DCS (Distributed Control System) has been developed and applied in many industrial manufacturing fields that require operating and monitoring large amount of distributed inputs/outputs. PCS 7 (Process Control System) of Siemens is a hierarchical solution system referred to a DCS which consists of various standardized hardware and supporting software. This paper aims to provide an introduction to PCS 7, the complete process of creating a new project in order to simulate and monitor the process of mixing raw materials using PCS 7 software package. The simulation results show that PCS 7 has many advantages, compared to normal PLC networks, such as horizontal and vertical integration into TIA (Totally Integrated Automation), hierarchical communication, central engineering, user-friendly graphical configuration and commissioning in CFC and SFC programming, accompanied by advanced WinCC that helps to operate and monitor the system better.

Finding cheap raw materials and efficient method to synthesize fatty acid methyl ester (FAME, well known as biodiesel), are being increasingly interested. Therefore, this study showed the possibility of using sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate to culture Yarrowia lipolytica Po1g for producing lipid in order to synthesize FAME. Moreover, the subcritical method was used to convert the lipid into FAME. Affecting factors such as temperature, time, methanol content, water content and catalyst concentration were investigated. The results showed that these factors significantly affected the conversion of lipid into FAME. Optimal conditions for the reaction were 175°C, 4 hours, 1:25 g/g of lipid:methanol, and 1:0.05 g/g of lipid: H2O, corresponding to the conversion of 90.15% lipid into FAME.

The objective of this research is to build a link system between farmers and agricultural experts to support the agricultural extension via mobile communication network and to collect real data used for developing automatic agricultural extension systems in the future. This system can be considered as ?24/7 farmers link program?. To build this system, at first, we need to build modules for sending and receiving SMS and MMS messages. These modules are important for farmers to send data of rice status to agricultural experts for receiving consultations. Next, a message classification module is built based on a combination of machine learning methods (e.g. SVM) with image and text processing technologies. To make it more convenient for experts and system users, a website is build to integrate these modules into the whole system. Preliminary results show that the construction of this system is feasible. This is also the foundation for building an online automatic agricultural extension support system through mobile communication network.

This study aims to design and manufacture a digital PID controller kit using the MSP-430 microcontroller of Texas Instruments Inc., which allows collecting real time data and sending them to a PC. A low-power DC motor is used as a control plant to verify the performance of the proposed controller kit and the computer interface software. Experimental results show that it is feasible to integrate the digital PID controller on the MSP430 microcontroller and the PC interface can conveniently display and record the transient system response.

In recent years, RFID technologies have been developed enormously and attracted special attention in the development of efficient and applicable algorithms, e.g., the method of locating Spot On, the positioning techniques of Landmarks, Virtual Landmarks. There are; however, various issues relating with environments which have a large number of obstacles as well as a huge density of Tags in a particular unit area. This research paper presents a method to locate tags with high accuracy in three-dimensional space when eight antennas are located at the corners in the monitored areas. The position of each tag is obtained based on the aggregate Received Signal Strength (RSS) value and the elimination of errors occurred in the communication process between the Tags and the reading range of the Readers. The simulation results show that the system can operate with relatively good accuracy in specific space which has a vast density of obstacles such as libraries, warehouses, etc. In addition, the application of the localization algorithm can ensure practicality, easy installation, economy, the possibility of rapid expansion as well as the proper optimization of management system for various types of environment.

Recently, the non-destructive measurement methods for analyzing and evaluating fruits such as using sound, slight impact method, image analysis have gained much interest from the scientific community. Among them, non-destructive fruit analysis using slight impact method showed feasibility and strong progression. This study aims at reviewing, analyzing and evaluating experiments in which slight impact method has been used in order to make a clear and sufficient basis for analyzing the physical properties of mangoes using this method. Experimental results show that the mango firmness could be measured using slight impact method. This sets a pathway for building an automatic mango sorting system to provide information for storage, transportation, and consumption of mangoes.

The forward-backward asymmetry AFB in top quark pair production is probably related to the contribution of new particles. The results from Tevatron?s forward-backward asymmetry in top quark pair production deviate from the standard model prediction at the level of 2 sigma, which motivates the application of alternative models to introduce new states. However, as the standard model predictions for the total cross section  and invariant mass distribution Mtt for this process are in good agreement with experiments, any alternative model must reproduce these predictions. These models can be classified into two categories: One introduces the s-channel exchange of new vector bosons with chiral couplings to the light quarks and to the top quark; the other relies on the t-channel exchange of particles with large flavor-violating couplings in the quark sector. In this work we employ the minimal version of the  model (3-3-1 model) to introduces both s- and t-channel nonstandard contributions for the top quark pair production in proton antiproton collisions. The result reinforces the role of the 3-3-1 model for any new physics effect.

Decomposition techniques based on the basis scattering matrix S,  ; S can be decomposed into coherency matrix (coherent) or covariance matrix (incoherent) (Cloude & Pottier, 1996), (Freeman & Durden, 1998). This paper presents methods enhance the ability to distinguish the natural objects with man-made objects using rotation techniques covariance matrix (Yamaguchi et al., 2011). Based on ALOS PALSAR full polarization data, the experimental results showed good separation between natural targets and man-madestructures, in urban area double-bounce scattering component increases from 6,25% to 36,89%, volume scattering component decreased from 84,61% to 32,53%; in areas with bare land and forest, volume scattering components decline significantly transferred to double-bounce scattering (bare land and forest) and surface scattering (bare land). With the experimental results, this algorithm describes the physical charactiristics of back-scattering phenomena of the natural and artificial objects.

WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) have become ubiquitous in today's world. With a capability providing “over-the-air” connections, WLANmay be the best choice for accessing Internet anytime and anywhere without heavy investment in infrastructure. In recent times, insecure wireless networks have been exploited to break into companies, banks, and government organizations. The frequency of these attacks has intensified. Therefore, it is very necessary and important to deploy a Wireless Intrusion Detection System (WIDS). Unfortunately, WIDS is usually very expensive, hard to customize and expand. This paper aims at proposing an effective alternative solution to deploy WIDS, which completely bases on open source software and customer-level network devices with low cost. This WIDS solution offers many edge features which are only found in expensive devices. These fearures include inside/outside wireless attack detecting, SMS alerting, and database supporting.

