Ảnh hưởng của vi khuẩn quang dưỡng không lưu huỳnh màu tía cố định đạm đến sinh trưởng và năng suất lúa vụ hè thu trên nền đất lúa-tôm trong điều kiện nhà lưới
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Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of nitrogen-fixing purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) in enhancing rice growth and yield during the Summer-Autumn season in saline soils within the rice-shrimp system in Chau Thanh-Tra Vinh, My Xuyen-Soc Trang, Thoi Binh-Ca Mau, and An Bien-Kien Giang. The 4 x 4 factorial experiment performed in a completely randomized block design, including the first factor (A) as the fertilizer levels (100, 75, 50, and 0% with 100N-60P2O5-30K2O), and the second factor as liquid biofertilizers (B) (no added bacteria, added strains R. sphaeroides S01, added strains R. sphaeroides S06, and added a mixture of two strains R. sphaeroides S01 and S06), with four replicates and eight seeds in pot in a greenhouse. The results showed that use of PNSB, R. sphaeroides S01, S06 increased rice plant height (2.60 - 24.3%), rice panicle length (4.42 - 14.3%), number of panicles pot-1 (7.48 - 25.4%), number of grains per panicle (3.11 - 40.4%), percentage of filled grains (0.68 - 23.6%), and grain yield (7.03 - 69.9%) in soil from four surveyed areas.
Tóm tắt
Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là đánh giá ảnh hưởng của vi khuẩn quang dưỡng không lưu huỳnh màu tía (PNSB) cố định đạm (N) đến sinh trưởng và năng suất lúa vụ Hè Thu năm 2023 trồng trên một số nền đất nhiễm mặn lúa - tôm của Châu Thành - Trà Vinh, Mỹ Xuyên - Sóc Trăng, Thới Bình - Cà Mau và An Biên - Kiên Giang trong điều kiện nhà lưới. Thí nghiệm 2 nhân tố được bố trí theo khối hoàn toàn ngẫu nhiên. Trong đó, nhân tố A là bốn mức bón phân N (100, 75, 50, 0% N theo công thức khuyến cáo 100N-60P2O5-30K2O) và nhân tố B là PNSB cố định N, Rhodobacter sphaeroides (không bổ sung vi khuẩn, bổ sung dòng đơn R. sphaeroides S01, dòng đơn R. sphaeroides S06 và hỗn hợp hai dòng vi khuẩn R. sphaeroides S01 và S06), với 4 lần lặp lại, mỗi lần lặp lại 8 cây/chậu. Kết quả cho thấy việc bổ sung vi khuẩn R. sphaeroides S01, S06 đã cải thiện chiều cao cây lúa (2,60 - 24,3%), chiều dài bông (4,42 - 14,3%), số bông/chậu (7,48 - 25,4%), số hạt chắc/bông (3,11 - 40,4%), tỷ lệ hạt chắc (0,68 - 23,6%) và năng suất hạt lúa (7,03 - 69,9%) trên nền đất của 4 vùng nghiên cứu.
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