Đỗ Văn Bước * , Châu Tài Tảo , Trần Ngọc Hải , Đỗ Thị Thanh Hương , Nguyễn Thanh Phương Atsushi Ishimatsu

* Tác giả liên hệ (dovanbuoc@gmail.com)

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the effects of CO2 on survival, growth, digestive enzyme activity and glucose concentration of white leg shrimp from 15-day postlarvae to juvenile stage. The study was designed using a completely randomized with 4-CO2 treatments including 2.32, 7.81, 19.0 and 45.6 mg/L equal to pH of 8.1, 7.6, 7.2 and 6.8, respectively. Postlarvae of 0.019 g and 1.20 cm length were stocked at the density of 100 ind./200-L tank. After 45 days, the survival rate of shrimp in control treatment (2.32 mg/L CO2 or pH=8.1) was 70.0%, and the lowest survival rate occurred in the CO2 treatment of 45.6 mg/L (28.3%). The lowest final individual weight and length in CO2 concentration of 45.6 mg/L were 1.09 g and 4.69 cm. The lowest enzyme activities were in CO2 treatment of 45.6 mg/L. Glucose concentration was highest in 37.5 mg/100 mL. The high CO2 concentration will adversely affect growth, survival rate, reduce some digestive enzymes and increase glucose concentration in hemolymph of white leg shrimp.
Keywords: CO2, growth, Litopenaeus vannamei, survival

Tóm tắt

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá ảnh hưởng của CO2 lên tỉ lệ sống, tăng trưởng, hoạt tính enzyme tiêu hóa và glucose của tôm thẻ chân trắng giai đoạn bột (postlarvae 15) đến tôm giống. Nghiên cứu gồm 4 nghiệm thức hàm lượng CO2 là 2,32; 7,81; 19,02 và 45,6 mg/L tương ứng với các mức pH là 8,1; 7,6; 7,2 và 6,8; và được lặp lại 3 lần. Tôm có kích cỡ ban đầu là 0,019 g/con và 1,20 cm/con được ương trong bể 200 L, mật độ 100 con/bể và độ mặn 15‰. Sau 45 ngày, tỉ lệ sống ở nghiệm thức đối chứng cao nhất là 70,0%, và thấp nhất ở nghiệm thức CO2 là 45,6 mg/L (28,3%). Tăng trưởng của tôm thấp nhất ở nghiệm thức CO2 là 45,6 mg/L lần lượt là 1,09 g/con và 4,69 cm/con. Hoạt tính enzyme tiêu hóa thấp nhất ở nghiệm thức CO2 là 45,6 mg/L. Hàm lượng glucose cao nhất ở nghiệm thức CO2 là 45,6 mg/L (37,5 mg/100 mL). Hàm lượng CO2 cao sẽ gây ảnh hưởng bất lợi đến tăng trưởng, tỉ lệ sống, giảm hoạt tính một số enzyme tiêu hóa và tăng hàm lượng glucose trong máu của tôm thẻ chân trắng.
Từ khóa: CO2, tăng trưởng, tôm thẻ chân trắng, tỉ lệ sống

Article Details

Tài liệu tham khảo

Appelhans, Y.S., Thomsen, J., Pansch, C., Melzner, F. and Wahl, M., 2012. Sour times: Seawater acidification effects on growth, feeding behaviour and acid-base status of Asterias rubens and Carcinus maenas. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 459: 85-97.

Bechmann, R.K., Taban, I.C., Westerlund, S., Godal, B.F., Arnberg, M., Vingen, S. and Baussant, T., 2011. Effects of ocean acidification on early life stages of shrimp (Pandalus borealis) and mussel (Mytilus edulis). Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 74(7-9): 424-438.

Bernfeld, P., 1951. Enzymes of starch degradation and synthesis. Advan. Enzymol. 12: 379-428.

Boyd, C.E., Tucker, C.S., 1998. Pond aquaculture water quality management. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA., 700 pages.