This paper presents data mining approach for detecting the key courses which affect the learning outcomes of information technology students. We collect the study results of undergraduate students studying information technology programs at Can Tho University; and then the pre-processing step is to transform the dataset into structured one (i.e. the table format) suited for the input of data mining algorithms used in the next step. The random forest model is learnt from the dataset to extract the important features (the key courses). The experimental results showed that the key courses extracted by our proposed approach provide useful information to educational managers to improve the training efficiency.

In this study, active ingredient Quinalphos was selected to measure and assess its concentration in surface water at rice fields, irrigation canals and main rivers in the Hau Giang province, in two rice crops, the Winter-Spring 2012 and the Autumn-Summer 2013. The study results revealed that the concentrations of Quinalphos were detected at all surveyed water bodies and the detected frequencies were gradually decreased from the rice fields to the main rivers and the irrigation canals with 40%, 50% and 67%, respectively. The average concentrations of Quinalphos detected in the irrigation canals and main rivers in the Autum-Summer crop were higher than that in the Winter-Spring crop. Among the sampling locations at the irrigation canals and main rivers, several measured concentrations exceeded the threshold value of acute 48 hour EC50 toxicity for aquatic invertebrate animal (0,66 àg/L). In the annual monitoring program of the province, the concentration in surface water should be monitored for pesticides which are commonly used and toxic to aquatic animals and the accumulation of these compounds in food chain are needed to be researched.

The study was done in the Long Tuyen safe vegetables co-operative farming from April to September, 2013 with the following objectives: (i) Assessment of vegetables productivity applying with the compost-chemical fertilizer and chemical fertilizer; (ii) Assessment of the vegetable quality growing on sewage sludge compost according to standard of of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (99/2008/QĐ-BNN); and, (iii) Assessment of the bulk density and the porosity of soil after harvesting. The results showed that the lettuce yield was significant higher in the treatment of sewage sludge composts mixed with the N-P-K fertilizers (16-16-8) (2.38-3.35 kg/m2) than in the N-P-K fertilizers treatment (2.17-2.31 kg/m2). The quality indicators including coliform (2.41-7.56 CFU/g) and nitrate content (125.1-175.1 mg/kg) were at the safe level in accordance to the standard of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. In addition, the bulk density and porosity in the compost treatments were also improved in comparison to the chemical fertilizers treatment.

Sufficient quality of groundwater (i.e. without arsenic contaminant for domestic use purposes) is necessary for sustaining the living in rural areas of Vietnam. This study investigated the combination of simple arsenic removal engineering and advanced home-made adsorbent as a suitable approach toward arsenic removal from the high arsenic contaminant in groundwater. Arsenic-contaminated groundwater samples at the Cho Vam town, Phu Tan district, An Giang province were treated in this study. Arsenic contaminant removal engineering was separated into co-precipitation and absorption steps. Two parameters including air purging time for the co-precipitation step and flow rate of ground water for the adsorption step were optimized; the remained arsenic concentration of treated groundwater decreased to less than 10 ?g/L. Such arsenic level of treated water satisfied the arsenic maximum concentration limitation of the World Health Organization (WHO) for the domestic-used groundwater. For arsenic removal adsorbent material, additionally, the home-made adsorbent showed about ~1.2-fold of arsenic removal efficiency than that of commercial adsorbent (NC-F20). This implied that the home-made adsorbent showed higher advantage than NC-F20 in arsenic removal application. The advanced function of home-made adsorbent could be combined with porous structures of natural zeolite and hydration facility for iron ions in the structure of bentonite material.

This study uses different models of regression, time series and fuzzy time series to forecast Vietnam?s population from historical data. By using statistical criterions, the most appropriate model can be found for forecasting Vietnam?s population to 2020.

Forty-five nitrogen removal bacterial isolates and fifty-two polyphosphate- accumulating bacterial isolates were isolated from sewage water of five biowaste stations (Vinh Long, Can Tho, Hau Giang). After testing on minimum medium added NH4+, NO2-, NO3- and mixture of these three kinds of nitrogen anh orthophosphate, three isolates having high N removal ability (TOD1.1, TOD2.3, TND1.4) and three polyphosphate-accumulating bacterial isolates (TL2.3, HP2.3, HP3.2) were chosen to sequence randomly by automatic sequencer. DNA sequencing were compared with GenBank databank of NCBI by BLAST N software. The results showed that TOD1.1,  TOD2.3  and TND1.4 isolates were 99% of identity with JF799886 Enterobacter sp. CIFRI D-TSB-9-ZMA, HQ259961 Klebsiella variicola strain 7 & EU884439 Enterobacter sp. 12 and FJ189785 Enterobacter sp. CSB08, respectively; while polyphosphate-accumulating bacterial TL2.3 isolate had the identity rate of 98% with JX025736 Bacillus cereus strain  VP11, the HP2.3  and  HP3.2 isolates were  99% of identity with JF505965 Exiguobacterium mexicanum strain KNUC9031 and FJ976560 Acinetobacter soli strain LCR52, respectively. The combined Enterobacter sp. TNĐ1.4 and Acinetobacter soli HP3.2 reduced the concentrations of ammonium, total N, Nitrite, Nitrate, orthophosphate, total P and the released ammoniac gas to the lowest level after five days of inoculation.

In this study, two quinolinecarboxamide derivatives N-(2-(7-chloroquinolin-4-ylamino)ethyl)acetamide (5) and N-(2-(7-chloroquinolin-4-ylamino)ethyl)benzamide (8) were successfully synthesized through two steps: (i) Aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of 4,7-dichloroquinoline with ethan-1,2-diamine as the nucleophile to form compound N-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)ethan-1,2-diamine (3) in the yield of 87%; (ii) N-Acylation of the intermediate (3) using acylating agents such as acetic anhydride and benzoyl chloride to afford the desired products (5) and (8) in the yields of 92.4% and 89.7%, respectively. The structures of the two products were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and DEPT spectra. Compounds (3), (5), (8) were tested for antibiotic activity. The results showed that: compound (3) was active against Vibrio spp and had antibiotic activity on Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; compound (5) was active against Vibrio spp and compound (8) showed antibiotic activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.

