Khảo sát hoạt tính ức chế enzyme -glucosidase ở ruột non chuột Mus musculus của cao chiết cây mật gấu (Gymnanthemun amygdalinum)
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Abstract
The study aims to investigate the chemical composition and assess the α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of stem and leaf extracts of Gymnanthemum amygdalinum against α-glucosidase enzymes derived from two sources: yeast and the small intestines of mice.The chemical composition of the stem and leaf extracts was found to contain alkaloids, coumarin, polyphenol, tannin, flavonoid, and saponin. The stem extracts' total polyphenol and flavonoid contents (252.3±1.47 mg GAE/g and 136.7±1.54 mg QE/g, respectively) were higher than the leaf extract. Similarly, the results showed that the stem extract exhibited stronger inhibitory effects on α-amylase (IC50 =124.22±1.83 µg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50=77.21±0.52 µg/mL) compared to the leaf extract (IC50=424.22±4.12 µg/mL; IC50=287.51±3.42 µg/mL). Regarding the inhibitory effect on the glucosidase enzymes in the small intestine of mice, the inhibition percentage of the leaf extract was quite low (<30%, at a concentration of 5,000 µg/mL). On the other hand, the stem extract exhibited strong inhibition with an IC50 of 23.02 ± 0.21 µg/mL, which was six times less potent than acarbose (IC50=3.78 ± 0.47 µg/mL). The results demonstrate the potential of the stem extract of Gymnanthemum amygdalinum in treating diabetes.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu này nhằm khảo sát thành phần hóa học và đánh giá khả năng ức chế enzyme α-glucosidase từ cao chiết thân và lá cây mật gấu (Gymnanthemun amygdalinum) đối với 2 nguồn enzyme: từ nấm men và enzyme trích từ ruột non chuột. Thành phần hóa học của cao chiết thân và lá có chứa các nhóm chất alkaloid, coumarin, polyphenol, tannin, flavonoid, saponin. Hàm lượng polyphenol tổng (252,3±1,47 mg GAE/g cao chiết) và flavonoid tổng (136,7±1,54 mg QE/g cao chiết) trong cao chiết thân cao hơn cao lá. Đồng thời, kết quả nghiên cứu chỉ ra cao chiết thân cho hiệu quả ức chế enzyme α-amylase (IC50=124,22±1,83 µg/mL) và α-glucosidase (IC50=77,21±0,52 µg/mL) mạnh hơn so với cao lá (IC50=424,22±4,12 µg/mL; IC50=287,51±3,42 µg/mL). Đối với khả năng gây ức chế hỗn hợp enzyme glucosidase ở ruột non chuột, phần trăm gây ức chế của cao lá khá thấp (<30% ở nồng độ 5.000 µg/mL). Mặt khác, cao thân cho hiệu quả ức chế enzyme mạnh (IC50=23,02±0,21 µg/mL); thấp hơn acarbose 6 lần (IC50=3,78±0,47 µg/mL). Kết quả khảo sát chứng minh tiềm năng của cao chiết thân cây mật gấu trong điều trị bệnh đái tháo đường.
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