and higher treatment efficiency compared to TT. Organic fertilizers produced by VM and CP1 nearly met the QCVN 01-189:2009/BNNPTNT standard, requiring only adjustments to moisture and C/N ratios. Among composting treatments, CP1, CP2 (75% GE + 25% FW), and CP3 (50% GE + 50% FW) demonstrated equivalent and higher efficiency than CP4 (25% GE + 75% FW) and CP5 (100% FW). For goat farms where GE is the dominant waste, CP1 and VM are recommended. However, if both GE and FW need to be managed, CP2 or CP3 are effective options for waste treatment and the production of organic fertilizer.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu được bố trí hoàn toàn ngẫu nhiên gồm 7 nghiệm thức (NT), 3 lần lặp lại. Các NT gồm: ủ truyền thống (TT), nuôi trùn Quế (VM) và 5 NT ủ compost (CP1-CP5) từ 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% và 0% chất thải bài tiết của dê (GE) lần lượt kết hợp với chất thải thực vật (FW) phát sinh khi cho dê ăn và lưu trữ ở kho. Khi xử lý 100% GE, VM và CP1 có hiệu quả tương đương và vượt trội so với TT. Phân bón hữu cơ từ VM và CP1 gần đạt tiêu chuẩn theo QCVN 01-189:2009/BNNPTNT, chỉ cần điều chỉnh độ ẩm và C/N. Trong các nghiệm thức ủ compost, CP1, CP2 (75% GE + 25% FW), và CP3 (50% GE + 50% FW) mang lại hiệu quả xử lý tương đương và cao hơn so với CP4 (25% GE +75% FW) và CP5 (100% FW). Khuyến nghị trại chăn nuôi dê chủ yếu phát sinh GE, CP1 và VM là lựa chọn tốt. Tuy nhiên, nếu cần xử lý GE cùng FW, nên áp dụng CP2 hoặc CP3 để quản lý chất thải đồng thời sản xuất phân bón hữu cơ.
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