This experiment was conducted on 60 crossbred (local x New Zealand) rabbits in the Mekong delta of Vietnam started at 8 weeks of age to evaluate the effects of dietary metabolizable energy (ME) levels on feed intake, growth performance, digestibility, nitrogen retention, carcass quality, caecal parameters and economic return. The experiment was a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 3 replications (2 males and 2 females per one experimental unit). The experimental period was 10 weeks. The treatments were dietary ME levels of 2100, 2300, 2500, 2700 and 2900 kcal/kgDM, respectively with maize supplementation as the energy source. The results showed that nutrients intake, daily weight gain, digestibility, nitrogen retention, caecal parameters and carcass quality were gradually increased with increasing the dietary ME from 2100 to 2700 kcal/kgDM (p0.05). In conclusion, the dietary ME levels from 2500 to 2700 kcal/kgDM were better for the growing crossbred (local x New Zealand) rabbits.

Using a perfect marker with four specific primers in a single PCR tube was very useful for rapid detection between homozygous fragrant, homozygous non-fragrant and heterozygous non-fragrant individuals in a population segregating for fragrance. Primers ESP and IFAP generated a 257-bp DNA fragment from a fragrant allele. Primers INSP and EAP generated a 355-bp DNA fragment from a non-fragrant allele. The relationship between this marker and fragrance trait holds in 100%. Two contiguous SNPs (GC/TT) of SSIIa gene closely linked with starch gelatinization temperature (GT). Based on these SNPs, four primers NF1, NR1, F22 and R21 were used in a PCR reaction. Analysis of PCR results showed that PCR product with 350 bp from TT genotype had low GT and PCR product with 550 bp from GC genotype was high or intermediate GT. The relationship between SSIIa marker and GT was 92%. SSR marker S00310 located on the short arm of chromosome 6 linked to Bph25 was used in this study to identify brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) resistance in rice. The result of PCR products indicated that marker S00310 linked to BPH resistance gene and having about 92% for the correlation between their genotype and phenotype.

Application of bioflocculant-producing bacteria to treat water in bronze featherback and anabas fish three-month old fish ponds at Vi Thuy district (ababas fish) and Long My district (bronze featherback fish), Hau Giang province composed of two stages: bio-floc (bacteria (0.2% v/v) and PAC (0.05% w/v) and Lemna (aquatic plant). The results showed that concentrations of TSS, COD, BOD5, TN, Nitrite, Nitrate, TP and PO43- in water of bronze featerback fish pond decreased strongly after 1 hour applying bio-floc and after 72 hours, all of data were lower than A standard of QCVN40:2011/BTNMT; Ammonia concentration increased from 1 to 3 days but it reduced strongly when water was moved to Lemna pond. Concentrations of COD, BOD5, TP, Nitrite, Nitrate in water of anabas fish pond decreased under A standard of QCVN40 after 3 days applying bio-floc however concentrations of Ammonia, PO43-, TN increased during 3 days after applying bio-floc and they only reduced strongly under A standard of QCVN40 when water was transferred to Lemna pond; neutral pH of water (two ponds) changed slowly. This process was applied for water treatment of three-month old bronze featherback fish and ababas fish ponds successfully with data under a standard of QCVN40 in a short time (3 days for bio-floc stage, 2 days for Lemna stage) with low cost.

Ninety isolates of ETEC (49 isolates from lactating piglets and 41 isolates from weaned piglets) in several provinces in Mekong Delta were collected for virulent gene identification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The prevalence of fimbrial genotypes in examined ETEC strains were as follow: F4 (15.56%), F5 (8.89%), F6 (5.56%), F18 (17.78%) and F41 (0%). In detail, the percentage of ETEC strains carrying F4 and F8 adhesin genes in suckling piglets were highest at 16.33% and 12.2% respectively, followed by F5 (6.12%), F6 (8.16%); whereas in the weaned piglets, F18 gene was found in ETEC strains with the highest rate (22.45%), followed by F4, F5 and F6 at 14.63%, 12.2% and 2.44% respectively. On the other hands, this study found out the rate of STa (15.56%) and LT (12.22%) which were lower than STb (33.33%) and EAST1 (27.78%); Among them the distribution of strains of ETEC STa, STb, LT and EAST1 did not depend on the age. In the suckling piglets with diarrhea, positive strains with STb and EAST1were the highest (33.33%) and (27.78%), while STa and LT gene in each strains were detected at 14.29 and 10.2% respectively. The rate for enterotoxins detected from weaned piglets was not significantly different with STa (17.07%), STb (26.83%), LT (14.63%), EAST1 (24.39%). This study indicated that the fimbriae F18 and toxic EAST1 played an important role on the possible pathogen factors causing the diarrhea in piglets; however, they have not been used in vaccines against diarrhea  in some provinces of the Mekong Delta.

In this study to determine the prevalence of Vibrio spp. on water samples at slaughter, seafood and feces of patients serve for further studies on identification species of Vibrio spp. and their antibiotic resistance. Isolation of Vibrio spp. was carried out on 300 samples including 160 clam samples, 100 swine blood samples and 40 feces of diarrheal patients collected from Tra Vinh hospital, Tra Vinh province. Results indicated that there were 10% clam samples and 4% swine blood samples contaninated by Vibrio spp. whereas no Vibrio spp. was isolated from diarrheal feces. The results of kirby bauer antibiotic sensitivity tests showed that all of the isolated Vibrio spp. strains weresensitive to norfloxacin (100%), chloramphenicol (70%) but 90% of the isolates is resistant to amoxicillin. Three out of 20 (15%) Vibrio spp. isolates were positive for multivalent antisera (O139, Ogawa, Inaba), 10% (2/20) of them was positive for monovalent antisera (Ogawa and Inaba).