Boyd, C.E., 1998. Water quality for pond aquaculture. Research and Development Series No 43. International Center for Aquaculture and Aquatic Environments, Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station, Auburn University, 37 pages.

Bộ Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn, 2008. Chỉ thị số 228/2008/CT-BNN, ngày 25/01/2008 của Bộ Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn về phát triển nuôi tôm chân trắng ở các tỉnh Nam bộ.

Bradford M.M., 1976. A rapid sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem., 72: 248-254.

Caldeira, K., and Wickett, M. E., 2005. Ocean model predictions of chemistry changes from carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere and ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110: 1-12.

Claybrook, D.L., 1983. Nitrogen metabolism. In: Mantel, L.H. (Ed.). The biology of Crustacea: 5. Internal anatomy and physiological regulation. The biology of Crustacea, pp. 163-213.

Cục Thú y, 2017. Báo cáo chuyên đề Tổng kết công tác Thú y năm 2017 và kế hoạch năm 2018. 13 trang.

Donohue, P.J.C., Calosi, P., Bates, A.H., Laverock, B., Rastrick, S., Mark, F. C. and Widdicombe, S., 2012. Impact of exposure to elevated pCO2 on the physiology and behaviour of an important ecosystem engineer, the burrowing shrimp Upogebia deltaura. Aquatic Biology, 15(1): 73-86.

Duarte, S., Bemquerer, M., and Araujo, F.G., 2015. Enzymatic activity in the gastrointestinal tract of Pimelodus maculatus (Teleostei, Siluriformes) in two neotropical reservoirs with different trophic conditions. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 58: 605-612.

Ebeling, J.M., Timmons, M.B. and Bisogni, J.J., 2006. Engineering analysis of the stoichiometry of photoautotrophic, autotrophic, and heterotrophic removal of ammonia–nitrogen in aquaculture systems. Aquaculture, 257(1-4): 346-358.

Fox, C., Brown, H.J. and Briggs, M., 1994. The nutrition of prawns and shrimp in aquaculture - a review of recent research. In: Muir, J.F., Ronald, R.J. (Eds.). Recent Advances in Aquaculture, Vol. V. Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 131-206.

Furtado, P.S., Gaona, C.A.P., Serra, F.P., Poersch, L.H. and Wasielesky, W., 2017. Acute toxicity of carbon dioxide to juvenile marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone 1931). Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology, 50(4): 293-301.

Furtado, P.S., Poersch, L.H. and Wasielesky, W.Jr., 2011. Effect of calcium hydroxide, carbonate and sodium bicarbonate on water quality and zootechnical performance of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared in bioflocs technology (BFT) systems. Aquaculture, 321(1-2): 130-135.

Hall, M.R. and Ham, E.H., 1998. The Effects of different types of stress on blood glucose in the Giant Tiger Prawn Penaeus monodon. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 29(3): 290-299.

Huggett, A.St.G. and Nixon, D.A., 1957. Enzymic determination of blood glucose. Biochem. J., 66: 12.

Kurihara, H., Shimode, S. and Shirayama, Y., 2004. Sub-lethal effects of elevated concentration of CO2 on Planktonic Copepods and Sea Urchins. Journal of Oceanography, 60: 743-750.

Hauton, C., Tyrrell, T. and Williams, J., 2009. The subtle effects of sea water acidification on the amphipod gammarus locusta. Biogeosciences, 6(8): 1479-1489.

Kaniewska, P., Campbell, P.R., Kline, D.I., Rodriguez-Lanetty, M., Miller, D.J., Dove, S. and Hoegh-Guldberg, O., 2012. Major cellular and physiological impacts of ocean acidification on a reef building coral. PloS One, 7(4): e34659, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034659.

Khan, S.N.A., Nazer, A.M. and Raveendran, S., 2015. Water quality management of diamond aqua farm, Mallipattinam, Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu, India. International Journal of Pure and Applied Zoology, 3(2): 197-203.

