Tuyển chọn vi khuẩn lactic từ tôm thẻ chân trắng có tiềm năng sinh Bacteriocin ức chế Escherichia coli và Staphylococcus aureus
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Abstract
Currently, bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria are being considered as a potential alternative to antibiotics in aquaculture and preservatives in food. This research was conducted to select lactic acid bacteria strains capable of producing bacteriocin by agar well diffusion method to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, isolated from whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). A total of 21 lactic acid bacteria strains were isolated from shrimp farms in Kien Giang province. Among them, 9 strains showed the ability to produce bacteriocin that inhibited both E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive) bacteria, with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 4.0 to 9.7 mm. Notably, strain VT3 exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity and had a 99.4% sequence similarity to Weissella cibaria based on the 16S rRNA gene. The growth and bacteriocin production of strain VT3 were highest when cultured in MRS medium supplemented with 2% yeast extract, with antibacterial activity reaching 160 AU/mL and biomass production of 1.45 g/100 mL.
Tóm tắt
Hiện nay, bacteriocin được tổng hợp từ vi khuẩn lactic là hướng đi tiềm năng thay thế kháng sinh trong nuôi trồng thủy sản và chất bảo quản trong thực phẩm. Trong nghiên cứu, các chủng vi khuẩn lactic có khả năng sinh bacteriocin được tuyển chọn bằng phương pháp khuếch tán giếng thạch nhằm ức chế sự phát triển của Escherichia coli và Staphylococcus aureus được phân lập từ tôm thẻ chân trắng (Litopenaeus vannamei). Tổng cộng 21 chủng vi khuẩn lactic đã được phân lập từ các trại nuôi tôm tại tỉnh Kiên Giang, trong đó 9 chủng thể hiện khả năng sinh bacteriocin ức chế cả hai loại vi khuẩn E. coli (Gram âm) và S. aureus (Gram dương), với đường kính vòng ức chế từ 4,0 đến 9,7 mm. Đáng chú ý, chủng VT3 cho thấy hoạt tính kháng khuẩn mạnh nhất và có độ tương đồng trình tự gen 16S rRNA đến 99,4% so với Weissella cibaria. Khả năng phát triển và sinh tổng hợp bacteriocin của chủng VT3 cao nhất khi được nuôi cấy trong môi trường MRS bổ sung 2% yeast extract, với hoạt tính kháng khuẩn 160 AU/mL và sinh khối 1,45 g/100 mL.
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