Two experiments (in-pot and in field) were conducted to evaluate effects of two endophytic bacteria strains (Azospirillum amazonense SHL70, Burkholderia kururiensis PHL87) together with other levels of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer on high-yielding rice (cv. Ma Lam 213) cultivated on sandy loam soil of Tuy Hoa, Phu Yen province in Autumn-Winter 2013 and Winter-Spring 2013-2014 season-croppings. The results showed that applying endophytic bacteria and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer increased plant height, yield components and grain yield of high-yielding rice in-pot experiment and in the field trial. Yield components and grain yield of rice in SHL70 and PHL87 plus 30 kg N/ha treatment were not significant difference from those of applying 120 kg N/ha without bacterial inoculation in-pot experiment. The results of field trial showed that bacterial inoculation in rice seeds (either SHL70 or PHL87) plus 60 kg N/ha having yield components and grain yield were not significant difference with those of rice only applying 120 kg N/ha without inoculation therefore both of bacteria strains provided 50% biological nitrogen quantity for high-yielding rice requirement, improvement of quality grain and soil fertility of Tuy Hoa city, Phu Yen province.

The traditional product, named ?Mắm chua cá sặc? or ?Mắm tiêu xương?, is a sour fermented soft bone fish (Trichogaster trichopterus; Trichogaster microlepis). Fish was mixed with salt, sugar, ethanol, grilled rice powder, garlic, chilli and naturally fermented at 28?30°C within 30 days. Fermented products had the harmonious combination of sweet, sour and salty taste; especially, they still remained the whole shape of fish but their skeleton turned really soft that it was boneless in the sense of taste. One of the factors affecting the quality of the product was the source of lactic acid bacteria presented to products. Therefore, it was necessary to isolate and determine lactic acid bacteria based on the characteristics of form, biochemistry and molecular biology techniques (DNA sequencing). These experiments were set up based on the basis of development of procedures for processing such as inoculating the bacteria into the products ? In this study, bacteria were isolated in fermented products on MRS medium with 6% of salt added. As a result, four isolated strains of bacteria including L1, L2, L3, L4 had whiter or milk-white colonies; 1-2mm in length; bacilli, diplococci and cocci in shape. All these four strains were Gram positive bacteria. Their reaction of catalase, oxidase were negative and positive to amylase; and especially, L1, L2 and L3 indicated positive results in protease. The results of 16S rRNA sequences of L1, L2, L3, L4 showed that they were Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactobacillus farciminis and Staphylococcus hominis respectively. Among them, Staphylococcus hominis was not lactic acid bacteria.

Miracle fruit (Synsepalum dulcificum) contains miraculin ? a taste modifying protein, affect a temporary replacement of sour and bitter taste with sweet taste. Despite psychophysical investigations were carried out, very little literature is known about the effect of this fruit on taste interaction from the product. In this study, the changes induced by miracle fruit juice on the sensory threshold of four basic tastes were investigated. In addition, the effect of miracle fruit juice on the sensory quality of the orange juice was evaluated. The sensory threshold of sweet taste was decreased significantly after using 1 ml miracle fruit juice. In contrast, the sensory threshold of sour and bitter taste were increased after using 1.5 ml this juice and the sensory threshold of salty taste was not effected by using miracle fruit juice in range of 1?2 ml. The addition of 10% miracle fruit juice enhanced the sensory quality of the orange juice.

With the puspose of observation of biosynthesis of protease ingelatinsolid - state culture as well as determination of kinetic parameters such as optimum pH, temperature, Vmax and Km of the protease, various experiments were done. The result showed that optimal cultivation condition was 70% rice bran, 25% paddy, 5% gelatin, 60% water content, pH 5.72 hours incubation. Kinetic analysis of enzyme showed that optimum pH and temperature was 5.5 and 45oC respectively, Vmax = 1.2548 àmol/minute, Km = 0.3932%. In addition, the ability of protein solution hydrolysis was also checked. The result showed that at 45oC, pH 3.2, 1 mL acid protein could be hydrolyzed well after 50 minutes reaction by the enzyme. The results indicate that protease biosynthesized from Aspergillus oryzae has high ability to hydrolyze protein solution.

Diversification of pomelo product to enhance the economic value of this fruit using enzyme ?-glucosidase for bitter taste control from the fruit was done. In addition, the experiments that find out the suitable recipe for processing such as bBrix degree, pectin and citric acid concentrations were also investigated. The results showed that when ?-glucosidase was used at 1.4% for 40 minutes, the bitter taste of the product could be controlled well. Pomelo syrup product had good sensory evaluation when it was adjusted at 55oBx, 2% pectin and 0.5% citric acid. The pasteurization regime at 85oC for 5 minutes could store the product well for 4 weeks at room temperature. The results indicated that ?-glucosidase could be used to control bitter taste well during pomelo syrup processing.

Objectives of this study were to determine the proper nitrogen fertilizer application rate and time for gaining the optimal sugarcane growth, yield and Brix. A 22 factorial experiment in a completely randomized block design including three nitrogen rates and using leaf chart color (LCC). The field experiments have been conducted in Cu Lao Dung and Long My in the year of 2012. Results showed that application of 300 kg N per hectare with using LCC gave optimum sugarcane growth and yield in Cu Lao Dung and Long My.  Especially, stalk height, internode and internode length of sugarcane were significantly higher in this treatment, but sugarcane Brix were not improved at both sites.

The study aims at the ecological sustainability of the farming models as Intensive Rice cultivation (L), Rice-Fish (LC), Rice-Upland crop (LM), Garden-Livestock (VC), and Garden-Fish-Livestock-Rice (VACR). Direct interview method was applied to each production group in each farming model, and the results were used as input parameters for ECOPATH v.3.1 software. In rice cultivation, use of sowing rice seed amount was high, but phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were applied reasonably. The orchards were not high in the intensive investment for cultivation and gave low yields. The upland crops were cultivated commonly in small scales with high rates of nitrogen fertilizer application. The productions of livestock and fish in farming models were mainly by extensive farming, with no good investments of stocks and feeds. The LC farming model was assessed as sustainable to the ecological indicators, such as Actual efficiency, Nutrient recycling index, Ecotrophic efficiency of soil, and Nitrogen balance; and the VACR model was sustainable in Biodiversity, Actual efficiency, P/B ratio and Harvest index. To increase the ecological sustainability, the models of LC and VACR should be considered in the development of farming systems.