Kurihara, H., Matsui, M., Furukawa, H., Hayashi, M. and Ishimatsu, A., 2008. Long-term effects of predicted future seawater CO2 conditions on the survival and growth of the marine shrimp Palaemon pacificus. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 367(1): 41-46.

Li, C.C. and Chen, J.C., 2008. The immune response of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and its susceptibility to Vibrio alginolyticus under low and high pH stress. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 25(6): 701-709.

Liao, I.C. and Chien, Y-H., 2011. The Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, in Asia: The world’s most widely cultured alien crustacean. In: Galil, B.S. et al. (Eds.). In the wrong place - alien marine crustaceans: Distribution, biology and impacts. Invading Nature - Springer Series in Invasion Ecology, 6: 489-519.

Lin, Y.C. and Chen, J.C. 2001. Acute toxicity of ammonia on Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles at different salinity levels. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 259(1): 109-119.

Lin, Y.C. and Chen, J.C., 2003. Acute toxicity of nitrite on Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles at different salinity levels. Aquaculture, 224(1-4): 193-201.

Long, W.C., Swiney, K.M., Harris, C., Page, H.N. and Foy, R.J., 2013. Effects of ocean acidification on juvenile Red King Crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) and Tanner Crab (Chionoecetes bairdi) growth, condition, calcification, and survival. PloS One, 8(4), e60959, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060959.

Lorenzon, S., 2005. Hyperglycemic stress response in Crustacea. Invertebrate Survival Journal, 2: 132-141.

Nonwachai, T., Purivirojkul, W., Chuchird, N. and Limsuwan, C., 2011. Effects of dissolved oxygen levels on growth, survival and immune response of juvenile pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Journal of Fisheries and Environment, 35(3): 1-10.

Pimentel, M.S., Faleiro, F., Diniz, M., Machado, J., Pousao-Ferreira, P., Peck, M.A. and Rosa, R., 2015. Oxidative stress and digestive enzyme activity of flatfish larvae in a changing ocean. Plos One, 10(7): 1-18.

Ponce-Palafox, J., Martinez-Palacios, C.A. and Ross, L.G., 1997. The effects of salinity and temperature on the growth and survival rates of juvenile white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, Boone, 1931. Aquaculture, 157(1-2): 107-115.

Portner, H.O., Langenbuch, M. and Michaelidis, B., 2005. Synergistic effects of temperature extremes, hypoxia, and increases in CO2 on marine animals: From Earth history to global change. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110(C9): C09S10, doi:10.1029/2004JC00256.

Ramirez-Rochin, J., Frias-Espericueta, M.G., Fierro-Sanudo, J.F., Alarcon-Silvas, S.G., Fregoso-Lopez, M.G. and Paez-Osuna, F., 2017. Acute toxicity of nitrite on white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) juveniles in low-salinity water. Aquaculture Research, 48(5): 2337-2343.

Shirayama, Y. and Thornton, H., 2005. Effect of increased atmospheric CO2 on shallow water marine benthos. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110(C9): C09S08, doi:10.1029/2004JC002618.

Tseng, H.C., Grendell, J.H. and Rothman, S.S., 1982. Food, deodenal extracts, and enzyme secretion by the pancreas. American Journal of Physiology, 243: 304-312.

Turley, C. and Gattuso, J.P., 2012. Future biological and ecosystem impacts of ocean acidification and their socioeconomic-policy implications. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 4(3): 278-286.

Wickins, J.F., 1984. The effect of hypercapnic sea water on growth and mineralization in Penaeid prawns. Aquaculture, 41: 37-48.

Worthington, T.M., 1982. Enzymes and related biochemicals. Biochemical Products Division, Worthington Diagnostic System, Freehold, NJ, USA, pp. 215-226.

Wyk, P.V. and Scarpa, J., 1999. Water quality and management. In: Wyk, P.V., Davis-Hodkins, M., Laramore, R., Main, K.L., Mountain, J. and Scarpa, J. (Eds.). Farming marine shrimp in recirculating freshwater systems. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Tallahassee, pp. 141-162.