Thành phần động vật nguyên sinh (Protozoa) trong các ao nuôi tôm thẻ chân trắng (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) thâm canh
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Abstract
The study aimed to determine the relationship between Protozoa and water environment parameters in intensive white-leg shrimp ponds. Protozoa samples were collected at five shrimp ponds and two canals in Soc Trang province. Shrimp ponds were divided into 2 groups, including group N1 (3 ponds) and group N2 (2 ponds). All shrimp ponds had similar farming procedures. However, only group N2 used settling ponds during the farming process. The results were recorded for 20 Protozoa species (36%). The species number of Protozoa showed no significant difference between the shrimp ponds and canals. Protozoa abundance in shrimp ponds was higher than that in canals, varying from 34,089-31,155,511 ind./m3 to 60,507-3,037,222 ind./m3. Genus Tintinnopsis predominates in group N2, while some species belonging to the ciliate had a high percentage in group N1 for 28-42 days. pH and salinity were significantly negatively correlated (p<0.01) with the species number of Protozoa. In contrast, PO43- content had a significantly positive correlation (p<0.05) with Protozoa species number. Protozoa density was affected by NO3- and chlorophyll-a concentrations.
Tóm tắt
Nghiên cứu nhằm xác định mối liên hệ giữa Protozoa với các thông số môi trường nước trong các ao nuôi tôm thẻ chân trắng thâm canh. Các mẫu Protozoa được thu ở 5 ao tôm và 2 kênh cấp tại tỉnh Sóc Trăng. Các ao tôm được chia thành 2 nhóm gồm nhóm N1 (3 ao) và nhóm N2 (2 ao). Tất cả các ao tôm đều có qui trình nuôi tương tự nhau. Tuy nhiên, chỉ có nhóm N2 có sử dụng ao lắng trong quá trình nuôi. Kết quả đã ghi nhận 20 loài Protozoa (36%). Số loài Protozoa trong các ao tôm và kênh cấp không khác biệt đáng kể. Mật độ Protozoa trong các ao tôm cao hơn kênh cấp, biến động lần lượt từ 34.089-31.155.511 ct/m3 đến 60.507-3.037.222 ct/m3. Giống Tintinnopsis chiếm ưu thế ở nhóm N2, trong khi một số loài thuộc Ciliate chiếm tỉ lệ cao ở nhóm N1 giai đoạn 28-42 ngày. pH và độ mặn tương quan nghịch có ý nghĩa (p<0,01) với thành phần loài Protozoa. Ngược lại, PO43- tương quan thuận có ý nghĩa (p<0,05) với thành phần loài Protozoa. Mật độ Protozoa bị ảnh hưởng bởi hàm lượng NO3- và chlorophyll-a.
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