In Vietnam, plants of the genus Canna (Cannaceae) are mainly of the wild type which can be used as arrow-root and ornamental plants. For the objectives of their preservation and efficient use, it is necessary to describe and classify them. Therefore, this study was carried out to classify plants of canna which were collected in different ecological areas. Their basic and special characteristics are helpful to recognize them. Results showed that they can be classified into 3 species: Canna hybrida Forst, Canna indica L. and Canna edulis Ker Gawl. Basing on the morphologic characteristics and other analyses, nine (9) edible clones were classified, with four in deep red flower, one pink flower, one yellow and red spot flower, one yellow and red flower, one deep yellow flower and one pale yellow flower. Results also showed that 5 edible canna clones with their flowers are very beautiful which can be used as ornamental plants, and the remaining clones can be used as arrow-root or other purposes.

Strigolactones (SLs) were identified from extraction and isolation of root exudates as stimulant for seed germination of plant root parasite weeds in the family of Orobanchaceae such as Striga spp., Orobanche spp., Phelipanche spp., Alectra spp. Recently, SLs have been classified as a new plant growth regulator group which has a typical function in inhibiting plant branching. SLs have been also considered as beneficial factor in plant metabolism, rhizosphere signal, plant growth and development. SLs have some basic characteristics as following: (1) on biological aspect, SLs have three main functions: stimulate seed germination of plant root parasite weeds, promote hyphal branching of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis and inhibit plant branching; (2) SLs are synthesized from carotenoids; (3) plants regulate their SLs production and exudation depending upon variation in surrounding environment; (4) plants grow in poor nutrient condition tend to increase SLs production in order to inhibit branching and enhance mycorrhizal symbiosis; (5) plant root parasite weeds recognize their host roots due to host root exudates that attract mycorrhizal symbiotic fungi.

This study was conducted through interviewing 93 fishermen in coastal zone of Phu Quoc island from March 2013 to March 2014. Results showed that fishermen?s fishing techniques mainly based on their experiences. Fishing boat capacity (BC, 56.25 CV), loading capacity (15.88 tons) and the net length (34.20 km) in group with BC from 45 to < 90 CV was largest and significantly different from groups with BC < 20 CV or BC from 20 to < 45 CV. Main fishing ground was in the East of the island. The larger fishing BC had the deeper and farther fishing ground from the shore. The fishing production of BC group from 20 to < 45 CV (188.6 kg/CV/season) was significantly higher than from the others. The fishing production in the Southern wind season was higher than in the Northern wind season. The profit of BC group from 20 to < 45 CV was highest in the Southern wind season. However in the Northern wind season, the profit of BC group < 20 CV was highest. Average benefit and cost ratio in fishing was 0.52 times. Swimming crab fishing activities brought a high and stable income for the local fishermen in Phu Quoc island.

Applying mixed feeding schedule for striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) grow-out ponds were conducted from June 2010 to January 2012 in Vung Liem and Mang Thit districts, Vinh Long province. The first study was conducted in 28 weeks with three mixed feeding schedules including (1) daily satiation feeding (control); (2) satiation feeding for 3 days and starvation for 1 days (3:1); and (3) satiation feeding for 7 days and starvation for 2 days (7:2). Each feeding schedule was applied in two ponds. The growth rate and feed conversion ratio of fish fed 7 days and starved 2 days were the best. The second study was the application of the satiation feeding for 7 days and starvation for 2 days (7:2) in 3 grow-out ponds and daily satiation feeding in 2 ponds (control). The results of mixed feeding schedule showed reducing production cost, improving fish growth and production and reducing feed conversion ratio. Therefore, mixed feeding schedule (7:2) is recommended to apply in grow-out culture of striped catfish.

Fishing status of Sergestid shrimp (Acetes spp.) in bagnet was studied from July 2013 until January 2014 in 3 coastal provinces of the Mekong Delta including Bac Lieu, Ca Mau and Soc Trang. Data were collected from survey on 90 households. Results showed that fishing season was from March until August and each household had many bagnets. The fishing yield was not clearly different between West and East shores but depended mainly on the weather. The yield was big different among provinces and within the province at the same time. The yield was less affected by mouth width of the bagnet and also did not depend on the fishermen?s experiences. Bagnet rows were set up 1.5-10 km from the coastline, but the bagnet was located near the coastline get lower yield than the farther ones.

Study on using gut weed (Enteromorpha sp.) as a feed for the spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) was carried out in brackish water ponds at Vinh Hau village, Bac lieu province. Experiment consisted of 3 feeding treatments with 3 replicates. The ponds without gut weed and fish were received pellet everyday considered as a control. Other two treatments gut weed were maintained in the ponds during culture period and fish were fed pellet feed every 2 days or 3 days. After 6 months of culture, survival of fish ranged from 87.5 to 88.8%.  The growth rate and yield of fish in the treatment received pellet every 2 days were better than other treatments but there were no significant differences among treatments (p>0.05). Feed conversion ratio and feed cost in the control treatment was significantly (p

Today, rural women has an improvement of awareness about their position and roles in farming production activities, non - agricultural economic sectors, as well as social activities which contribute to the economic development of households. However, there are some women who do not understand clearly the legal rights in family, they often accept with the inequity in labor division in the household. The result of the study about the gender in labor division in household?s economic development in Phung Hiep District, Hau Giang Province indicates that female accounts for 2.7% of tillage activities in rice production; whereas male occupies the higher proportion, at 58.7%. Non-agricultural activities such as sale and purchase women play the key role, with 40%; trade and craft activities (as bamboo, water hyacinth and wicker weaving), with 87.9%. Besides, women are high appreciated in family financial management (37.3%); whereas men only accounts for 19.4%. The study also suggests some solutions to raising gender awareness in labor division of farm households.

