Phân tích thực trạng và các yếu tố tác động đến đảo nhiệt đô thị tại thành phố Cần Thơ
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Abstract
The study aims to assess the current situation of urban heat islands (UHI) in Can Tho city using Landsat 8 images. In addition, the methods of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and multivariate linear regression models were ultilized to identify the impact factors affecting UHI through feedback from 150 residents. The research results indicated that the highest UHI distribution is concentrated in areas with a high density of impervious surfaces, especially industrial clusters. In contrast, low UHI distribution is recorded in areas with a high density of green cover or in canals and rivers. The results of the multivariate regression analysis show that the urban heat island is affected by about 87,9% by three main factors including nature, infrastructure, and society. The research results also provide information for planners in proposing solutions to limit the impact of urban heat islands and protect the environment toward sustainable urban development.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá thực trạng đảo nhiệt đô thị (UHI) tại thành phố Cần Thơ sử dụng ảnh Landsat 8, đồng thời xác định các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến đảo nhiệt thông qua phản hồi của 150 người dân sử dụng phương pháp phân tích nhân tố khám phá EFA và mô hình hồi quy tuyến tính đa biến. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy phân bố UHI cao nhất (4 đến 5oC) tập trung ở các khu vực có mật độ bề mặt không thấm cao đặt biệt là khu cụm công nghiệp, phân bố UHI thấp được ghi nhận ở các khu vực có mật độ cây xanh che phủ cao hoặc tại các kênh sông rạch. Kết quả phân tích hồi quy đa biến cho thấy đảo nhiệt đô thị bị ảnh hưởng 87,9% bởi các yếu tố về tự nhiên, hạ tầng và xã hội. Kết quả nghiên cứu cũng cung cấp thông tin cho các nhà quy hoạch nhằm đề xuất các giải pháp hạn chế ảnh hưởng của đảo nhiệt đô thị, bảo vệ môi trường trong xây dựng đô thị bền vững.
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