Các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến phúc lợi của hộ gia đình nông thôn Việt Nam
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Abstract
Research on household welfare has always received the attention of academia and policymakers. In this article, the authors analyse the factors affecting household welfare in rural areas of Vietnam in the period 2006-2014. First, the study opts the asset index as representative of household welfare. Based on this approach, besides other factors related to household characteristics (such as ethnicity, gender), the study has pointed out the main factors affecting welfare, including education, labour, arable land, diversity of livelihood sources, and social capital. This result indicates the need for both households and government activities to take action to improve the welfare of rural households.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu về phúc lợi hộ gia đình luôn nhận được sự quan tâm của giới học thuật và các nhà làm chính sách. Bài viết này tập trung phân tích các yếu tố tác động đến phúc lợi hộ gia đình ở khu vực nông thôn Việt Nam giai đoạn 2006 – 2014. Trước hết, nghiên cứu lựa chọn chỉ số tài sản (asset index) làm đại diện cho phúc lợi hộ gia đình. Với cách tiếp cận như vậy, bên cạnh những yếu tố khác liên quan đến đặc điểm của hộ gia đình (như dân tộc, giới tính), nghiên cứu đã chỉ rõ những yếu tố chủ yếu ảnh hưởng phúc lợi bao gồm trình độ học vấn, lao động, diện tích đất canh tác, đa dạng các nguồn sinh kế và vốn xã hội. Kết quả này cho thấy cần phải có sự đầu tư tích cực của hộ gia đình và sự tạo điều kiện của chính phủ để cải thiện phúc lợi cho hộ gia đình ở nông thôn hiện nay.
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