Stereometry is an important part of the mathematics curriculum high school today.The stereometric problems are pretty complicated, requiring learners to have good and critical thinking. Solving some stereometric problems is relatively difficult and takes more time, but the use of  coordinate method will make them  much simpler. In this article, we would like to introduce how to apply coordinates method toward the stereometric problems.

This study is aimed to identifying factors affecting students? time on sefl-study at School of Economics and Business Administration (SEBA) based on a survey of 523 observations in April 2014. According to the statistical results, on average, students spent 2.45 hours on self-study per one classroom hour. However, there was a large variability among students in time spending on self-study of 0.26 - 4.32 hours per a classroom hour. The results of multiple regression revealed that some factors such as the grades of the university entrance exam, cumulative grade point average and group assignments positively affecting student?time spent on self-study while the number of credits enrolled, part-time job had negative impact on studen?s time spent on self-study. In addition, the study also found that students had not utilized well the supported facilities for self-study yet (PCs, internet). The study recommended that further promoting the roles of class academic advisors in enhancing academic consulting activities for students; course evaluation methods should be considered to promote self-study of students

The main purpose of this research is to explore factors effecting learning motivation of Vietnamese Studies students, Can Tho University. The results of research indicate that 4 factors ?curriculum, learning materials, and competence  of lecturers?, ?compatibility of field of study and other fields of studies? attraction?, ?evaluation of lecturers, facilities of school, and difficult degree of subjects?, ?relationship between learning skills and knowledge with real work? affect students? learning motivation. From these results, researchers point out some recommendations to contribute to enhancing students? learning motivation.

In recent years, in the mass media, the public have said much about the crisis in education and backwardness of scientific research in our country. This situation is expressed through extremely modest position of Vietnamese universities in the university rankings in the world and through the paucity of scientific articles published by Vietnamese scientists in international Journals. Yet, our country has the most number of professors and post graduatesin the South-East of Asia. In the educational sciences, the situation is even more disappointing: for 15 years, from 1996-2010, only 39 articles were published internationally, while we trained a series of post graduate. Again, we have to pay attention to the quality of scientific staff of our country seriously to find radical solutions to treating the causes of this crisis and backwardness. In this article, we would like to present the results of the preliminary examination of over 600 titles of Master theses in educational sciences, to try to trace the causes of the weakness in educational research of Vietnam and to suggest some radical solutions. This is the first step for further research that we will proceed in the near future.

Currenty, improving the quality in teaching National Defense Education and Security at Can Tho university is necessary. To evaluate the teaching reality and seek for the way to enhance the teaching quality effectively, the writing learned through testing by the question table, interviewing facuties, students at Can Tho university. Since then, the authors found that there are a lot of causes to the real weakness in teaching National Defense Education and Security, and the teaching methods of teachers is an important factor. From the above causes, the author proposes the need to innovate, use of active teaching methods in teaching National Defense Education and Security. However, innovation can not be separated methods with innovative media, organizational forms and methods of evaluating assessment results.

Sine theorem in the triangle is an important theorem in geometry curriculum in secondary schools. Content of this theorem indicates the relationship between the angles, edges and circumscribed circle?s radius in a triangle. Thus, in applications to sine theorem for problem solving, it is possible to change a problem on the relationship among the sides of the triangle to the problem on the relationship among the angles and vice versa. In addition, the sine theorem has many practical applications; it is an opportunity that teachers can take advantage of to educate ?realistic mathematics? for their students. Sine theorem has many meanings as stated, what are mathematical organizations of the theorem in current textbooks? While solving the problems, have students used this theorem as a strategy? This paper will report the results of investigations of into textbooks and students in Phan Ngoc Hien secondary school, Bac Lieu province.

Little research has been conducted on teacher beliefs of learner autonomy in language learning (Borg và Al-Busaidi, 2012). In Vietnam this has been given due attention just recently. The current paper reports on the results of a study undertaken since April, 2014, using survey and interview. The participants were 84 lecturers of English from six public universities which offer training in English language programs. The study showed that they advocated the psychological and social perspectives of learner autonomy more than the political and technical ones. While desiring to grant students opportunities to be involved in decision-making and to develop in them abilities that indicate learner autonomy, the lecturers felt that it was less feasible to implement these in their teaching contexts.

There have been many ways to study folklore in Vietnam and to make some achievements. In general, however, some of folklore studies have also been based on documents printed out, which are called ?text - oriented approaches?. Although these directions have focused on contexts in some cases and made some values of our national literature, there are some weak points.   To solve them, studying ?folklore as a process? is one of the most effective ways which can make changes in folklore.

Approaching  theaspects of the narrative speech, the writer would like to point out one of the factors for the success in Nam Cao?s short stories. Conspicuously, the narrative speech in his stories was very vivid and flexible shifts. He had to take advantage, the ability to express of direct speech and indirect speech for constructing his works. The mixture of the forms of the narrative speech helps to organize vividly the complex aspects of life in his short stories.

After World War II, the U.S. advocated using a global strategy to confirm its position. In this context, the French war in Indochina crisis, France had to carry a heavy burden on the war in Indochina in order to maintain its rights here. During the period from 1945 to 1954, France received enormous help from the U.S., whichmade a strong impact on the military transformation - politically important not only in Indochina but also in France and around the world. TheU.S.intervention was seen as the start of theU.S.involvement in the Vietnam War (1954-1975).

Over the past three decades, the field of ESP (English for Specific Purposes) has witnessed a proliferation of research into rhetorical and linguistic features of research articles, the main and most prestigious medium of disseminating research results in academic discourse communities. A remarkable number of this research body focuses on the rhetorical structure in the introduction section of research articles in a number of disciplines and across languages. To the best of our knowledge, however, there are virtually no published genre-based contrastive studies into the same phenomenon in research article introductions (RAIs) of original applied linguistics papers in reputable English and Vietnamese-medium journals. This paper reports an exploratory analysis of the rhetorical structure deployed in a corpus of 10 applied linguistics RAIs in English and 10 applied linguistics RAIs in Vietnamese, with Swales? Create A Research Space - CARS 1990 framework being the analytical tool. Results showed a divergence in the utilization of the rhetorical structure at the move level in RAIs between English native speaker authors and their Vietnamese counterparts. Besides its contribution to the accumulated knowledge base of genre analysis research in the ESP tradition, this finding is likely to be of practical value to applied linguistics novice writers who wish to get their papers published in either or both of the languages and also to teachers and learners in university-based advanced academic writing courses in Vietnam.

Society and its norms and values have always changed. Changes in thoughts on love, marriage and family may have positive elements but also trends evoking concerns because changes in value orientation may induce non-conformist behaviour of individual activities disturbing social balance. To appreciate the value orientation of the students of Can Tho University on love, marriage and family, an empirical study was conducted using comparative analysis, observations and interviews.  From August to December 2013, we interviewed 170 students in 5 faculties. The results showed the differences in student?s perceptions and value orientation on love, personalities of future partners and on symbols of family happiness. The differences wererelated to gender, age, family wealth status and place of birth or hometown.

Ecotourism is a kind of tourism that has been attracting more domestic and foreign tourists. The Mekong Delta has a great potential for ecotourism development, especially wetland ecosystems. In recent years, Tra Su?s ecotourism has been known by a larger number of visitors. This is a typical flooded forest in the west of Hau River, which has plenty of valuable plants and animals as well as the indigenous culture associated with the local communities. In this article, SWOT methodology is employed to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges in the development of ecotourism in this area. Besides, some solutions are suggested to foster the development of ecotourism in sustainable orientation so as to ensure the harmony of economic, social and environmental benefits.

The purpose of the article was to assess the role of Khmer Theravada Buddhism for sustainable and social development today, based on survey data sources for socio-economic life of Khmer compatriot in the Mekong Delta (2011). The quantitative evidence of the survey showed that those roles were expressed through (1) the Buddha's injunction for actions of believers in the sustainable  and social development, (2) the roles of monks, believers in propaganda activities carried out well the "Dharma - Ethnicity and  Socialism", charitable activities and the desire of the monks, believers for sustainable  and social development. From this aspect, the article suggested some solutions to  promoting the roles of Khmer Theravada Buddhism for sustainable and social development.

The research aimed to determine the impact of individual ties on motivational employees in offices in Vietnam. This study used analytical methods factor analysis to test and determine the scale. Then, this was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to find the factors affecting the motivating workers. The results showed that motivational employees were affected by individual ties inside and outside the organization. This study also suggested further research dimensions.

This paper using the multivariate linear regression model based on the ordinary least squares method (OLS) to estimate the factors affecting the performance of 58 real estate companies which are trading on Ho Chi Minh and Ha Noi Stock Exchange. The two indicators such as return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA) are used in the model. The results of the study show that the performance of the real estate companies is affected by the ratio of loans /total debt, ratio of fixed assets /total assets, ratio of fund shares /total equity, cost ratio for sales and business management and uptime of business. Finally, from the empirical results a number of solutions have also proposed to improve the performance of the real estate companies in the current period.

The present study applies a duration model to examine factors affecting the customer loyalty towards the Vinaphone post-paid mobile phone service in Can Tho City. The customer loyalty is measured by the time length that a customer uses the service. Data is collected from a survey on 247 customers who either are using or terminate the service in Can Tho City. Estimation results from the duration model show that customer loyalty is affected by age of the customer, service charges, sound complaint solutions, and barriers to service provider switching.

This paper studied the factors affecting teambuilding activities in tourism in Ho Chi Minh City. Research data were collected from 355 domestic tourists. The Cronbach?s alpha test, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used in the study. The study results showed that Destination design, The attitude of participant and guidance, Capacity and performance affecting teambuilding activities in tourism in Ho Chi Minh City. In particular, Design had the highest impact.

This study aims to build models of market structure analysis the case of pangasius in the Mekong Delta. Through overview the theory about structure - to - market results (SCP), the documents relating to the seafood market development; the author proposed the model SCP for the studying pangasius market structure in the Mekong Delta. The theoretical model is proposed based on meta ? analysis method in order to inherit valuable findings of previous researches in VietNam and other countries. The results constructed model consists of 4 structural elements, 3 implement market elements and 2 market results. The theoretical model can be well applied in research of pangasius market structure in the Mekong Delta.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the factors that affect the motivation and level of cooking oil consumption. This study was based on 310 convenience samples of households in Ninh Hoa town, Khanh Hoa Province. Research methods included descriptive statistical analysis, Cronbach's coefficient alpha testing, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis and multilayer structure analysis. The study results showed that factors such as natural content - weight control, ethical concern, health, familiarity affect the motivation, and the motivation has a strong impact on the level of cooking oil consumption.

This study aims at exploring determinants of stock returns for the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE). Data used in the study include quarterly series of portfolio price index and earning per share (EPS) of 20 stocks listed on HOSE, interest rate, USD/VND exchange rate, gold price and consumer price index (CPI) for the period from 31 December 2006 to 31 December 2012. The results derived from this study show that EPS and USD/VND exchange rate have positive effects on stock returns while gold price volatility and inflation rate have a negative impact on stock returns.

The study uses data from interviewing 200 farm households cultivating mango in Dong Thap province. The sample consists of 134 farmers cultivating mango by traditional model and 66 farmers cultivating mango by GAP standard model (Good Agriculture Practice). The objective of the study are to assess the financial performance of two mango production models and suggest some solutions to improve mango production efficiency for farmers in Dong Thap province. The results of study showed that the mango production with model GAP standard had revenue, profit and financial indexes more efficient than production with model traditional mango. Through multiple regression analysis, the mango production of farmers are influenced by the following factors: investment costs, mango acreage, number of days of family labor, planting density, using wrap fruit. Study also proposed 2 groups solution: (i) development team producing solutions, (ii) group consumed product solutions to improve the efficiency of production and consumption for mango of farmers.

The purpose of the study was to evaluation customer satisfaction for service quality of payment card in VietinBank, Can Tho branch. The research was conducted with 186 observations. The analytical methods including Cronbach's alpha, Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Binary logistic model were used in the examination of the relationship between determinants and the customer satisfaction for service quality of payment card in VietinBank, Can Tho Branch. The study results showed that the customer satisfaction is formed on the basis of a positive correlation with the components such as “Customer service”, “Reliability” and “Tangible”.

This study aims to analyse factors that affect to tourist?s satisfaction with service quality in Tien Giang province. The data were collected from 1.384 respondents included 588 international tourists and 796 domestic tourists. The consistency coefficient measured with Cronbach?s Alpha for scaling test and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) were used. The statistical results indicated 3 important factors affecting level of tourists? satisfaction with service quality in Tien Giang including: ?good tourist facility and safety?; ?tourist guide?s appearance and price of tourist services?; and ?quality of food-drink services?

In recent years, glutinous rice is sold at higher price than rice. Consequently, many farmers have changed from rice to glutinous rice cultivation. However, the efficiency of glutinous rice production hasn not yet been evaluated, especially in consumer markets. Therefore, the the research ?Situation of glutinous rice distribution channel: case of Thu Thua and Chau Thanh district, Long An province? aimed to analyze the performance of glutinous rice distribution market and propose improvement solutions. The research used Structure ? Conduct ? Performance (SCP) model (Luu Thanh Duc Hai & et al., 2004) and value chain analysis methods (Vo Thi Thanh Loc, 2013) to recognize the conduct of glutinous rice distribution channel in Long An. The research showed that glutinous rice distribution channel has several actors such as farmers, collectors, millers-polishing and company. Beside, the results also indicated that glutinous rice volume exported about 70% of total volume the glutinous rice distribution channel. Glutinous rice was mainly exported to the Chinese market by a small quota through Lang Son border gate. Collectors play an important role in the glutinous rice distribution channel. Collectors traded more than 95% glutinous rice volumes. The linkage between the actors in channel was not good. The exporting companies mainly bought glutinous rice from collectors and millers - polishing. Between farmers and companies, there was lack of linkage. Furthermore, farmers were lack of market information and take more risks when price is often volatility (input and output price).

Market risk is one of five risk categories in which households have faced. Especially, the context of agricultural markets increasingly demand and be competitive situation fiercely. This study aims to describe the panorama of the market risk that households have confronted, and assess the impact level of market risk on the efficiency of household production at once. Through the survey 503 households in the Mekong Delta, the study showed that most of the farm households are affected by market risk. In particular, output price risk is the risk of agricultural products in which are the top concerns of households. Results Multivariate Regression Analysis also showed that the number of market risk was inversely correlated to production efficiency.

The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship model between service quality and patient satisfaction for health service of hospitals at the districts in Can Tho city. The research was conducted with 200-patient observations. The analytical methods used include Cronbach's alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), structural equation modeling (SEM) in the examination of the relationship between service quality and patient satisfaction. The research results showed that health service quality is formed on the basis of dimensions such as ?Time of health service?, ?Health workers?, ?Results of health service?, ?Costs of health service?, ?Assurance?. In addition, the research results also showed that service quality directly and positively influences patient satisfaction for health service of hospitals at the districts in Can Tho city.

The world is moving slowly after the financial crisis. Consequences, the negative balance of attack ?from illness? is still there: poverty in Africa, even as increasing expansion of public debt in Europe... These adverse effects are directly affected employment and food security of the world. In such situations, economistsand policymakers are directing to agriculture as a sure and secure solution in the process of development and integration. In the new period, the Party advocates of ?a sustainable, effective, comprehensive development of agriculture oriented to industrialization and modernization based on the advantages of tropical agriculture associated with solving farmer and rural problems?. This article refers to an important aspect of agricultural development which is human resources training for agriculture and rural development in the industrialization, modernization process with updated data of the main agriculture region of the country: the Mekong Delta.

This study was conducted to compare the financial efficiency between model of applied advanced techniques (AAT) and model unapplication advanced techniques (UAT) in rice production of farmers in the Mekong Delta (MD). The data were collected from 750 rice farmers in the provinces of the MD. Analysis of financial ratios and Independent Simple T-test were applicated in this research. The results showed that AAT model achieved more financial performance than UAT model. The indicators such as: total cost, productivity, revenue and profit of AAT model were also higher UAT model. This is an important basis for the locals continue to promote application of advanced techniques in rice production, contributing to increased productivity, increase profitability, enhance revenue integration and improve the lives of rice farmers in the MD. Besides analyzing the results, the researcher also proposed some recommendations for stakeholders in rice production to improve efficiency of application advanced techniques toward cultivating of farming households. The recommendations towards objects, including: farmers, local governments and agencies, organizations institutes and universities.

Pia Cake can be seen as a specialty for Mekong Delta in general and Soc Trang province in particular. Recently, Pia cake have been produced largely and widely leading tostronger competitions among producers. Research to satisfy the customers in Soc Trang province should be one among significant duties of the Pia cake companies. This article is aimed at analyzing the factors affecting Pia cake consumption in Soc Trang province ? the origin of Pia cake production and possible recommendation for consumption efficiency.

Copyright law plays an important role in the Vietnamese Civil Codes. During their development, these laws have been revised. Before 2005, as Law on Intellectual Property Rights had not been enacted, copyright was primarily regulated by delegated legislation. Since the Intellectual Property Law was passed in 2005, it codified all copyright provisions. In comparison with the previous rules, the new provisions define some basic changes such as eliminating the term ?work owner? and replacing it by ?copyrights owner?. However, the Intellectual Property Law contains some inconsistencies. For example, it accidentally repeats the old term in some provisions, and misses the provisions on the right of copyright owner to public his work. The Law, therefore, causes difficulties in copyright registration. This article examines these erroneous provisions and in the conclusion, gives suggestions to revise the related provisions.